23 Economie 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

L’ÉCONOMIE

A

THE ECONOMY

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2
Q

les choix économiques

A

economic choices

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3
Q

la libre entreprise

A

free enterprise

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4
Q

le libéralisme

A

liberalism [ˈlɪbərəlɪzəm]

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5
Q

une économie libérale, une économie de marché

A

a free market economy

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6
Q

le libre-échange

A

free trade

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7
Q

le protectionnisme

A

protectionism [prəˈtekʃənɪzəm]

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8
Q

la privatisation

A

privatization [ˌpraɪvɪˌtaɪˈzeɪʃən]

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9
Q

privatiser

A

to privatize [ˈpraɪvɪˌtaɪz]

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10
Q

la planification

A

planning [ˈplænɪŋ]

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11
Q

planifier

A

to plan [plæn]

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12
Q

une économie dirigée

A

a state-run economy • a state-controlled economy

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13
Q

le dirigisme

A

state intervention

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14
Q

la nationalisation

A

nationalization [ˌnæʃnəlaɪˈzeɪʃən]

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15
Q

nationaliser

A

to nationalize [ˈnæʃnəlaɪz]

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16
Q

les industries nationalisées

A

the nationalized industries

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17
Q

une entreprise publique

A

a state-owned company • a state-controlled company

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18
Q

étatiser (industrie, entreprise)

A

to bring* under state control • to bring* under government control

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19
Q

une économie mixte

A

a mixed economy

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20
Q

le monétarisme

A

monetarism [ˈmʌnɪtərɪzəm]

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21
Q

monétaire

A

monetary [ˈmʌnɪtərɪ]

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22
Q

un(e) monétariste

A

a monetarist [ˈmʌnɪtərɪst]

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23
Q

les dépenses publiques

A

public spending (n. c.) • government spending (n. c.)

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24
Q

un emprunt d’État

A

a government loan

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25
Q

lancer un emprunt

A

to issue a loan

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26
Q

une subvention

A

a subsidy [ˈsʌbsɪdɪ]

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27
Q

subventionner

A

to subsidize [ˈsʌbsɪdaɪz]

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28
Q

la balance commerciale

A

the balance of trade

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29
Q

la balance des paiements

A

the balance of payments

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30
Q

le produit national brut

A

the gross national product

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31
Q

le PNB

A

the GNP [ˌdʒiːenˈpiː]

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32
Q

le produit intérieur brut

A

the gross domestic product

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33
Q

le PIB

A

the GDP [dʒiːdiːˈpiː]

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34
Q

l’indice des prix à la consommation

A

the retail price index

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35
Q

le secteur public / privé

A

the public / private sector

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36
Q

le secteur primaire

A

primary industry

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37
Q

le secteur secondaire

A

manufacturing • secondary industry

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38
Q

le secteur tertiaire

A

the service industries • tertiary industry

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39
Q

la conjoncture économique

A

the economic situation

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40
Q

économique (enjeu, problème)

A

economic [ˌiːkəˈnɒmɪk]

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41
Q

la croissance

A

growth [grəʊθ]

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42
Q

le taux de croissance

A

the growth rate

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43
Q

être en plein essor

A

to boom [buːm]

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44
Q

l’essor économique

A

the economic boom

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45
Q

une forte progression des ventes / de la production

A

a boom in sales / production

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46
Q

la récession

A

the recession [rɪˈseʃən] • the slump [slʌmp]

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47
Q

le marasme

A

stagnation [stægˈneɪʃən]

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48
Q

le déficit budgétaire

A

the budget deficit

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49
Q

un déficit commercial

A

a trade deficit • a trade gap

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50
Q

une baisse des ventes

A

a downturn in sales

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51
Q

une chute de la demande

A

a slump in demand

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52
Q

une série de mesures économiques

A

an economic package

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53
Q

une politique d’austérité

A

austerity measures (plur.)

