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RT 211 > 4.2 The Thorax > Flashcards

4.2 The Thorax Flashcards

1
Q

is a cage composed of bones and cartilages, which affords protection of several very vital organs, the heart with its trunk vessels and the respiratory organs

A

The thorax, the upper part of the trunk

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2
Q

breast bone

A

Sternum

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3
Q

no. of bones Ribs or costae

A

12 pairs

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4
Q

no. of bones Costa cartilages

A

12 pairs

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5
Q

between a rib and the body of a vertebra

A

Costovertebral

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6
Q

between a rib and a transverse process of a vertebra

A

Costotrasverse

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7
Q

between a rib cartilage and the sternum

A

Sternocostal or costosternal

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8
Q

between a rib and its costal cartilage

A

Costochondral

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9
Q

between the adjacent anterior margins of costal cartilages of 6th to 10th ribs

A

Interchondral

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10
Q

between the sternum and the clavicle

A

Sternoclavicular

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11
Q

between the manubrium and the body of the sternum

A

Manubriosternal

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12
Q

between the body of the sternum and its xiphoid process

A

Xiphisternal

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13
Q

flat bone

A

Sternum

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14
Q

Sternum parts

A
  • Manubrium
  • Body or gladiolus
  • Xiphoid process
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15
Q
  • Jugular notch (suprasternal notch)
  • Clavicular notches
  • Costal notches – 1 and 1/2
A

Manubrium

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16
Q

Costal notches – 4 and half notches

A

Body or gladiolus

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17
Q

one-half notch

A

Xiphoid process

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18
Q

other name for ribs

A

costae

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19
Q
  • Dorsal extremity or vertebral extremity (end)
  • Body or shaft with an angle
  • Ventral extremity or sternal extremity
A

Ribs (costae) – 12 pairs

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20
Q

is a long bone that lies vertically in the midline of the anterior chest wall

A

Sternum

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21
Q

the upper part and represents the handle of the sword

A

Manubrium

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22
Q

depression on the upper surface of the manubrium

A

Clavicular notches

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23
Q

extends from the manubrium to the xiphoid process and is the largest part of the sternum

A

The body or gladiolus

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24
Q

Sternal angle other name

A

angle of Louis or Ludwig

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25
Q

is marked by a prominent transverse ridge at the junction of the manubrium and the body of sternum

A

Sternal angle (angle of Louis or Ludwig)

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26
Q

inferior part of the sternum

A

Xiphoid process

27
Q

are niches on the lateral margins of the sternum

A

Costal notches

28
Q

long, curved, flat bones that from the posterior wall, lateral walls and part of the anterior wall of the thorax

A

Ribs

29
Q

slightly expanded posterior end

A

Head (Dorsal extremity of Tubercle)

30
Q

slightly constricted part connecting the head to the body

A

Neck (Dorsal extremity of Tubercle)

31
Q

small prominence on the dorsal surface at the junction of the neck and body

A

Tubercle (Dorsal extremity of Tubercle)

32
Q

long flat, curved part that extends from the neck around the chest wall

A

Body of the ribs

33
Q

At its lower margin there is a groove- the costal groove- from an intercostal artery, vein and nerve

A

Body of the ribs

34
Q

is a prominence in front of the neck where the rib becomes bent anteriorly

A

Angle of a rib

35
Q

anterior end that articulates with its costal cartilage

A

ventral or sternal extremity

36
Q

has 2 grooves running transversely on its upper anterior surface for the subclavian artery and vein

A

The first rib

37
Q

have a single articular surface on the head, not two

A

1st, 10th, 11th and 12th ribs

38
Q

have no tubercles

A

11th and 12th ribs

39
Q

articulating with the sternum separately

A

Seven upper ribs

40
Q

join cartilage of rib above

A

8th, 9th and 10th ribs

41
Q

have free anterior ends so are floating

A

11th and 12th ribs

42
Q

upper seven pairs ribs

A

True ribs

43
Q

lower five pairs

A

False ribs

44
Q

upper seven pairs

A

Vertebrosternal

45
Q

8th, 9th, and 10th pairs

A

Vertebrochondral

46
Q

11th and 12th pairs

A

Vertebral ribs

47
Q

flat plates of cartilages similar in shape to the adjacent similar in shape to the adjacent rib

A

Costal cartilages

48
Q

curved formed by the anterior margins of the 7th, 8th, 9th and 10th costal cartilages on each side and the rounded tip of the xiphoid process

A

Costal arch

49
Q

joints of head of ribs and vertebral bodies

A

Costovertebral joints – synovial joints

50
Q

except for 11th and 12th rib

A

Costotransverse joints – synovial joints

51
Q

The movements of the ____ increase the anteroposterior and lateral diameters of chest at inspiration, while the _____ increases the vertical diameter

A

ribs,

descent of the diaphragm

52
Q

located at the anterior, or sternal, end of a rib and the adjacent costal cartilage

A

Costochondral joints

53
Q

type of joints Sternocostal or costosternal joints

A

sliding synovial joints (except the 1st which is cartilaginous)

54
Q

Formed by the sternal (anterior) end of a costal cartilage articulating with a costal notch on the lateral margin of the sternum (upper 7)

A

Sternocostal or costosternal joints – sliding synovial joints (except the 1st which is cartilaginous)

55
Q

located between adjacent anterior margins of the 7th, 8th, 9th and 10th costal cartilages and the rib cartilage above each one

A

Interchondral joints

56
Q

Between the sternal end of the clavicle and clavicular notch of the sternum

A

Sternoclavicular joints – gliding joints

57
Q

Between the inferior margin of the manubrium and the upper margin of the body of the sternum, at the sternal angle

A

Manubriosternal joint – cartilaginous joint

58
Q

Located between the inferior end of the body of the sternum and the xiphoid process of the sternum

A

Xiphesternal or xiphosternal joint – cartilaginous joint

59
Q

an extra rib may be present on one or both sides above the first rib

A

Cervical ribs

60
Q

short extra rib that may be present below the 12th rib

A

Lumbar ribs

61
Q

one or more ribs may be absent on one or both sides

A

Absence of ribs

62
Q

the anterior or sternal end of a rib may divide into two parts

A

Forked ribs

63
Q

the sternum may be depressed so that it lies closer to the thoracic vertebrae than usual

A

Pectus excavatum

64
Q

prominent sternum may be present

A

Pigeon chest

RT 211 (23 decks)

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