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RT 211 > 3.2 Bones of the Lower Limb > Flashcards

3.2 Bones of the Lower Limb Flashcards

1
Q

Pelvic Girdle

A
  • Right hip bone or os coxae or innominate bone

- Left hip bone or os coxae or innominate bone

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2
Q

3 fused bones

A
  • Ilium (2/5)
  • Ischium (2/5)
  • Pubis (1/5)
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3
Q

Pelvis

A
  • Right hip bone
  • Left hip bone
  • Sacrum
  • Coccyx
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4
Q

Thigh

A
  • Femur or thigh bone

- Patella or knee cap

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5
Q

Leg or Crus

A
  • Tibia or shin bone

- Fibula or calf bone

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6
Q

a large irregular bone that connects the lower limb to the trunk

A

Hip bone

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7
Q

a deep circular cup shaped depression on the lateral surface of the hip bone below its middle

A

Acetabulum

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8
Q

a gap on the inferior margin of the rim of acetabulum

A

Acetabulum notch

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9
Q

a flat central part of the acetabulum

A

Acetabular fossa

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10
Q

large opening in the inferior part of the hip bone between the pubis and ischium

A

Obturator foramen

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11
Q

it forms the upper two-fifths of the acetabulum, and all of the hip bone above it

A

Ilium or flank bone

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12
Q

is the thin flattened upper part of the ilium above the body

A

Ala or wing

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13
Q

upper curved border of the ala

A

Iliac crest

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14
Q

concave inner surface of the wing of ilium

A

Iliac fossa

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15
Q

a rough, ear-shaped part posterior to the iliac fossa that articulates with the upper lateral part of the sacrum

A

Auricular surface

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16
Q

four spines of the ilium

A

ASIS, AIIS, PSIS, PIIS

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17
Q

forms the lower two-fifths of the acetabulum and that part of the hip bone below and dorsal to the acetabulum

A

Ischium

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18
Q

pointed process that extends dorsally and medially from the body of the ischium

A

Ischial spine

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19
Q

large rounded process on the posterior surface of the lower end of the body of ischium

A

Ischial tuberosity

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20
Q

forms the anterior one-fifth of the acetabulum and the anterior part of the hip bone in front of the acetabulum and obturator foramen

A

Pubis

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21
Q

a very small process on the superior margin of the pubic bone slightly lateral to the pubic symphysis

A

Pubic tubercle

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22
Q

small ridge on the upper margin extending from the symphysis to the pubic tubercle

A

Pubic crest

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23
Q

is the curved surface formed by the medial margins of both inferior rami of the pubic bones and the lower border of the symphysis pubis

A

Pubic arch

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24
Q

a hollow curved cylinder with bony walls, at the inferior end of the vertebral column

A

Pelvis (Latin = basin)