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54
Q

relancer

A

to boost [buːst]

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55
Q

relancer l’économie

A

to boost the economy • to reflate the economy

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56
Q

la relance économique

A

reflation [riːˈfleɪʃən]

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57
Q

des mesures de relance

A

reflationary measures

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58
Q

le redressement économique

A

the economic recovery

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59
Q

la reprise économique

A

the economic revival

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60
Q

l’inflation

A

inflation [ɪnˈfleɪʃən]

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61
Q

inflationniste

A

inflationary [ɪnˈfleɪʃnərɪ]

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62
Q

la déflation

A

deflation [diːˈfleɪʃən]

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63
Q

la dévaluation

A

devaluation [ˌdɪvæljʊˈeɪʃən]

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64
Q

dévaluer

A

to devalue [ˈdiːˈvæljuː]

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65
Q

la réévaluation

A

revaluation [riːˌvæljʊˈeɪʃən]

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66
Q

réévaluer

A

to revalue [ˈriːˈvæljuː]

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67
Q

la Bourse

A

the stock exchange

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68
Q

un portefeuille

A

a portfolio [pɔːtˈfəʊlɪəʊ]

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69
Q

une action

A

a share [ʃɛəʳ]

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70
Q

des actions

A

stocks and shares

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71
Q

les valeurs, les titres

A

securities [sɪˈkjʊərɪtɪz]

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72
Q

des grandes valeurs de la cote

A

[BR] gilt-edged securities • [AM] blue chips

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73
Q

détenir des actions de

A

[BR] to hold* shares in • [AM] to have stock in

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74
Q

un(e) actionnaire

A

[BR] a shareholder [ˈʃɛəʳˌhəʊldəʳ] • [AM] a stockholder [ˈstɒkˌhəʊldəʳ]

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75
Q

une participation financière

A

a stake [steɪk] • a holding [ˈhəʊldɪŋ] • an interest [ˈɪntrɪst]

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76
Q

prendre une participation majoritaire

A

to take* a majority shareholding

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77
Q

une obligation

A

a bond [bɒnd] • a debenture [dɪˈbentʃəʳ]

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78
Q

une obligation d’État

A

a government bond

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79
Q

les fonds d’État

A

government securities

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80
Q

un dividende

A

a dividend [ˈdɪvɪdend]

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81
Q

la Bourse (des valeurs)

A

[BR] the stock exchange • [AM] the stock market

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82
Q

le marché à règlement mensuel

A

the forward market

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83
Q

le marché au comptant

A

the spot market • the cash market

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84
Q

l’indice des valeurs boursières

A

the share index

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85
Q

l’indice Dow-Jones

A

the Dow-Jones average

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86
Q

une monnaie

A

a currency [ˈkʌrənsɪ]

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87
Q

les devises étrangères

A

foreign currency

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88
Q

le taux de change

A

the rate of exchange • the exchange rate

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89
Q

le marché des changes

A

the foreign exchange market

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90
Q

un(e) cambiste

A

a foreign exchange dealer

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91
Q

un agent de change

A

a stockbroker [ˈstɒkbrəʊkəʳ]

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92
Q

une société de Bourse

A

a firm of stockbrokers

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93
Q

être coté (en Bourse)

A

to be quoted • to be listed

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94
Q

une cotation

A

a quotation [kwəʊˈteɪʃən]

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95
Q

une émission

A

an issue [ˈɪʃuː] • a flotation [fləʊˈteɪʃən]

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96
Q

les échanges, les transactions

A

trading [ˈtreɪdɪŋ] (n. c.)

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97
Q

s’apprécier, prendre de la valeur

A

to appreciate [əˈpriːʃɪeɪt]

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98
Q

perdre de sa valeur

A

to depreciate [dɪˈpriːʃɪeɪt]

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99
Q

le dollar a augmenté / baissé de 9 %

A

the dollar has risen / fallen by 9 %

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100
Q

la hausse du dollar par rapport à la livre

A

the rise of the dollar against the pound

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101
Q

se redresser

A

to rally [ˈrælɪ]

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102
Q

les cours se sont redressés

A

the market has rallied

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103
Q

le marché est stable

A

the market is steady

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104
Q

la fluctuation

A

fluctuation [ˌflʌktjʊˈeɪʃən]

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105
Q

fluctuer

A

to fluctuate [ˈflʌktjʊeɪt]

