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Middle East 20th Century > 13 1967 Arab-Israeli War > Flashcards

13 1967 Arab-Israeli War Flashcards

1
Q

What caused the 1967 Arab-Israeli War?

A

An Israeli tractor was near the Syrian border and Syria fired on it. It quickly escalated.

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2
Q

What made matters worse?

A

Israeli planes flew low over Damascus.

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3
Q

What did this cause Syria to do?

A

Along with Egypt, they engaged in saber-rattling.

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4
Q

How did Israel respond?

A

A pre-emptive strike.

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5
Q

How long did the war last?

A

6 days

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6
Q

In 1967, how many Arab countries recognized Israel?

A

0

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7
Q

What happened in 1964?

A

The Palestinian Liberation Organization was created to represent the displaced Palestinians

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8
Q

What sis Nassar call for?

A

The final liquidation of Israel.

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9
Q

Who had more soldiers and weapons?

A

the Arabs

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10
Q

Who supplied arms to Israel?

A

France and Britain

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11
Q

What had the US contributed?

A

Defensive weapons to Israel, Egypt and Jordan

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12
Q

How did Nassar make war inevitable?

A

He ordered UN Peacekeepers to withdraw from the Egypt/Israel border.

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13
Q

Why were the Peacekkepers there?

A

To hold the peace after the Suez crisis.

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14
Q

What did the UN try next?

A

To move the Peacekeeping force to the Israeli side. Israel refused.

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15
Q

What did Egypt do next.

A

Closed the Straights of Tehran to Israeli shipping.

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16
Q

What was the efect on Israel?

A

It cut off their oil from Iran and other supplies from Asia.

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17
Q

Who was a new player in Israel?

A

The new Defense Minister Moshe Dayan.

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18
Q

What did the US and Soviets do?

A

Put pressure on Nassar to not start a war.

19
Q

What happened?

A

Israel made a preemptive strike.

20
Q

What did they attack?

A

Operation Focus: Eqypt’s air defenses. Then Syria’s and Jordan’s.

21
Q

What happened next?

A

Egypt retreated and Israel occupied the Sinai peninsula.

22
Q

What did they do?

A

Egypt and Jordan offered a cease fire. Syria a few days later.

23
Q

What were the results?

A

Israel took the Sinai and Gaza Strip from Egypt, The West Bank and East Jerusalem from Jordan and the Golan Hieights from Syria.

24
Q

What did Nassar do?

A

Resigned but was called back.

25
Q

What was the bigger impact?

A

Anti-Semitism broke out in the Soviet Union and Arab world.

26
Q

What did the Soviets do?

A

Let many Jews emmigrate to Israel and US.

27
Q

What happened in Arab countries?

A

Jews were attacked and expelled.

28
Q

What happened to Arabs in the areas Israel now controlled?

A

They were expelled.

29
Q

Where did they go?

A

Most to Jordan, creating a base for the PLO.

30
Q

What did the Arabs do after?

A

The Khartoum Resolution

Khartoum is the capital of Sudan

31
Q

What are the 3 points of the Resolution?

A
  1. No peace with Israel
  2. No recognition of Israel
  3. No negotiations with Israel
32
Q

How did this lead to October 1973?

A

Israel was getting overconfident.

33
Q

What did Egypt and Syria do?

A

Both attacked Israel on Yom Kippur.

34
Q

What was Operation Nicklegrass?

A

A US operation to replace lost Israeli equipment.

35
Q

What did Israel have?

A

An undeclared stock of nuclear weapons [with help from the French]

They still don’t admit they have them.

36
Q

How did the 1973 war end?

A

A UN-brokered agreement.

37
Q

Who lost their job over the war?

A

Prime Minister Golda Meir.

38
Q

What was the biggest result of the war?

A

Secret negotiations between Israel and Egypt.

39
Q

What did that lead to?

A

The Camp David Accords - 1978

40
Q

What did they agree to?

A

Israel returned the Sinai.
Egypt recognized Israel.

41
Q

What happened to Sadat?

A

He was assassinated in 1981.

42
Q

What happened after 1973?

A

Palestinians were abandoned by other Arabs with the shift to oil.

43
Q

What else happened?

A

Non-state actors like religious fundamentalists emerged.

Middle East 20th Century (24 decks)

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