11 French Algerian War

Question 1

What did France acknowledge in 1999?

Answer 1

That it had been at war with Algeria from 1954-1962

Question 2

What had they referred to it up to then?

Answer 2

Operations to Maintain Order

Question 3

What was the war really?

Answer 3

Algeria trying to break from France.

Question 4

What was it also?

Answer 4

A civil war

Question 5

What were the 5 ME/NA countries under French control?

Answer 5

Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Lebanon and Syria

Question 6

What mandates did WWI armistice create for France?

Answer 6

Syria and Lebanon

Question 7

What did Lebanon establish in 1943?

Answer 7

The National Pact - a power-sharing agreement among its ethnic/religious parties.

It was unwritten

Question 8

What type of governement did they create?

Answer 8

A Parliamentary Republic

Question 9

How is the President in Lebanon chosen?

Answer 9

The President is a Maronite Christian (Catholic)

Question 10

How is the Prime Minister in Lebanon chose?

Answer 10

A Sunni Muslim

Question 11

How is the Speaker in Lebanon chose?

Answer 11

A Shia Muslim

Question 12

When did the French mandate end?

Answer 12

1945

Question 13

What is its official language?

Answer 13

Arabic, but occasionally French is required.

Question 14

When did France leave Syria?

Answer 14

1946

Question 15

What type of government did they choose?

Answer 15

Also a Parliamentary Republic

Question 16

What language do they speak?

Answer 16

Just Arabic. Their French population was much smaller than Lebanon.

Question 17

How long was it before another French colony became independent?

Answer 17

A decade.
Morooco, ALgeria and Tunisia were closer to France.

Question 18

What happened when DeGaulle became President?

Answer 18

He said that under no circumstances would the colonies be freed.

Question 19

Which French colony was the one to push back first?

Answer 19

Vietnam in 1946.

The First IndoChina War

Question 20

How did that end?

Answer 20

A humiliating defeat for France in 1954.

Question 21

What else happened?

Answer 21

A Geneva accord temporarily split it in 1954 until elections could be held in 1956

Question 22

How was France affected by the defeat in Vietnam?

Answer 22

It made them determined to keep Algeria.

Question 23

What did France do in 1956?

Answer 23

Granted freedom to Morocco and Tunisia?

Question 24

Why?

Answer 24

France had not been in those 2 countries as long as they had been in Algeria.

Question 25

When did France invade Algeria?

Answer 25

1830

Question 26

What happened in 1848?

Answer 26

Algeria was incorporated into France.

Question 27

At the time of the war, what was the situation?

Answer 27

Descendents of French settlers (10%) had access to the best jobs and lands.

Question 28

Why were the Algerians who fought the French good?

Answer 28

Because they had fought for the French during WWII.

Question 29

What was the Phillippeville Massacre?

Answer 29

The Algerian National Liberation Front massacred 123 French people in 1955.

Question 30

What weapon did France use against the NLF?

Answer 30

Napalm

Question 31

What did the French Legion do to some NLF sympathizers?

Answer 31

Walled them into a cave where they suffocated

Question 32

What did both sides use?

Answer 32

Torture

Question 33

What happened in France in 1958?

Answer 33

The Fourth Republic fell.
Degaulle came to power in a coup.

This created the Fifth Republic

Question 34

What eventually happened?

Answer 34

World opinion was against France.
De Gaulle gave them their independence in 1962.

Question 35

What first steps did Algeria take?

Answer 35

Emphasized the Arabic language.