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106
Q

un marché haussier / baissier

A

a bull / bear market

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107
Q

le cours d’ouverture / de clôture

A

the opening / closing price

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108
Q

l’effondrement du marché

A

the collapse of the market

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109
Q

un krach

A

a crash [kræʃ]

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110
Q

spéculer sur

A

to speculate in [ˈspekjʊleɪt]

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111
Q

un(e) spéculateur (-trice)

A

a speculator [ˈspekjʊleɪtəʳ]

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112
Q

les banques

A

banks

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113
Q

la finance

A

finance [faɪˈnæns]

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114
Q

la haute finance

A

high finance

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115
Q

un financier

A

a financier [faɪˈnænsɪəʳ]

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116
Q

la banque

A

banking [ˈbæŋkɪŋ]

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117
Q

un banquier

A

a banker [ˈbæŋkəʳ]

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118
Q

l’argent

A

money [ˈmʌnɪ]

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119
Q

un billet (de banque)

A

[BR] a (bank)note [(ˈbæŋk)nəʊt] • [AM] a (treasury) bill

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120
Q

un billet de 100 euros

A

a 100-euro note

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121
Q

une pièce

A

a coin [kɔɪn]

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122
Q

une pièce de 10 centimes

A

a 10-cent coin

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123
Q

la monnaie

A

change [tʃeɪndʒ]

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124
Q

faire à qqn la monnaie de 50 euros

A

to give sb change for 50 euros

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125
Q

changer un billet de 50 francs

A

to change a 50-euro note

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126
Q

faire de la monnaie

A

to get* change

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127
Q

de la petite monnaie

A

small change

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128
Q

des petites / grosses coupures

A

small / large notes • notes of large / small denomination

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129
Q

un compte bancaire

A

a bank account

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130
Q

un compte courant

A

[BR] a current account • [AM] a checking account

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131
Q

un compte sur livret

A

a savings account • [BR] a deposit account

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132
Q

ouvrir un compte dans une banque

A

to open an account with a bank

133
Q

fermer un compte

A

to close an account

134
Q

Quelle est votre banque ?

A

Where do you bank?

135
Q

j’ai un compte chez eux

A

I bank with them

136
Q

une carte de crédit

A

a credit card

137
Q

un chèque

A

[BR] a cheque [tʃek] • [AM] a check

138
Q

un chèque de 500 euros

A

[BR] a cheque for 500 euros • [AM] a check in the amount of 500 euros

139
Q

un chéquier

A

[BR] a chequebook • [AM] a checkbook

140
Q

faire un chèque

A

to write* a cheque

141
Q

faire à qqn un chèque de 4 000 euros

A

to write* sb a cheque for 4,000 euros

142
Q

libeller un chèque à l’ordre de qqn

A

to make* a cheque out to sb

143
Q

barrer un chèque

A

to cross a cheque

144
Q

c’était un chèque en bois

A

the cheque bounced (parlé)

145
Q

un chèque sans provision

A

a bad cheque • a dud cheque (parlé)

146
Q

toucher un chèque

A

to cash a cheque

147
Q

faire un versement

A

to make* a deposit

148
Q

verser 900 euros sur son compte

A

to deposit 900 euros in one’s account

149
Q

créditer un compte de 3 000 euros

A

to credit an account with 3,000 euros

150
Q

verser un chèque à un compte

A

to pay* a cheque into an account

151
Q

retirer de l’argent de

A

to withdraw* money from

152
Q

tirer de l’argent sur son compte

A

to draw* money from one’s account

153
Q

un code confidentiel

A

a PIN number

154
Q

un solde créditeur / débiteur

A

a credit / debit balance

155
Q

le compte est créditeur / débiteur de 500 euros

A

the account has a credit / debit of 500 euros

156
Q

un(e) débiteur (-trice)

A

a debtor [ˈdetəʳ]

157
Q

un(e) créancier (-ière)

A

a creditor [ˈkredɪtəʳ]

158
Q

un relevé bancaire

A

a (bank) statement

159
Q

avoir un découvert, être à découvert

A

[BR] to have an overdraft • to be overdrawn

160
Q

être dans le rouge

A

to be in the red (parlé)

161
Q

des agios

A

bank charges

162
Q

une traite de qqch. / sur qqch.

