10 Suez Crisis Flashcards
What was Europe and Asia like after World War II?
What did Anwar Sadat realize?
That Egypt’s wars with Israel were hurting Egypt.
What did Sadat do?
He started an internal reform movement called:
Corrective Revolution
What did it try to do?
Sideline Nassar-ists and Communists in the government and military.
What was the culmination of this?
The Begin/Carter/Sadat agreement in 1975.
What did he gain from this?
Economic support from the US.
In the US, how did the Cold War get started?
The Truman Doctrine - containment of Soviet Union wherever possible.
How did this start to effect the M/NA?
The Suez Crisis - 1956
[aka Second Arab-Israeli War]
What was the result for Egypt?
A military dsaster but a political victory.
How did the Soviets get involved?
They threatened to send troops to support the Nassar regime.
Soviet PM Bulganin
What else did Bulganin do?
He threatened to attack, Britain, France and Israel if they didn’t withdraw.
What worried Eisenhower?
Possible WWIII.
So what did Eisenhower do?
Demanded B, F and I withdraw.
What did B, F and I do?
Britain and France left, humiliating them.
Israel stayed until the following year.
Who filled the power vacuum?
US
Offerred aid to any ME country threatened by military aggression.
Eisenhower Doctrine
When was this offer first tested?
1958
Lebanon Pres. Camille Chamoun requested help.
What was the problem?
Chamoun was pro-American and was worried the next election would go the other direction.
What was Chamoun’s solution?
Change the constitution so he could run again.
What would this have violated?
The National Pact - sharing among the 3 religions
Sunni, Shia and Christian
What did the US do?
Didn’t support his running but provided military intervention for riots.
Even though there was no Connumist threat
What was the US Intervention called?
Operation Blue Bat
Did it work?
Yes and showed the Soviets that we were prepared to intervene.
When did the North Yemen Civil War begin?
1962
Did the US get involved?
No, but the Egyptians did and it became their VietNam
What is a characteristic of the US-Soviet Cold War relationship?
Both avoided face-face confrontations.
How did they do that?
Becoming involved in thrid party conflicts.
What is the 1973 Arab-Israeli War aka?
Yom Kippur War
or
Ramadan War
What provoked it?
Egypt and Syria crossing the borders set in the 1967 war.
Where was it fought?
The Sinai, the Nile, the Golan Heights [Syrian]
How close did the US and Soviets come during this war?
Both of their navies were there.
With nuclear-pewered submarines.
How long did it last and how did it end?
2 weeks with a US-negotiated cease fire.
What was the significant outcome for the US?
The Saudi Arabia Oil Embargo.
How were the MidEast countries inclined in 1957?
Egypt, Syria, Algeria → Soviet
Morocco, Gulg Monarchies, Jordan, Iraq → US
What happened in Iraq in 1958?
A coup
What happened in Libya in 1969?
A coup.
King overthrown by Gaddafi.
How did that change Libya loyalties?
More toward Soviet.
