2.9.2.1 Salmonella Enterica

Question 1

What are the Salmonella enterica subspecie?

Answer 1

typhi
paratyphi
choleraesius

Question 2

What are the Virulence factors of Salmonella enterica?

Answer 2

Fimbriae

Enterotoxin (Similar to ETEC) = (Diarrhea / gastroenteritis)

Transverse intestinal mucosa

Question 3

Primary antigenic structures used in serologic grouping of Salmonellae

Answer 3

O and H

Question 4

O antigen of Salmonellae indicates?

Answer 4

Active infection

Question 5

H antigen of Salmonellae indicates?

Answer 5

Post vaccination or previous infection

Question 6

What is type of K antigen is in Salmonella?

Answer 6

Vi antigen or Virulent antigen

Question 7

K antigen of salmonella indicates?

Answer 7

Patient is a carrier or asymptomatic

Question 8

What are clinical infections of Salmonella enterica?

Answer 8

Acute gastroenteritis (Food poisoning)
Enteric fever
Typhoid fever

Question 9

What is the infective dose of Salmonella enterica in Acute gastroenteritis?

Answer 9

10^6 CFU

Question 10

What will happen if the infective dose in greater than 10^6?

Answer 10

Severe infection

Question 11

Salmonellae that is responsible for a nationwide outbreak to Peanut butter-containing products

Answer 11

S. typhimurium

Question 12

Salmonella is usually present in what products?

Answer 12

Poultry
Egg
Milk

Question 13

Salmonella enterica is highly susceptible to the patients with?

Answer 13

Sickle cell disease
Ulcerative colitis and malignancy

Question 14

S. enterica causes _________ type of diarrhea

Answer 14

Systemic

Question 15

What individual is more prone to severe complications that may affect the bone marrow?

Answer 15

Immunocompromised patietns

Question 16

Clinical features include prolonged fever, bacteremia, involvement of RES and dissemination to multiple organs?

Enters blood stream then organs

Recurrent invasion

Answer 16

Enteric fever

Question 17

Severe type of enteric fever caused by Salmonella typhi

Answer 17

Typhoid fever

Question 18

Typhoid fever is isolated in what specimen?

Answer 18

Blood (Wk 1-2)
Stool (Wk 2-3)
Urine (Wk 3-4)

Question 19

Typhoid fever can be detected when the patient has previous infection through?

Answer 19

Vi or K antigen

Question 20

What is the Incubation time of Salmonella enterica subspp. typhi?

Answer 20

9-14 days

Question 21

What is the 1st week of infection for Typhoid fever?

Answer 21

Bacteremia
Ingestion in the mouth then enter blood stream

Question 22

In the 2nd week of typhoid fever, where does the S. typhi penetrate to what system?

Answer 22

Reticuloendothelial system

Question 23

What are the organs of Reticuloendothelial system?

Answer 23

Liver (Foci of necrosis)
Spleen
Bone marrow

Question 24

What happen if S. typhi infects spleen?

Answer 24

Splenomegaly

Question 25

What happens in 2nd and 3rd week of S. typhi

Answer 25

Involves in different organs

Question 26

Process in 2nd to third week of S. typhi

Answer 26

Leave from RES then goes back to Lymphatic circulation then invades GIT

Question 27

What happens if S. typhi invades GIT?

Answer 27

causes rash around the umbilical cord called rose spot Intestinal bleeding / Ulceration (Peyer's patches)

Question 28

What happens in 3rd week of infection of Salmonella typhi?

Answer 28

Goes back to intestine

Question 29

What happens in 4th week of infection of Salmonella typhi?

Answer 29

Goes to gallbladder which may cause severe infection or in Carrier state Chronic State and infection and may involve other parts of the body

Question 30

What is being collected on the 1st week of S. typhi infection?

Answer 30

Blood

Question 31

What is being collected on the 2nd-3rd week of S. typhi infection?

Answer 31

Stool

Question 32

What is being collected on the 3rd - 4th week of S. typhi infection?

Answer 32

Urine

Question 33

When will the patient with S. typi be in a Carrier state?

Answer 33

4th week

Question 34

Other enteric fevers may caused by?

Answer 34

paratyphi choleraesuis

Question 35

Prolonged fever with intermittent bacteremia

Answer 35

Nontyphoid bacteremia

Question 36

Nontyphoid bacteremia is associated with?

Answer 36

typhimurium paratyphi choleraesuisy

Question 37

What is the indication for 3rd to 4th week for Typhoid fever?

Answer 37

Rose spots