A

a draft of sth / on sth [drɑːft]

163
Q

prêter qqch. à qqn

A

to lend* sth to sb

164
Q

un prêt, un emprunt

A

a loan [ləʊn]

165
Q

un prêt immobilier

A

a mortgage [ˈmɔːgɪdʒ]

166
Q

emprunter de l’argent à

A

to borrow money from

167
Q

un organisme de prêt

A

a credit institution

168
Q

l’échéancier

A

the schedule of repayments

169
Q

un crédit immobilier

A

a mortgage [ˈmɔːgɪdʒ]

170
Q

souscrire un crédit immobilier

A

to take out a mortgage

171
Q

les remboursements de crédit immobilier

A

mortgage payments

172
Q

hypothéquer qqch.

A

to mortgage sth

173
Q

comme caution d’un prêt

A

as a security on a loan

174
Q

rembourser qqch.

A

to repay* sth

175
Q

une banque d’affaires

A

[BR] a merchant bank • [BR] a commercial bank • [AM] an investment bank

176
Q

le capital

A

capital [ˈkæpɪtl]

177
Q

les fonds

A

funds [fʌndz]

178
Q

investir dans

A

to invest in [ɪnˈvest]

179
Q

un investissement

A

an investment [ɪnˈvestmənt]

180
Q

un investisseur

A

an investor [ɪnˈvestəʳ]

181
Q

l’intérêt, les intérêts

A

interest [ˈɪntrɪst] (n. c.)

182
Q

les intérêts d’un placement

A

interest on an investment

183
Q

le taux d’intérêt

A

the interest rate

184
Q

6 % d’intérêt

A

6 % interest

185
Q

rapporter 6 %

A

to yield 6 %

186
Q

être d’un bon rapport

A

to give* a good return

187
Q

un directeur de banque

A

a bank manager

188
Q

un(e) employé(e) de banque

A

a bank clerk

189
Q

un(e) caissier (-ière)

A

[BR] a cashier [kæˈʃɪəʳ] • [AM] a teller [ˈteləʳ]

190
Q

un coffre-fort

A

[BR] a safe [seɪf] • [BR] a strong box • [AM] a safe deposit box

191
Q

la salle des coffres

A

the strongroom [ˈstrɒŋruːm] • the vault [vɔːlt]

192
Q

un distributeur automatique de billets

A

[BR] a cashpoint [ˈkæʃpɔɪnt] • [BR] a cash dispenser • [AM] an automatic teller

193
Q

les affaires

A

business

194
Q

une entreprise, une société

A

a company [ˈkʌmpənɪ]

195
Q

une affaire

A

a business [ˈbɪznɪs]

196
Q

une firme

A

a firm [fɜːm]

197
Q

les PME

A

small businesses

198
Q

une entreprise dont les services sont uniquement accessibles via Internet

A

a dotcom [ˈdɔtkɔm]

199
Q

le commerce électronique

A

e-commerce [ˈiːˌkɔmɜːs] • e-business [ˈiːˌbɪznɪs]

200
Q

être dans les affaires

A

to be in business

201
Q

diriger une affaire

A

to run* a business

202
Q

être dans le commerce de

A

to deal* in • to trade in

203
Q

commercial

A

commercial [kəˈmɜːʃəl]

204
Q

les échanges commerciaux

A

trade [treɪd] (n. c.) • trading [ˈtreɪdɪŋ] (n. c.)

205
Q

un accord commercial

A

a trade agreement • a trading agreement

206
Q

un contrat

A

a contract [ˈkɒntrækt]

207
Q

signer / résilier un contrat

A

to sign / cancel a contract

208
Q

une rupture de contrat

A

a breach of contract

209
Q

un homme d’affaires

A

a businessman [ˈbɪznɪsˌmæn]

210
Q

une femme d’affaires

A

a businesswoman [ˈbɪznɪsˌwʊmən]

211
Q

un chef d’entreprise

A

the head of a company

212
Q

l’esprit d’entreprise

A

the entrepreneurial spirit

213
Q

créer une entreprise

A

to set* up a company

214
Q

s’établir à son compte

A

to set* up in business on one’s own • to set* up one’s own business

215
Q

une marque (produits manufacturés)

