6.2 The Blood

Question 1

is composed of liquid, the plasma, and of formed elements, the blood cells

Answer 1

The blood

Question 2

is the liquid part of the blood, colorless fluid. 90% of it is water

Answer 2

Blood Plasma

Question 3

o Water
o Inorganic salts
-Sodium, phosphates, potassium, bicarbonates, calcium, iodine, magnesium, iron, chlorides, copper

Answer 3

Blood Plasma

Question 4

o Albumin
o Fibrinogen
o Globulins – antibodies

Answer 4

Blood proteins

Question 5

o Amino acids from proteins
o Glucose from carbohydrates
o Sugars and starches
o Fatty acids, glycerine from lipids (fats)

Answer 5

Digested food products

Question 6

o	Pituitary gland
o	Thyroid gland
o	Parathyroid gland
o	Pancreas
o	Suprarenal glands
o	Gonads

Answer 6

Hormones from the endocrine glands

Question 7

White blood cell, leukocytes

Answer 7

• Granulocytes

- Agranulocytes or nongranulocytes

Question 8

Granulocytes

Answer 8

• Neutrophils (polymorphonuclear)
• Eosinophils
• Basophils

Question 9

Agranulocytes or nongranulocytes

Answer 9

• Lymphocytes

- Monocytes

Question 10

Cytos, kytos

Answer 10

a cell

Question 11

Erythros

Answer 11

red

Question 12

Leukos, leuco

Answer 12

white

Question 13

Corpus

Answer 13

body

Question 14

Corpuscle, corpusculus

Answer 14

little body

Question 15

Produced by the bone marrow, liver, spleen, lymph nodes, and thymus gland

Answer 15

Blood cells

Question 16

Red blood cells or corpuscles

Answer 16

erythrocytes

Question 17

Disc shaped cells, concave on both surfaces when viewed on edge

Answer 17

Red blood cells or corpuscles – erythrocytes

Question 18

They are formed in the bone marrow

Answer 18

Red blood cells or corpuscles – erythrocytes

Question 19

Red blood cells or corpuscles – erythrocytes: __ microns in diameter

Answer 19

7

Question 20

Red blood cells or corpuscles – erythrocytes: _____ rbc per cubic mm of blood

Answer 20

4,500,000 to 6 million

Question 21

a compound of iron and a protein and forms in red blood cells during their development

Answer 21

Hemoglobin

Question 22

transports oxygen from the lungs to all body tissues and cells. They also transport some carbon dioxide from body tissues to the lungs for elimination

Answer 22

Red blood cells or corpuscles – erythrocytes

Question 23

Leukocytes or leucocytes

Answer 23

White blood cells

Question 24

White blood cells – Leukocytes or leucocytes ____ cells per cubic mm of blood

Answer 24

6,000 to 10,000

Question 25

have granules in the cytoplasm

Answer 25

Granulocytes

Question 26

60% to 70% of the leukocytes. Fine granules. Stain lilac, not red or blue. Cell nucleus has from 2 to 5 lobes joined together by narrow strands. Polymorphonuclear

Answer 26

Neutrophils

Question 27

medium sized granules. Stain red with an acid dye such as eosin. 2% to 3% of all leukocytes

Answer 27

Eosinophils

Question 28

coarse granules. 1% of the leukocytes. Stain blue with a basic dye such as methylene blue

Answer 28

Basophils

Question 29

nongranulocytes

Answer 29

Agranulocytes

Question 30

single large nucleus and stains reddish blue. 25% of all leukocytes

Answer 30

Lymphocyte

Question 31

Have a single rounded or kidney shaped nucleus that stains reddish purple

Answer 31

Monocytes – (mononuclear)

Question 32

defend the body from bacterial infections

Answer 32

Leukocytes

Question 33

help repair damaged tissue by a process of phagocytosis

Answer 33

Leukocytes

Question 34

They also aid in the clotting of blood

Answer 34

Leukocytes

Question 35

are increased in number in asthma and some parasitic diseases

Answer 35

Eosinophils

Question 36

are responsible for the development of immunity, the production of antibodies, gamma globulin, etc.

Answer 36

Lymphocytes

Question 37

Small irregular fragments of cells that are formed in the bone marrow

Answer 37

Blood platelets or Thrombocytes

Question 38

Concerned with the blood clotting

Answer 38

Blood platelets or Thrombocytes

Question 39

200,000 to 400,000 per cubic mm of blood and appear as minute stained particles in blood smears

Answer 39

Blood platelets or Thrombocytes

Question 40

a blood protein, formed in the liver, circulates in solution in blood plasma

Answer 40

Fibrinogen

Question 41

is an enzyme formed in the liver, and circulated in solution in the blood plasma

Answer 41

Prothrombin

Question 42

ingested with food also circulates in the blood plasma in an ionized state

Answer 42

Calcium

Question 43

does not circulate in the plasma but is present in tissue cells

Answer 43

Thromboplastin or thrombokinase

Question 44

is present in the liver and some other organs and dissolved in plasma. It acts to prevent blood from clotting within the blood vessels

Answer 44

Heparin or antithrombin

Question 45

Following an injury, the injured tissue cells liberate thromboplastin at the site of injury. _____ may also give similar substance

Answer 45

Platelets

Question 46

thus freed comes into contact with the spilled blood and converts the prothrombin dissolved in it to thrombin

Answer 46

Thromboplastin

Question 47

form fibrin

Answer 47

Thrombin + calcium + fibrinogen

Question 48

consists of fine threads precipitated from the dissolved fibrinogen

Answer 48

Fibrin

Question 49

Water for body tissues and cells, to provide a solvent in which digested food products, blood proteins, minerals, gases, vitamins, hormones, and waste products are dissolved, for transportation

Answer 49

Blood plasma

Question 50

A medium in which blood cells circulate throughout the body

Answer 50

Blood plasma

Question 51

Contain hemoglobin for transportation of oxygen, and some carbon dioxide

Answer 51

Red blood cells

Question 52

Is an iron protein compound in RBC that unites readily with oxygen forming oxyhemoglobin for transportation of oxygen to body tissues

Answer 52

Hemoglobin

Question 53

Circulating in plasma, destroy microorganisms resulting from infection, and help to form blood clots

Answer 53

Leukocytes

Question 54

function in immunization

Answer 54

Lymphocytes

Question 55

Function in blood clotting, liberate thromboplastin or similar substances, and clump to plug ruptures

Answer 55

Blood platelets

Question 56

to arrest hemorrhage by plugging blood vessels

Answer 56

Coagulation of blood

Question 57

an increase in number of leukocytes in the circulating blood

Answer 57

Leucocytosis or leukocytosis

Question 58

a decreased in the number of leucocytes in the circulating blood

Answer 58

Leucopenia

Question 59

an absence or marked decrease in the number of leucocytes in circulating blood

Answer 59

Agranulocytosis

Question 60

a decrease in the number of red blood cells in circulating blood

Answer 60

Anemia

Question 61

a decrease in the hemoglobin content of each red blood cell – an iron deficiency

Answer 61

Anemia

Question 62

an increase in the number of the red blood cells in circulating blood

Answer 62

Polycythemia

Question 63

the absence of gammaglobulin, containing antibodies

Answer 63

Agammaglobinemia