3 Injury Prevention and rehabilitation of Injury

Question 1

Acute Injury

Answer 1

A sudden injury caused by a specific impact

Sudden severe pain that causes swelling, deformation and can be non-weight barring

Question 2

Chronic Injuries

Answer 2

Often referred to as over-use injuries

stress fracture
Achilles tendinitis
tennis elbow

Question 3

Fractures

Answer 3

A break or crack in a bone is a fracture

Question 4

Dislocations

Answer 4

When the ends of bones are forced out of position

Question 5

Strains

Answer 5

When muscle fibres are stretched too far and tear

Question 6

Sprain

Answer 6

When the ligament is stretched too far or tears

Question 7

Achilles Tendonitis

Answer 7

Over-use injury that causes pain and inflammation of the tendon at the back of the ankle

Question 8

Stress fracture

Answer 8

Over-use injury where the area becomes tender and swollen. Tiny crack caused fatigued muscle transferring the stress overload to bone

Question 9

Medical term for tennis elbow

Answer 9

Lateral epicondylitis

Question 10

Tennis elbow

Answer 10

Overuse injury that occurs in the muscles attached to the elbow causing them to become inflamed and tiny tears occur

Question 11

Injury prevention methods

Answer 11

Screening, protective equipment, warm up, flexibility training and taping and bracing

Question 12

Screening

Answer 12

. Tests or questions to identify any problems
. This can identify musculoskeletal injuries prior to performance
. An ECG (electrocardiogram) can assess and monitor the heart

Question 13

Protective equipment

Answer 13

Correct equipment worn. (gum shield, shin pads and helmet)

Must fit correctly

Question 14

Warm up

Answer 14

CVF phase, stretching and sport specific phase

Raises body’s muscle temperature, blood flow increases, incr elasticity of muscles, joints and tendons warm up, hr incr and breathing rate increases

Question 15

Flexibility training

Answer 15

Combination of active, passive static and ballistic stretches

Question 16

Taping and Bracing

Answer 16

Taping a weak joint can help with support and stability to reduce the risk of injury

Bracing gives extra stability to muscles and joints that are weak or injured

Question 17

Proprioceptive training

Answer 17

Teaches proprioceptors in the muscles tendons and joints to control the position of a deficient or injured joint.

Wobble board may be used to retrain this area

Question 18

Strength training

Answer 18

Resistance training preparing the body for exercise

Question 19

Hyperbaric Chambers

Answer 19

Reduces recovery time where there is 100% pure oxygen. The pressure increases the oxygen inhaled and absorbed into the injured area.

Excess oxygen dissolves into blood plasma reducing swelling as haemoglobin becomes saturated with o2

Question 20

Cryotherapy

Answer 20

The use of cold temperatures to treat an injury

Limits pain and swelling through vasoconstriction

Question 21

Hydrotherapy

Answer 21

35-37 degrees

Improves blood circulation and relieves pain

Buoyancy of the water reduces the load on the joints

Question 22

Recovery methods

Answer 22

Compression garments, massage, foam rollers, cold therapy, ice baths and cryotherapy

Question 23

Non REM sleep

Answer 23

Means there is no rapid eye movement. It consists of three stages of sleep which get progressively deeper

Question 24

Add effect of sleep, nutrition and more info on recovery methods

Question 25

Screening purposes

Answer 25

identifying injuries (past, current, prevent future)
identify muscle imbalances
identify complications (such as cardiac risks or other risks)
can help make suitable rehabilitation programmes

Question 26

Screening disadvantages

Answer 26

some tests lack accuracy and can therefore may miss a problem
can identify a problem that doesn’t exist (false positives)
can also increase anxiety when an athlete finds out they have a health problem or are more susceptible to injury