A

a make [meɪk]

216
Q

une marque (produits alimentaires)

A

a brand [brænd]

217
Q

une marque déposée

A

a registered trademark

218
Q

l’image de marque

A

the brand image

219
Q

un brevet

A

a patent [ˈpeɪtənt]

220
Q

la loi de l’offre et de la demande

A

the law of supply and demand

221
Q

la concurrence

A

competition [ˌkɒmpɪˈtɪʃən]

222
Q

la concurrence déloyale

A

unfair competition

223
Q

concurrencer qqn / qqch.

A

to compete with sb / sth

224
Q

un(e) concurrent(e)

A

a competitor [kəmˈpetɪtəʳ]

225
Q

concurrentiel, compétitif

A

competitive [kəmˈpetɪtɪv]

226
Q

des prix défiant toute concurrence

A

rock-bottom prices

227
Q

le marketing

A

marketing [ˈmɑːkɪtɪŋ]

228
Q

le marketing direct

A

direct marketing

229
Q

commercialiser

A

to market [ˈmɑːkɪt]

230
Q

faire une étude de marché

A

to do* some market research

231
Q

un débouché

A

an outlet [ˈaʊtlet]

232
Q

répondre aux besoins du client

A

to meet* the needs of the customer

233
Q

repérer un créneau

A

to see a gap in the market

234
Q

lancer un produit

A

to launch a product

235
Q

le marché intérieur

A

the home market • the domestic market

236
Q

s’établir sur de nouveaux marchés

A

to break* into new markets

237
Q

s’emparer d’un marché

A

to capture a market

238
Q

se tailler une part du marché

A

to carve out a share of the market

239
Q

s’implanter dans un marché

A

to establish o.s. in a market

240
Q

saturer le marché

A

to saturate the market

241
Q

une campagne promotionnelle

A

a sales drive

242
Q

un échantillon

A

a sample [ˈsɑːmpl]

243
Q

une foire commerciale, un salon

A

a trade fair

244
Q

la Foire du livre

A

the Book Fair

245
Q

le Salon de l’automobile

A

the Motor Show

246
Q

un exposant

A

an exhibitor [ɪgˈzɪbɪtəʳ]

247
Q

un bénéfice

A

a profit [ˈprɒfɪt]

248
Q

réaliser un bénéfice

A

to make* a profit

249
Q

la marge (sur un produit)

A

the mark-up

250
Q

une marge bénéficiaire

A

a profit margin

251
Q

une perte

A

a loss [lɒs]

252
Q

brut

A

gross [grəʊs]

253
Q

net

A

net [net]

254
Q

le chiffre d’affaires

A

the turnover [ˈtɜːnˌəʊvəʳ]

255
Q

les affaires marchent bien / mal

A

business is good / bad

256
Q

l’exercice financier

A

the financial year

257
Q

le bilan

A

the balance sheet

258
Q

l’actif

A

assets [ˈæsets] (plur.)

259
Q

le passif

A

liabilities [ˌlaɪəˈbɪlɪtɪz] (plur.)

260
Q

les recettes

A

receipts [rɪˈsiːts]

261
Q

les rentrées

A

takings [ˈteɪkɪŋz]

262
Q

les sorties

A

outgoings [ˈaʊtgəʊɪŋz]

263
Q

les frais généraux

A

overheads [ˌəʊvəˈhedz] • [BR] oncosts [ˈɒnkɒsts]

264
Q

un déficit

A

a deficit [ˈdefɪsɪt]

265
Q

être déficitaire

A

to be in deficit

266
Q

déposer son bilan

A

to go* into voluntary liquidation

267
Q

la liquidation judiciaire

A

compulsory liquidation

268
Q

faire faillite

A

to go* bankrupt

269
Q

la faillite

A

bankruptcy [ˈbæŋkrəptsɪ]

270
Q

renflouer une compagnie

A

to refloat a company

271
Q

un plan de sauvetage

A

a rescue plan

272
Q

un groupe

A

a group [gruːp]

