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RT 211 > 3.2 Bones of the Lower Limb > Flashcards

3.2 Bones of the Lower Limb Flashcards

1
Q

Pelvic Girdle

A
  • Right hip bone or os coxae or innominate bone

- Left hip bone or os coxae or innominate bone

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2
Q

3 fused bones

A
  • Ilium (2/5)
  • Ischium (2/5)
  • Pubis (1/5)
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3
Q

Pelvis

A
  • Right hip bone
  • Left hip bone
  • Sacrum
  • Coccyx
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4
Q

Thigh

A
  • Femur or thigh bone

- Patella or knee cap

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5
Q

Leg or Crus

A
  • Tibia or shin bone

- Fibula or calf bone

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6
Q

a large irregular bone that connects the lower limb to the trunk

A

Hip bone

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7
Q

a deep circular cup shaped depression on the lateral surface of the hip bone below its middle

A

Acetabulum

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8
Q

a gap on the inferior margin of the rim of acetabulum

A

Acetabulum notch

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9
Q

a flat central part of the acetabulum

A

Acetabular fossa

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10
Q

large opening in the inferior part of the hip bone between the pubis and ischium

A

Obturator foramen

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11
Q

it forms the upper two-fifths of the acetabulum, and all of the hip bone above it

A

Ilium or flank bone

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12
Q

is the thin flattened upper part of the ilium above the body

A

Ala or wing

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13
Q

upper curved border of the ala

A

Iliac crest

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14
Q

concave inner surface of the wing of ilium

A

Iliac fossa

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15
Q

a rough, ear-shaped part posterior to the iliac fossa that articulates with the upper lateral part of the sacrum

A

Auricular surface

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16
Q

four spines of the ilium

A

ASIS, AIIS, PSIS, PIIS

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17
Q

forms the lower two-fifths of the acetabulum and that part of the hip bone below and dorsal to the acetabulum

A

Ischium

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18
Q

pointed process that extends dorsally and medially from the body of the ischium

A

Ischial spine

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19
Q

large rounded process on the posterior surface of the lower end of the body of ischium

A

Ischial tuberosity

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20
Q

forms the anterior one-fifth of the acetabulum and the anterior part of the hip bone in front of the acetabulum and obturator foramen

A

Pubis

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21
Q

a very small process on the superior margin of the pubic bone slightly lateral to the pubic symphysis

A

Pubic tubercle

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22
Q

small ridge on the upper margin extending from the symphysis to the pubic tubercle

A

Pubic crest

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23
Q

is the curved surface formed by the medial margins of both inferior rami of the pubic bones and the lower border of the symphysis pubis

A

Pubic arch

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24
Q

a hollow curved cylinder with bony walls, at the inferior end of the vertebral column

A

Pelvis (Latin = basin)

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25
Q

a ridge of bone that begins at the upper margin of the symphysis pubis

A

Linea terminalis (terminal line)

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26
Q

pelvic rim or inlet, Heart-shaped opening into the true pelvis

A

Superior aperture (opening)

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27
Q

an opening at the lower end of the pelvis composed of the incomplete bony ring and ligaments

A

Inferior aperture or outlet

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28
Q

is the cavity located between the inlet and outlet

A

True pelvis – or minor pelvis

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29
Q

lies above the plane of the inlet

A

False pelvis – or major pelvis

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30
Q

a deep notch on the posterior margin of the hip bone

A

Greater Sciatic notch

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31
Q

is a long bone, and the longest bone in the body, extending from the hip to the knee

A

Femur

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32
Q

small but definite hole at the center of the head

A

Fovea capitis femoris

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33
Q

large prominence on the lateral surface of the upper femur

A

Greater trochanter

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34
Q

much smaller rounded process that extends medially from the posteromedial margin of the upper femur at the junction of the neck and shaft

A

Lesser trochanter

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35
Q

is a ridge of bone that passes obliquely across the back of the upper femur between the greater and lesser trochanters

A

Intertrochanteric crest

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36
Q

a ridge that extends obliquely across the anterior surface of the upper femur

A

Intertrochanteric line

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37
Q

rounded process forming the lateral part of the distal end of the femur

A

Lateral condyle

38
Q

a deep notch located between the posterior parts of the femoral condyles

A

Intercondylar fossa

39
Q

a small process on the medial surface of the medial epicondyle of the femur

A

Adductor tubercle

40
Q

is a sesamoid bone lying within the tendon of the quadriceps muscle tendon. It is a flat rounded bone and lies anterior to the knee joint

41
Q

large sturdy bone and lies medial to the fibula

42
Q

a small, double pointed process on the proximal end of the tibia, located between the articular surfaces of the medial and lateral condyles of the tibia

