20 Seeking Peace

Question 1

What problem were they trying to solve in Oslo, Norway in 1992?

Answer 1

Israel-PLO peace

Question 2

What was the result?

Answer 2

The Oslo Accords - 1993

Question 3

Did it work?

Answer 3

Not really.

Question 4

In 1948, where was the new state of Israel carved from?

Answer 4

The British Protectorate of Palestine

Question 5

What happened next?

Answer 5

Arab countries tried to destroy Israel before it got started. It backfired.

Question 6

What happened in subsequent attacks on Israel?

Answer 6

Israel won in 1956, 1967 and 1973

Question 7

By the mid 1970s, what had changed?

Answer 7

Arab countries were empowered by oil.

Question 8

How else had the MidEast changed?

Answer 8

Early nationalist leaders gave way to more sophisitcated leaders.

Sadat, Arafat

Question 9

What did this lead to?

Answer 9

The 1978 agreement between Israel and Egypt.

Question 10

What did this agreement include?

Answer 10

It called for a Palestinian state in Gaza and the West Bank.

Question 11

Why didn’t the UN sanction this agreement?

Answer 11

The PLO had not been present.

Question 12

What type of organization was the PLO?

Answer 12

A secular organization.

Question 13

Why was the PLO considered a terrorist organization?

Answer 13

They targeted Israeli civilians.

Question 14

When did that change?

Answer 14

The Madrid Conference in 1991.

Question 15

What was this?

Answer 15

Israeli/PLO/Arab peace negotiations

Question 16

What was the first step of the Oslo Accord?

Answer 16

Israel and PLO recognized each other.

Question 17

What else did they agree?

Answer 17

Palestinian rule in Gaza and Jericho (part of West Bank]

Question 18

What did PLO have to agree to?

Answer 18

Stop violence

Question 19

What did Oslo 2 - 1995 - do?

Answer 19

Made agreements to divide the West Bank/

Question 20

DId it produce a genuine peace?

Answer 20

No

Question 21

Why?

Answer 21

The citizens of both sides wouldn’t accept it.

Question 22

Who was Hezbollah?

Answer 22

A Muslim militant rival group for leadership of Palestinians.

Question 23

What did Hezbollah do?

Answer 23

They opposed the Accords and attacked Israel.

Question 24

WHen the Palestinians returned to Gaza, what else also happened?

Answer 24

Arafat returned from his exile in Tunisia.

Question 25

What happened next?

Answer 25

Jordan and Israel signed a peace treaty

Question 26

What did the US promise Jordan if it would sign a peace treaty with Israel?

Answer 26

To forgive all debts

Question 27

What stopped the progress?

Answer 27

In 1995, Israeli PM Rabin was assassinated by an Israeli.

Question 28

What came next?

Answer 28

Terrorist attacks by Hamas.

Question 29

Who is Hamas?

Answer 29

A Sunni, Palestinian, nationalist, militant group

It has 2 wings, both considered terrorists by the US

Question 30

What did this lead to in 1996?

Answer 30

Israel elected a conservative PM - Netanyahu

Likud Party

Question 31

What was Netanyahu’s position?

Answer 31

He opposed the Oslo Accords and would not implement them.

Question 32

What followed?

Answer 32

1998 - Israel began building new settlements

Question 33

What happened next?

Answer 33

Barak [Labor Party] won the next PM election and tried to get peace started again.

Question 34

What did Clinton do in 2000?

Answer 34

He brought Barak and Arafat together but they could not reach an agreement.

Question 35

How was momentum finally lost?

Answer 35

Clinton left office.
And in 2001, Barak was out.