1.4 The musculoskeletal system ad analysis of movement in physical activities Flashcards
Order of vertebrae
Cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacrum and coccyx
Ball and socket joint (movement)
Allows movement in every direction. This allows for flexion, extension, abduction, adduction and rotation at the hip and shoulder
Articulating
Refers to the bones that meet and move at the joint
Ball and socket joint articulating bones
Hip - Femur and pelvis
Shoulder - Humerus and scapula
Hinge joint
This joint only allows movement in one direction due to bone shape only allowing for flexion and extension in the knee, ankle and elbow
Hinge joint articulating bones
Elbow - Humerus, radius and ulna
Knee - Femur and tibia
Ankle - Talus, tibia and fibula
Agonist
The muscle that is responsible for the movement that is occurring
Antagonist
The muscle that works in opposite to the agonist (to help produce a co-ordinated movement)
Concentric contraction
When a muscle shortens under tension
Eccentric contraction
When a muscle lengthens under tension or performs negative work and acts like a break
Isometric contraction
When a muscle is under tension but there is no visible movement
Upper body muscles (front of body) 5
Anterior deltoid, middle deltoid, pectoralis major , pectoralis minor and bicep brachii
Upper body muscles (back of body) 6
Posterior deltoid, tricep brachii, latissimus dorsi, trapezius, teres major + minor and rhomboid major + minor
Lower body muscles (front of body)
Iliopas, adductor longus, rectus femoris (middle part of quad), vastus lateralis (outside part of the quad), vastus medialis (the small part on the inside) and tibialis anterior
Lower body muscles (back of the body) 8
Gluteus medius, gluteus maximus, adductor magnus, bicep femoris (outside hamstring), semitendinosus (middle hammy), semimebranosus (inside hammy), gastrocnemius and soleus
