19 First Gulf War

Question 1

What happened on Aug. 2 1990?

Answer 1

Iraq invaded Kuwait.

Question 2

Was Kuwait expecting this?

Answer 2

No, despite Iraq’s warnings.

Question 3

How long did it take to complete the invasion?

Answer 3

2 days

Question 4

What was Hussein’s motivation?

Answer 4

To establish hegemony over the region.

hegemony = dominance

Question 5

What had Iraq and Kuwait been arguing about for a long time?

Answer 5

Their border.

Question 6

What did Hussein call Kuwait?

Answer 6

The 19th province of Iraq

Question 7

How long had Iraq been independent of the Ottoman Empire?

Answer 7

Since 1932, from Britain.

Question 8

When did Kuwait gain its independence?

Answer 8

1961, from Britain.

Question 9

What was Iraq and Kuwait’s relationship during the Iran-raq war?

Answer 9

They were close.
Kuwait provided financial support

Question 10

What happened after the end of the war?

Answer 10

Kuwait wanted to be paid back.

Question 11

Did they pay?

Answer 11

No, the war devastated their economy and they needed more money.

Question 12

What did he accuse Kuwait of?

Answer 12

Of stealing their oil through slant drilling.

Question 13

What would invading Kuwait do?

Answer 13

The profits from Kuwait’s oil fields could fix Iraq’s economic ruin.

Question 14

What did Kuwait reply?

Answer 14

They refused to forgive the loans.

Question 15

What did Hussein do one week before the invasion?

Answer 15

Met with US diplomat April Glaspie.

Question 16

What was going on at that time?

Answer 16

100,000 Iraqi troops were at the Kuwait border.

Question 17

What did Glaspie tell Saddam Hussein?

Answer 17

The US had no interest in the border dispute.

John Kelly also told Congress we had no commitment to Kuwait.

Question 18

Years later, what did Glaspie say?

Answer 18

That the US considered an invasion by Iraq as “inconceivable”.

Question 19

Who condemned Iraq?

Answer 19

Everyone, including both the US and Russia.

Question 20

Which was the only country not to condemn?

Answer 20

Yemen

Question 21

What was the response?

Answer 21

Saudi threw all Yemen workers out of the country.

Question 22

Which Arab countries joined the US-led coalition?

Answer 22

Question 23

What was the most effective act of the coalition?

Answer 23

Embargo against Iraqi oil, destroying their economy.

Question 24

Who felt most threatened by Iraq?

Answer 24

Saudi Arabia.
They allowed foreign troops to base there.

Question 25

What did the UN do?

Answer 25

Gave Iraq a deadline to leave?

Question 26

How many Coalition nations had sent troops?

Answer 26

39

Question 27

What happened on Jan 17, 1991?

Answer 27

Operation Desert Storm

Question 28

What happened over the next 40 days?

Answer 28

The Coalition dropped more bombs than in all of World War II

Question 29

How did Iraq respond?

Answer 29

Scud missile attacks on Israel.

Question 30

DId Israel respond?

Answer 30

No.
The missiles had not done much damage.

Question 31

What happened next?

Answer 31

Coalition troops landed in Kuwait.

Question 32

How did Iraq respond?

Answer 32

They retreated from Kuwait

Question 33

DId coalition forces invade Iraq?

Answer 33

No

Question 34

Why?

Answer 34

Bush thought he would lose his Arab coalition.

Question 35

What was required of Iraq?

Answer 35

To destroy all weapons of mass destruction and to allow inspections to confirm this.

Question 36

What did GHWBush’s Sec’y of Defense DIck Cheney say about why we did not invade Iraq in 1991?

Answer 36

We were not going to get bogged down in a war in Iraq.

Question 37

How did Saddam Hussein stay in power after that?

Answer 37

He used the helicopters the UN let him keep to fight off rebels.

He killed tens of thousands

Question 38

What ecological disaster did he create?

Answer 38

He drained the marsh beds of the Mesapotamia region.

Question 39

Over the next decade, how many children died in Iraq?

Answer 39

Over 300,000.
No clean drinking water, food or medicines

Question 40

How long did it take Kuwait to fully recover?

Answer 40

Just 10 years

Question 41

What did Saddam never do again after the war?

Answer 41

Leave Iraq.
He feared for his life and an internal rebellion.

Question 42

What did the UN do in 1995 to provide relief for Iraqi citizens?

Answer 42

Created an oil for food program

Question 43

Did it work?

Answer 43

Mostly. There was some corruption in both Iraq and the UN.

Question 44

What did US troops in Saudi Arabia cause?

Answer 44

Osama bin Laden to create a Holy War against the US.

Question 45

What was this the beginning of?

Answer 45

9/11