3.2.2.1 Spectrum of Disease for M. tuberculosis Flashcards
MOT?
Inhalation of aerosol
Once TB enters the body, where does it go first?
Alveoli
What happens in alveoli that contains TB?
Crates granuloma formation (Scarring)
How granuloma forms?
- Macrophage eats TB
- TB replicates in the Macrophage
- Cell lysis
- Activates macrophage and T cells (Presence of Interleukins and lymphokines to enhance the activation of macrophage)
- This then wall off the TB and cell debris
- Granuloma
90-95% of individual may get?
Granuloma formation
5-10% of individuals may progress to?
Cavitary TB
What happens in Cavitary TB?
The cavities opens in to the bronchi to spread M. tuberculosis through coughing
NOTE: PRimary infections may sometimes healed but some may lead to reactivation
Who are the individuals that are prone to reactivation?
Immunocompromised patients
Patients undergoing chemotherapy
Smoking (Predisposing factor)
Granulomatous lesions formed from accumulation of macrophage, lymphocytes, etc.
Granuloma or tubercles
Formation of “Cheese like masses” from break down of tubercles and damaged tissue (Necrosis)
Severe type
Casaetion
Low antigen but high hypersensitivity
Granuloma or tubercle
Both high in antigen and hypersensitivity?
Casaetion
What happens if the cell immunity is suppressed?
Reactivation
Example of individual who have suppressed cell immunity?
Immunocompromised patients
Malnutrition
Advanced aging
Patients with diabetes
What are the symptoms of suppressed cell imunity?
Low grade fever
Night Sweats
Chills
Fatigue
Anorexia
Weight loss
Cough
Chest pain
Hemoptysis
Causative agent of tuberculosis?
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
What do you call TB in the lung?
Pulmonary Tuberculosis
Term for extrapulmonary/disseminated TB?
Miliary TB
Example of Miliary TB?
Kidney, GUT
Lymph nodes
CNS (Bacterial, Fungal TB meningitis)
Arthritis (Bone TB)
Body cavities
Larynx
Bone (Pott Disease)
What are the Central nervous system term that causes TB?
Bacterial TB meningitis
Fungal TB meningitis
Symptoms of Bacterial TB meningitis?
Severe headache
Difference of treatment of pulmonary TB and Bacterial TB meningitis?
6 months = Pulmonary TB
1 year / 12 months = Bacterial TB meningitis
Can get infected through exposure from manure/poop of kalapati
Fungal TB meningitis
Other term for arthritis on Miliary TB?
Bone TB
Disease that has skeletal TB of the spine?
Pott disease
