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RT 211 > 6.2 The Blood > Flashcards

6.2 The Blood Flashcards

1
Q

is composed of liquid, the plasma, and of formed elements, the blood cells

A

The blood

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2
Q

is the liquid part of the blood, colorless fluid. 90% of it is water

A

Blood Plasma

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3
Q

o Water
o Inorganic salts
-Sodium, phosphates, potassium, bicarbonates, calcium, iodine, magnesium, iron, chlorides, copper

A

Blood Plasma

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4
Q

o Albumin
o Fibrinogen
o Globulins – antibodies

A

Blood proteins

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5
Q

o Amino acids from proteins
o Glucose from carbohydrates
o Sugars and starches
o Fatty acids, glycerine from lipids (fats)

A

Digested food products

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6
Q 
o	Pituitary gland
o	Thyroid gland
o	Parathyroid gland
o	Pancreas
o	Suprarenal glands
o	Gonads
A

Hormones from the endocrine glands

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7
Q

White blood cell, leukocytes

A
  • Granulocytes

- Agranulocytes or nongranulocytes

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8
Q

Granulocytes

A
  • Neutrophils (polymorphonuclear)
  • Eosinophils
  • Basophils
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9
Q

Agranulocytes or nongranulocytes

A
  • Lymphocytes

- Monocytes

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10
Q

Cytos, kytos

A

a cell

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11
Q

Erythros

A

red

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12
Q

Leukos, leuco

A

white

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13
Q

Corpus

A

body

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14
Q

Corpuscle, corpusculus

A

little body

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15
Q

Produced by the bone marrow, liver, spleen, lymph nodes, and thymus gland

A

Blood cells

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16
Q

Red blood cells or corpuscles

A

erythrocytes

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17
Q

Disc shaped cells, concave on both surfaces when viewed on edge

A

Red blood cells or corpuscles – erythrocytes

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18
Q

They are formed in the bone marrow

A

Red blood cells or corpuscles – erythrocytes

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19
Q

Red blood cells or corpuscles – erythrocytes: __ microns in diameter

A

7

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20
Q

Red blood cells or corpuscles – erythrocytes: _____ rbc per cubic mm of blood

A

4,500,000 to 6 million

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21
Q

a compound of iron and a protein and forms in red blood cells during their development

A

Hemoglobin

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22
Q

transports oxygen from the lungs to all body tissues and cells. They also transport some carbon dioxide from body tissues to the lungs for elimination

A

Red blood cells or corpuscles – erythrocytes

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23
Q

Leukocytes or leucocytes

A

White blood cells

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24
Q

White blood cells – Leukocytes or leucocytes ____ cells per cubic mm of blood

A

6,000 to 10,000

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25
Q

have granules in the cytoplasm

A

Granulocytes

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26
Q

60% to 70% of the leukocytes. Fine granules. Stain lilac, not red or blue. Cell nucleus has from 2 to 5 lobes joined together by narrow strands. Polymorphonuclear

A

Neutrophils

27
Q

medium sized granules. Stain red with an acid dye such as eosin. 2% to 3% of all leukocytes

A

Eosinophils

28
Q

coarse granules. 1% of the leukocytes. Stain blue with a basic dye such as methylene blue

29
Q

nongranulocytes

A

Agranulocytes

30
Q

single large nucleus and stains reddish blue. 25% of all leukocytes

A

Lymphocyte

31
Q

Have a single rounded or kidney shaped nucleus that stains reddish purple

A

Monocytes – (mononuclear)

32
Q

defend the body from bacterial infections

A

Leukocytes

33
Q

help repair damaged tissue by a process of phagocytosis

A

Leukocytes

34
Q

They also aid in the clotting of blood

A

Leukocytes

35
Q

are increased in number in asthma and some parasitic diseases

A

Eosinophils

36
Q

are responsible for the development of immunity, the production of antibodies, gamma globulin, etc.

A

Lymphocytes

37
Q

Small irregular fragments of cells that are formed in the bone marrow

A

Blood platelets or Thrombocytes

38
Q

Concerned with the blood clotting

A

Blood platelets or Thrombocytes

39
Q

200,000 to 400,000 per cubic mm of blood and appear as minute stained particles in blood smears

A

Blood platelets or Thrombocytes

40
Q

a blood protein, formed in the liver, circulates in solution in blood plasma

A

Fibrinogen

41
Q

is an enzyme formed in the liver, and circulated in solution in the blood plasma

A

Prothrombin

42
Q

ingested with food also circulates in the blood plasma in an ionized state

43
Q

does not circulate in the plasma but is present in tissue cells

A

Thromboplastin or thrombokinase

44
Q

is present in the liver and some other organs and dissolved in plasma. It acts to prevent blood from clotting within the blood vessels

A

Heparin or antithrombin

45
Q

Following an injury, the injured tissue cells liberate thromboplastin at the site of injury. _____ may also give similar substance

46
Q

thus freed comes into contact with the spilled blood and converts the prothrombin dissolved in it to thrombin

A

Thromboplastin

47
Q

form fibrin

A

Thrombin + calcium + fibrinogen

48
Q

consists of fine threads precipitated from the dissolved fibrinogen

49
Q

Water for body tissues and cells, to provide a solvent in which digested food products, blood proteins, minerals, gases, vitamins, hormones, and waste products are dissolved, for transportation

A

Blood plasma

50
Q

A medium in which blood cells circulate throughout the body

A

Blood plasma

51
Q

Contain hemoglobin for transportation of oxygen, and some carbon dioxide

A

Red blood cells

52
Q

Is an iron protein compound in RBC that unites readily with oxygen forming oxyhemoglobin for transportation of oxygen to body tissues

A

Hemoglobin

53
Q

Circulating in plasma, destroy microorganisms resulting from infection, and help to form blood clots

A

Leukocytes

54
Q

function in immunization

A

Lymphocytes

55
Q

Function in blood clotting, liberate thromboplastin or similar substances, and clump to plug ruptures

A

Blood platelets

56
Q

to arrest hemorrhage by plugging blood vessels

A

Coagulation of blood

57
Q

an increase in number of leukocytes in the circulating blood

A

Leucocytosis or leukocytosis

58
Q

a decreased in the number of leucocytes in the circulating blood

A

Leucopenia

59
Q

an absence or marked decrease in the number of leucocytes in circulating blood

A

Agranulocytosis

60
Q

a decrease in the number of red blood cells in circulating blood

61
Q

a decrease in the hemoglobin content of each red blood cell – an iron deficiency

62
Q

an increase in the number of the red blood cells in circulating blood

A

Polycythemia

63
Q

the absence of gammaglobulin, containing antibodies

A

Agammaglobinemia

RT 211 (23 decks)

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