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RT 211 > 1.1 Anatomical Terminology > Flashcards

1.1 Anatomical Terminology Flashcards

1
Q

is the study of the structure and form of an organism; it deals with the structure and form of the various parts of the human body

A

Anatomy

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2
Q

study of any part of the body as seen with the naked eye

A

Gross or Macroscopic Anatomy

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3
Q

study of the structure of minute parts such as cells or tissue that are not visible as separate entities to the naked eye

A

Histology or Microscopic Anatomy

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4
Q

study of the structural changes that take place in the fertilized ovum up to the time of birth

A

Embryology or Developmental Anatomy

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5
Q

study of what part of the surface of the body corresponds to the various organs and structures within the body

A

Surface or Regional or Topographical Anatomy

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6
Q

study of the similarities and differences in structure of the various body parts of the body, among different species of living things

A

Comparative Anatomy

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7
Q

is the study of the function or behavior of the organs or other structures of the body

A

Physiology

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8
Q

is the study of diseases, its causes and its effect upon the body

A

Pathology

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9
Q

a list of the names of parts of the body compiled by the International Anatomical Nomenclature Committee

A

The Nomina Anatomica

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10
Q

Proper names used as names for anatomical sturctures have been replaced by descriptives names

A

Eponyms

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11
Q

Two vowels occurring together and pronounced as a single sound have been eliminated

A

Diphthongs

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12
Q

between vowels occurring together in the middle of the words and in compound words have been discontinued

A

Hyphens

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13
Q

The Nomina Anatomica was compile by

A

International Anatomical Nomenclature Committee

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14
Q

The Nomina Anatomica

A
  • Eponyms
  • Diphthongs
  • Hyphens
  • Alternated names have been retained in some instances
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15
Q

THE ORIGIN OF ANATOMICAL NAMES

A
  • Greek
  • Latin
  • AngloSaxon
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16
Q

usually used to name pathological conditions

A

Greek

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17
Q

Kephale, cephale

A

the head (G)

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18
Q

Kondylos, condyle

A

knuckle (G)

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19
Q

Karpos, carpus

A

wrist (G)

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20
Q

Cardio

A

heart (G)

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21
Q

Nephro

A

kidney (G)

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22
Q

usually used to name anatomical structures

A

Latin

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23
Q

Scapula

A

shoulder blade (L)

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24
Q

Femur

A

thigh bone (L)

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25
Q

Clavicula, clavicle

A

collar bone (L)

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26
Q

Cor

A

heart (L)

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27
Q

Renal

A

kidney (L)

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28
Q

Old English

A

AngloSaxon

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29
Q

Sceaft

A

shaft (AS)

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30
Q

Heorte

A

heart (AS)

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31
Q

Hype

A

hip (AS)

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32
Q

Lungen

A

lung (AS)

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33
Q

the subject stand upright, with the limbs extended, face to the front, palms of the hands facing the front, and the feet together

A

Anatomical Position

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34
Q

a line drawn vertically through the center of the forehead, nose, chin, chest, abdomen, and between the legs

A

Median Line of the Body

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35
Q

caput (L), the extended end of a part of the body

A

Head

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36
Q

Latin word of head

A

caput

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37
Q

the constricted part of a structure adjacent to the head of it

A

Neck

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38
Q

Latin word of neck

A

cervix or collum

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39
Q

the principal part of a structure or the shaft of a long bone

A

Body

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40
Q

Latin word of body

A

corpus

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41
Q

the principal part of body of a long bone, a rod like part

A

Shaft

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42
Q

AngloSaxon word of shaft

A

sceaft

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43
Q

the tapered end of a structure

A

tail

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44
Q

Latin word of tail

A

cauda

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45
Q

a subdivision of an organ or structure

A

Lobe

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46
Q

Latin word of lobe

A

lobules

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47
Q

a subdivision of a lobe

A

Lobule

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48
Q

Latin word of lobule

A

lobulus

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49
Q

a unit of structure, separated from other segments, with its own blood supply

A

Segment

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50
Q

Latin word of segment

A

segmentum

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51
Q

the end of a long structure

A

Extremity

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52
Q

Latin word of extremity

A

extremitas

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53
Q

the pointed end of a structure

A

Apex

54
Q

a hole or opening

A

Aperture,

Foramen

55
Q

an opening or gap

A

Hiatus

56
Q

an opening

A

Orifice,

Ostium

57
Q

an opening or mouth

A

Os

58
Q

a window or opening; usually refers to the cavity of a hollow organ

A

Lumen

59
Q

an opening, pore, foramen

A

Porus

60
Q

a narrow slit, cleft or groove

A

Fissure

61
Q

a depression or hollow below the normal surface of a structure, a trench, ditch

A

Fossa (L)

62
Q

an indentation or depression on the surface of an organ, where vessels enter or leave the organ

A

Hilum

63
Q

a groove or furrow, broader than a fissure sometimes has a tendon or artery, etc., running along it

A

Sulcus (L)

64
Q

a cavity within an organ, bone, etc

A

Sinus

65
Q

a channel for blood, etc.