273
Q

une multinationale

A

a multinational [ˌmʌltɪˈnæʃənl]

274
Q

une filiale

A

a subsidiary [səbˈsɪdɪərɪ]

275
Q

une succursale

A

a branch office

276
Q

le siège social

A

the head office

277
Q

la maison mère

A

the parent company

278
Q

une petite entreprise

A

a small business • a small-sized company

279
Q

≈ les PME

A

small and medium-sized companies

280
Q

une société par actions

A

a joint-stock company

281
Q

≈ une société anonyme

A

[BR] a public limited company • [AM] an incorporated company

282
Q

≈ Dupont & Cie S. A.

A

[BR] Dupont & Co. plc • [AM] Dupont & Co. Inc.

283
Q

un monopole

A

a monopoly [məˈnɒpəlɪ]

284
Q

un cartel

A

a cartel [kɑːˈtel]

285
Q

s’associer avec qqn

A

to go* into partnership with sb

286
Q

un(e) associé(e)

A

a partner [ˈpɑːtnəʳ]

287
Q

un commanditaire

A

a sleeping partner

288
Q

la direction

A

the management [ˈmænɪdʒmənt]

289
Q

le conseil d’administration

A

the board (of directors)

290
Q

un(e) administrateur (-trice)

A

a director [dɪˈrektəʳ]

291
Q

le PDG

A

[BR] the managing director • [AM] the chief executive officer

292
Q

un(e) directeur (-trice), un(e) gérant(e)

A

a manager [ˈmænɪdʒəʳ]

293
Q

le personnel

A

the staff [stɑːf]

294
Q

un cadre

A

an executive [ɪgˈzekjʊtɪv]

295
Q

un cadre supérieur

A

a senior executive • a senior manager

296
Q

les cadres

A

the managerial staff

297
Q

un(e) employé(e)

A

an employee [ˌɪmplɔɪˈiː]

298
Q

un service, un départment

A

a department [dɪˈpɑːtmənt]

299
Q

un chef de service

A

a head of department

300
Q

le chef du personnel

A

the personnel director • the personnel officer

301
Q

le service des ventes

A

the sales department

302
Q

le directeur commercial

A

the sales manager

303
Q

la force de vente

A

the sales force (sing.)

304
Q

un(e) représentant(e) (de commerce)

A

a sales representative • a rep

305
Q

la comptabilité

A

accounting [əˈkaʊntɪŋ] • book-keeping

306
Q

les livres de comptes

A

the books [bʊks]

307
Q

tenir les comptes

A

to keep* the books

308
Q

le grand livre

A

the ledger [ˈledʒəʳ]

309
Q

un(e) comptable

A

an accountant [əˈkaʊntənt]

310
Q

le service de la comptabilité

A

the accounts department

311
Q

un expert-comptable

A

[BR] a chartered accountant • [AM] a certified public accountant • [AM] a C.P.A. [ˌsiːpiːˈeɪ]

312
Q

gérer

A

to manage [ˈmænɪdʒ] • to run* [rʌn]

313
Q

la gestion

A

management [ˈmænɪdʒmənt]

314
Q

une bonne / mauvaise gestion

A

good / poor management

315
Q

une réunion

A

a meeting [ˈmiːtɪŋ]

316
Q

présider

A

to be in the chair

317
Q

présider une réunion

A

to chair a meeting

318
Q

à l’ordre du jour

A

on the agenda

319
Q

rédiger le compte rendu d’une réunion

A

to take* the minutes of a meeting

320
Q

prévoir

A

to plan [plæn]

321
Q

développer

A

to develop [dɪˈveləp]

322
Q

diversifier

A

to diversify [daɪˈvɜːsɪfaɪ]

323
Q

la compagnie a pour règle d’agir ainsi

A

it is company policy to do this

324
Q

racheter une entreprise

A

to buy* up a company • to take* over a company

325
Q

un rachat

A

a takeover [ˈteɪkˌəʊvəʳ]

326
Q

une OPA

A

a takeover bid

327
Q

une fusion d’entreprises

A

a (company) merger

328
Q

fusionner

A

to merge [mɜːdʒ]