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Bacte Lec [Midterms] > 1.2.1 Nocardia > Flashcards

1.2.1 Nocardia Flashcards

1
Q

What is the gaseous composition of Nocardia?

A

Obligate aerobe

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2
Q

What catalase positive or negative is Nocardia?

A

Positive

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3
Q

What is the gram stain of Nocardia and it’s appearance?

A

Gram-positive filamentous rods

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4
Q

Is it weakly acid fast?

A

Yes

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5
Q

Nocardia’s peptidoglycan contains?

A

m-DAP (meso-diaminopimelic acid)
Arabinose
Galactose

(MAGazine)

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6
Q

What individual does Nocardia usually infects?

A

Immunocompromised patients

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7
Q

What are the 2 types of Filamentous forms of Nocardia?

A

Substrate hyphae
Aerial hyphae

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8
Q

A filamentous forms or formed branches filaments of hyphae that extend along the agar surface or into the agar

A

Substrate hyphae

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9
Q

Produced or formed branched filaments or hyphae that extend into the air

A

aerial hyphae

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10
Q

What is the life cycle of Nocardia?

A
  1. Germination
  2. Substrate hyphae
  3. Aerial hyphae
  4. Coiling
  5. Septation
  6. Spore mutation
  7. Spore release
  8. Free spore
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11
Q

What are the Most commonly encountered Nocardia species?

A

asteroides
brasiliensis
farcinica
nova

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12
Q

What are the human pathogens of Nocardia spp.?

A

asteroides
brasiliensis

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13
Q

Less commonly encountered Nocardia are?

A

otitidiscaviarum
pseudobrasiliensis
abscessus
africana
transvalensis

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14
Q

What are the virulence factor for Nocardia?

A

Superoxide dismutase and catalase
Nocobactin

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15
Q

A virulence factor of nocardia that provides resistance t oxidative killing by phagocytosis

A

Superoxide dismutase and catalase

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16
Q

What is Nocobactin?

A

Iron chelating compound (Iron Competing)

(Responsible for more severe type of infection)

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17
Q

What is the clinical infection of Nocardia?

A

Nocardiosis

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18
Q

What do you call a pulmonary infection for nocardia?

A

Confluent Bronchopneumonia

19
Q

Causative agent of Confluent Bronchopneumonia

A

Nocardia asteroides

20
Q

A type of pneumonia that causes granuloma, scar, and encapsulation of abscess

A

Confluent pneumonia

21
Q

A severe type of pneumonia that causes damage in the tissues

A

Confluent bronchopneumonia

22
Q

What is the difference of treatment for tuberculosis and confluent bronchopneumonia?

A

TB: 6 months
Confluent bronchopneumonia: within a year

23
Q

What is the cutaneous infection for nocardia that causes major destruction of the tissue and bone or trauma of the skin

A

Actinomycotic mycetomas

24
Q

Characterized by swelling, draining sinuses and granules

A

Mycetomas

25
Q

Actinomycotic mycetomas pus characterized as?

A

pigmented and contains sulfur granules

26
Q

Causative agent of Actinomycotic mycetomas?

A

Nocardia brasiliensis

27
Q

Specimen for Actinomycotic mycetomas?

A

Scrape or Abscess aspirate (Pus)

28
Q

What is the indicator for actinomycotic mycetomas?

A

Sulfur granules

29
Q

What is the specimen for Confluent bronchopneumonia?

A

Sputum

30
Q

In microscopic characteristics, is nocardia considered gram variable?

A

Yes

31
Q

What are the factors of branching filamentous formation of actinomycetes?

A

Incubation period
Temperature time

32
Q

Why incubation period is a factor for branching filamentous formation?

A

The longer the incubation, the higher the tendency of creating filamentous type of colony

33
Q

Why temperature time is a factor for branching filamentous formation?

A

if supported with temp = longer and creates different forms of filaments

34
Q

How many sulfuric acid contain in an partially acid fast bacilli?

A

0.5-1% Sulfuric acid

35
Q

Acid alcohol is made up of?

A

Hydrochloric acid

36
Q

What is the replacement of HCl decolorizing agent

A

0.5 - 1% sulfuric acid

37
Q

Is Nocardia Beta hemolytic?

A

Yes

38
Q

What is the Characteristics of Nocardia colony?

A

Chalky
Matte
Velvety / Dry
Crumbly

39
Q

What is the temp of incubation for Nocardia and how many days?

A

22 or 37 for 3 - 6 days

40
Q

What is he reason for difference in temp for Nocardia?

A

Mold or yeast form

41
Q

What are the agars for Nocardia?

A

Buffered charcoal yeast extract agar
Thayer-Martin agar
Sabouraud’s agar
Mycosel agar

42
Q

A media for fungal or fungi yeast or fungal morphology?

A

Sabouraud’s and Mycosel

43
Q

Function of Thayer Martin agar for Nocardia?

A

Enhances growth (Sputum is supported in TMA)

Bacte Lec [Midterms] (93 decks)

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