A

Sinus

66
Q

a canal or passage from one organ to another, or to the outside by which pus etc., escapes

A

Sinus

67
Q

a notch or cleft

A

Incisura (L)

68
Q

a canal or tube like passage

A

Meatus (L)

69
Q

a branch or a division of a vessel, nerve or bone

A

Ramus (L)

70
Q

a partition separating two cavities

A

Septum (L)

71
Q

that part of any structure or organ that lies nearest to the median line of the body

A

Medial or Mesial

72
Q

has a different meaning, and refers to a structure lying between two other structures

A

Middle

73
Q

that part of an organ or structure that lies farthest away from the median line of the body

A

Lateral

74
Q

towards the front or in the front part of the body, an organ or other structure

A

Anterior/Ventral

75
Q

towards the back, or in the back part of the body or part of it

A

Posterior/Dorsal

76
Q

back of the hand, or back part of the foot

A

Dorsal

77
Q

either palm of the hand, or sole of the foot

A

Volar/Plantar/Palmar

78
Q

referring to hand = the back of the hand

A

Dorsal

79
Q

referring to foot = its upper surface

A

Dorsal

80
Q

refers to the upper part, or that part towards the head end

A

Superior

81
Q

refers to the lower part, or that part away from the head

A

Inferior

82
Q

refers to the head or head end of the body or an organ

A

Cephalic (G)

83
Q

refers to the tail or tail end of the body or an organ

A

Caudal

84
Q

towards the head

A

Cephalad

85
Q

towards the tail

A

Caudad

86
Q

that part of structure closest to its source or origin, its attached end

A

Proximal

87
Q

terminal; that part farthest away from the source or origin or point of attachment

A

Distal

88
Q

the positon assumed when lying upon the back with the face up

A

Supine

89
Q

lying face down

A

Prone

90
Q

perpendicular or at right angles to the horizon, assuming that the subject is standing up

A

Vertical

91
Q

parallel to the horizon, subject upright

A

Horizontal

92
Q

the inner part, farthest from the surface

A

Central

93
Q

on or near the surface, outer part

A

Peripheral

94
Q

on or near the surface

A

Superficial

95
Q

far from the surface

A

Deep (L)

96
Q

the larger or greater of the two

A

Major

97
Q

the smaller or lesser of the two

A

Minor

98
Q

on the inside of the body or a part of

A

Internal

99
Q

on the outside, the outer

A

External

100
Q

part of an organ itself

A

Intrinsic

101
Q

originating outside an organ

A

Extrinsic

102
Q

refers to some organ

A

Visceral

103
Q

refers to a wall, relating to a wall of structure

A

Parietal (G)

104
Q

flat; a real imaginary flat surface

A

Plane

105
Q

Latin word for plane

A

planus

106
Q

is a flat surface made by cutting lengthwise or along the long axis of the body or a part of it. The cut could be from side to side or from front back, and with the subject standing upright or lying down, or in any other position

A

Longitudinal Plane

107
Q

is a flat surface made by cutting through the body or part of it crossways, or at right angles to the long axis

A

Transverse Plane

108
Q

is a longitudinal plane made with the subject upright

A

Vertical Plane

109
Q

is a transverse plane made with the subject upright

A

Horizontal Plane

110
Q

longitudinal plane made by cutting from front to back along the median line of the body, and along the sagittal suture of the skull

A

Midsagittal or Median Plane

111
Q

longitudinal plane made by cutting from front to back to one or the other side of the sagittal suture, and parallel to MSP

A

Sagittal Plane

112
Q

longitudinal plane made by cutting lengthwise and from side to side

A

Coronal Plane or Frontal Plane

113
Q

transverse plane made by cutting across the upper abdomen at right angles to the long axis of the body, and opposite the 10th costal cartilages, the lowest limit of the thoracic cage

A

Subcostal Plane

114
Q

transverse plane made by cutting across the body from one side to the other at the level of the 9th costal cartilages or half way between the upper end of the sternum and the symphysis

A

Transpyloric Plane

115
Q

is a slice made by making two parallel cut close to a plane

A

Section

116
Q

ante

A

before

117
Q

post

A

after

118
Q

endo

A

inside

119
Q

ecto

A

outside

120
Q

hypo

A

below

121
Q

hyper

A

above

122
Q

in

A

inside

123
Q

ex

A

outside of

124
Q

intra

A

within

125
Q

extra

A

outside

126
Q

macro

A

large

127
Q

micro

A

small

128
Q

super

A

above

129
Q

sub

A

under

130
Q

supra

A

above

131
Q

infra

A

below

RT 211 (23 decks)

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