A

Intercondylar eminence

43
Q

rounded prominence on the anterior surface of the tibia below the condyles

A

Tibial tuberosity

44
Q

a small, smooth rounded area on the posterolateral border of the lateral tibial condyle

A

Fibular articular surface (fibular facet)

45
Q

a four sided smooth surface on the distal end of the tibia

A

Inferior articular surface

46
Q

projects down from the medial margin of the tibia. It reaches about one-half inch below the level of the ankle joint

A

Medial malleolus

47
Q

a concave depression on the lateral surface of the tibia just above the ankle joint

A

Fibular notch

48
Q

long slender bone lying on the lateral side of the tibia and parallel to it

49
Q

pointed upper end of the head

A

Apex or styloid process of the fibula

50
Q

distal expanded end of the fibula. Its tip is at lower level than the medial malleolus

A

Lateral malleolus

51
Q

is sometimes referred to a ankle bone. It lies between the distal end of the tibia and the calcaneus, transmitting body weight to the calcaneus

A

Talus or astragalus

52
Q

the inferior surface of the talus has 3 articular surfaces that form joints with the smooth articular surfaces of the calcaneus

A

Talus or astragalus

53
Q

upper smooth convex surface that articulates with the lower end of the tibia

54
Q

rounded anterior end of talus

55
Q

largest tarsal bone and forms the heel

56
Q

its upper surface has 3 smooth areas that form joints with the talus

57
Q

enlarged posterior end

A

Calcaneal tuberosity

58
Q

small but definite shelf of bone that project medially from the medial surface of the calcaneus immediately below the talus, which it helps to support

A

Sustentaculum tali

59
Q

largest sesamoid bones

60
Q

frequently present posterior to and above the lateral condyle of the femur

61
Q

often present in tendons on the plantar surfaces of the metatarsophalangeal joint of the great toe, second toe and sometimes in other toes

62
Q

bone to bone attachment

63
Q

bone to muscle attachment

64
Q

gliding joint (some authorities classified it as cartilaginous)

A

Sacroiliac joints

65
Q

type of joint-Pubis Symphysis

A

cartilaginous joint

66
Q

type of joint-Hip joints or coxal joints

A

ball and socket joint

67
Q
  • Head of the femur

- Cup shaped acetabulum of the hip bone

A

Hip joints or coxal joints

68
Q

or the ligament of the femoral head is attached to the pit on the femoral head above and to the acetabular notch of the hip bone below

A

Round ligament (ligament teres)

69
Q

Medial and lateral condyles of the femur articulating the medial and lateral condyle of tibia

A

Knee joints – hinge, double condylar, gliding joint

70
Q

Patellar surface of the femur articulating with the patella

A

Knee joints – hinge, double condylar, gliding joint

71
Q

2 flat half-moon shaped discs of cartilage with the knee joint

A

Menisci or semilunar cartilages

72
Q

two band of fibrous tissue that pass up from the intercondylar part of tibia, one to each margin of the intercondylar fossa

A

Cruciate ligaments

73
Q

is attached to the base of the patella

A

The tendon of the quadriceps femoris muscle

74
Q

extends from the apex of the patella to the tibial tuberosity

A

Patellar ligaments

75
Q

Fibular articular surface of the tibia

A

Superior tibiofibular joints – gliding joint

76
Q

Articular surface on the medial margin of the head of fibula

A

Superior tibiofibular joints – gliding joint

77
Q

Medial surface of the lower part of fibula

A

Inferior tibiofibular joints – cartilaginous joints

78
Q

Fibular notch of the tibia

A

Inferior tibiofibular joints – cartilaginous joints

79
Q

inferior articular surface of the tibia articulating with the trochlea of the talus, and the medial and lateral malleoli with the medial and lateral surfaces of the talus

A

Ankle joint – hinge joint

80
Q

Head of metatarsal bones

A

Metatarsophalangeal joints – condylar joints

81
Q

Bases of phalanges

A

Metatarsophalangeal joints – condylar joints

82
Q

Head of one phalanx

A

Interphalangeal joints – hinge joints

83
Q

type of joint-Intertarsal joints

A

gliding joints

84
Q

Base of another phalanx

A

Interphalangeal joints – hinge joints

85
Q

type of joint-Tarsometatarsal joints

A

gliding joints

86
Q

visible when the foot is viewed on the medial border

A

Longitudinal arch

87
Q

formed by the tarsal and metatarsal bone

A

Longitudinal arch

88
Q

curved form the medial side towards the lateral side

A

Transverse arch or anterior arch

89
Q

femoral head lies outside of and above the acetabulum

A

Congenital dislocation

90
Q

patella may present as 2 separate bones

A

Bipartite patella

91
Q

a small triangular bone posterior to the talus has formed from a separate epiphysis to that of the talus, and has failed to unite with it

A

• Os trigonum

RT 211 (23 decks)

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