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25
a ridge of bone that begins at the upper margin of the symphysis pubis
Linea terminalis (terminal line)
26
pelvic rim or inlet, Heart-shaped opening into the true pelvis
Superior aperture (opening)
27
an opening at the lower end of the pelvis composed of the incomplete bony ring and ligaments
Inferior aperture or outlet
28
is the cavity located between the inlet and outlet
True pelvis – or minor pelvis
29
lies above the plane of the inlet
False pelvis – or major pelvis
30
a deep notch on the posterior margin of the hip bone
Greater Sciatic notch
31
is a long bone, and the longest bone in the body, extending from the hip to the knee
Femur
32
small but definite hole at the center of the head
Fovea capitis femoris
33
large prominence on the lateral surface of the upper femur
Greater trochanter
34
much smaller rounded process that extends medially from the posteromedial margin of the upper femur at the junction of the neck and shaft
Lesser trochanter
35
is a ridge of bone that passes obliquely across the back of the upper femur between the greater and lesser trochanters
Intertrochanteric crest
36
a ridge that extends obliquely across the anterior surface of the upper femur
Intertrochanteric line
37
rounded process forming the lateral part of the distal end of the femur
Lateral condyle
38
a deep notch located between the posterior parts of the femoral condyles
Intercondylar fossa
39
a small process on the medial surface of the medial epicondyle of the femur
Adductor tubercle
40
is a sesamoid bone lying within the tendon of the quadriceps muscle tendon. It is a flat rounded bone and lies anterior to the knee joint
Patella
41
large sturdy bone and lies medial to the fibula
Tibia
42
a small, double pointed process on the proximal end of the tibia, located between the articular surfaces of the medial and lateral condyles of the tibia
Intercondylar eminence
43
rounded prominence on the anterior surface of the tibia below the condyles
Tibial tuberosity
44
a small, smooth rounded area on the posterolateral border of the lateral tibial condyle
Fibular articular surface (fibular facet)
45
a four sided smooth surface on the distal end of the tibia
Inferior articular surface
46
projects down from the medial margin of the tibia. It reaches about one-half inch below the level of the ankle joint
Medial malleolus
47
a concave depression on the lateral surface of the tibia just above the ankle joint
Fibular notch
48
long slender bone lying on the lateral side of the tibia and parallel to it
Fibula
49
pointed upper end of the head
Apex or styloid process of the fibula
50
distal expanded end of the fibula. Its tip is at lower level than the medial malleolus
Lateral malleolus
51
is sometimes referred to a ankle bone. It lies between the distal end of the tibia and the calcaneus, transmitting body weight to the calcaneus
Talus or astragalus
52
the inferior surface of the talus has 3 articular surfaces that form joints with the smooth articular surfaces of the calcaneus
Talus or astragalus
53
upper smooth convex surface that articulates with the lower end of the tibia
Trochlea
54
rounded anterior end of talus
The head
55
largest tarsal bone and forms the heel
Calcaneus
56
its upper surface has 3 smooth areas that form joints with the talus
Calcaneus
57
enlarged posterior end
Calcaneal tuberosity
58
small but definite shelf of bone that project medially from the medial surface of the calcaneus immediately below the talus, which it helps to support
Sustentaculum tali
59
largest sesamoid bones
Patella
60
frequently present posterior to and above the lateral condyle of the femur
Fabella
61
often present in tendons on the plantar surfaces of the metatarsophalangeal joint of the great toe, second toe and sometimes in other toes
Fabella
62
bone to bone attachment
Ligament
63
bone to muscle attachment
Tendon
64
gliding joint (some authorities classified it as cartilaginous)
Sacroiliac joints
65
type of joint-Pubis Symphysis
cartilaginous joint
66
type of joint-Hip joints or coxal joints
ball and socket joint
67
- Head of the femur | - Cup shaped acetabulum of the hip bone
Hip joints or coxal joints
68
or the ligament of the femoral head is attached to the pit on the femoral head above and to the acetabular notch of the hip bone below
Round ligament (ligament teres)
69
Medial and lateral condyles of the femur articulating the medial and lateral condyle of tibia
Knee joints – hinge, double condylar, gliding joint
70
Patellar surface of the femur articulating with the patella
Knee joints – hinge, double condylar, gliding joint
71
2 flat half-moon shaped discs of cartilage with the knee joint
Menisci or semilunar cartilages
72
two band of fibrous tissue that pass up from the intercondylar part of tibia, one to each margin of the intercondylar fossa
Cruciate ligaments
73
is attached to the base of the patella
The tendon of the quadriceps femoris muscle
74
extends from the apex of the patella to the tibial tuberosity
Patellar ligaments
75
Fibular articular surface of the tibia
Superior tibiofibular joints – gliding joint
76
Articular surface on the medial margin of the head of fibula
Superior tibiofibular joints – gliding joint
77
Medial surface of the lower part of fibula
Inferior tibiofibular joints – cartilaginous joints
78
Fibular notch of the tibia
Inferior tibiofibular joints – cartilaginous joints
79
inferior articular surface of the tibia articulating with the trochlea of the talus, and the medial and lateral malleoli with the medial and lateral surfaces of the talus
Ankle joint – hinge joint
80
Head of metatarsal bones
Metatarsophalangeal joints – condylar joints
81
Bases of phalanges
Metatarsophalangeal joints – condylar joints
82
Head of one phalanx
Interphalangeal joints – hinge joints
83
type of joint-Intertarsal joints
gliding joints
84
Base of another phalanx
Interphalangeal joints – hinge joints
85
type of joint-Tarsometatarsal joints
gliding joints
86
visible when the foot is viewed on the medial border
Longitudinal arch
87
formed by the tarsal and metatarsal bone
Longitudinal arch
88
curved form the medial side towards the lateral side
Transverse arch or anterior arch
89
femoral head lies outside of and above the acetabulum
Congenital dislocation
90
patella may present as 2 separate bones
Bipartite patella
91
a small triangular bone posterior to the talus has formed from a separate epiphysis to that of the talus, and has failed to unite with it
• Os trigonum

RT 211 (23 decks)

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