2/6 Flashcards
paradigm noun /ˈpærədaɪm/
(specialist or formal) a typical example or pattern of something
a paradigm for students to copy
The war was a paradigm of the destructive side of human nature.
plagiarism noun /ˈpleɪdʒərɪzəm/ /ˈpleɪdʒərɪzəm/
[uncountable, countable] (disapproving)
the practice of copying another person’s ideas, words or work and pretending that they are your own; an example of this
There were accusations of plagiarism.
a text full of plagiarisms
paradigm noun /ˈpærədaɪm/
(specialist or formal) a typical example or pattern of something
a paradigm for students to copy
The war was a paradigm of the destructive side of human nature.
plagiarism noun /ˈpleɪdʒərɪzəm/ /ˈpleɪdʒərɪzəm/
[uncountable, countable] (disapproving)
the practice of copying another person’s ideas, words or work and pretending that they are your own; an example of this
There were accusations of plagiarism.
a text full of plagiarisms
Course
1/ education [countable] a series of lessons or lectures on a particular subject
course in something He took a course in Russian language and literature.
course on something She teaches a course on internet crime.
on a course My boss has been on a course this week.
2/ [countable] (especially British English) a period of study at a college or university that leads to an exam or a qualification
course of study:He was able to design his own course of study.
What degree course did you choose?
a two-year postgraduate course leading to a master’s degree
3/ for races [countable] an area of land or water where races are held
She was overtaken on the last stretch of the course.
Only ten yachts completed the course.
4/ part of meal [countable] any of the separate parts of a meal
a four-course dinner
The main course was roast duck.
5/[direction]
5.a/ [ship, aircraft] [uncountable, countable, usually singular] a direction or route followed by a ship or an aircraft
He radioed the pilot to change course.
on/off course : The plane was off course (= not going in the right direction).
We’re on course for our destination.
5.b/ [ideas] [countable, usually singular] the general direction in which somebody’s ideas or actions are moving or in which things are developing
The president appears likely to change course on some key issues.
The dollar fell sharply for two days, and then reversed course.
Her career followed a similar course to her sister’s.
6/[course of action] [countable] a way of acting in or dealing with a particular situation
There are various courses open to us.
What course of action would you recommend?
7/[development] development
[singular] the way something develops or should develop
course of something :This was an event that changed the course of history.
The unexpected course of events aroused considerable alarm.
during the course of something :She repeatedly raised the issue during the course of the campaign.
8/ of river - [countable, usually singular] the direction a river moves in : The path follows the course of the river.
9/ [medical treatment] [countable] course (of something) a series of medical treatments, tablets, etc.
to prescribe a course of antibiotics
When taking antibiotics it is important to finish the course.
10/ [in wall] [countable] a continuous layer of brick, stone or other building material in a wall
A new damp-proof course could cost £1 000 or more.
-in course of something: (formal) going through a particular process: The new textbook is in course of preparation.
-in the course of time: when enough time has passed: SYNONYM eventually
It is possible that in the course of time a cure for cancer will be found.
In the course of time, I began to understand.
- (as) a matter of course: (as) the usual and correct thing to do: We always check people’s addresses as a matter of course.
- on course for something/to do something: likely to achieve or do something because you have already started to do it
The American economy is on course for higher inflation than Britain by the end of the year.
Victory in Saturday’s match will put them on course to qualify for the European championships.
- run/take its course: to develop in the usual way and come to the usual end
When her tears had run their course, she felt calmer and more in control.
With minor ailments the best thing is often to let nature take its course.
- stay the course: to continue doing something until it has finished or been completed, even though it is difficult
Very few of the trainees have stayed the course.
He insists that he will not quit but will stay the course.
Slot – v
1/to put something into a space that is available or designed for it; to fit into such a space
slot something + adv./prep. The bed comes in sections that can be quickly slotted together.
+ adv./prep. The dishwasher slots neatly between the cupboards.
These tubes slot together like this.
slot somebody/something in - phrasal verb
to manage to find a position, a time or an opportunity for somebody/something
I can slot you in between 3 and 4.
We slotted in some extra lessons before the exam.
Slot – n
1/a long, narrow opening, into which you put or fit something
to put some coins in the slot
2/ [in a list,] a position, a time or an opportunity for somebody/something, for example in a list, a programme of events or a series of broadcasts
the airport’s take-off and landing slots
Their album has occupied the Number One slot for the past six weeks.
Course
1/ education [countable] a series of lessons or lectures on a particular subject
course in something He took a course in Russian language and literature.
course on something She teaches a course on internet crime.
on a course My boss has been on a course this week.
2/ [countable] (especially British English) a period of study at a college or university that leads to an exam or a qualification
course of study:He was able to design his own course of study.
What degree course did you choose?
a two-year postgraduate course leading to a master’s degree
3/ for races [countable] an area of land or water where races are held
She was overtaken on the last stretch of the course.
Only ten yachts completed the course.
4/ part of meal [countable] any of the separate parts of a meal
a four-course dinner
The main course was roast duck.
5/[direction]
5.a/ [ship, aircraft] [uncountable, countable, usually singular] a direction or route followed by a ship or an aircraft
He radioed the pilot to change course.
on/off course : The plane was off course (= not going in the right direction).
We’re on course for our destination.
5.b/ [ideas] [countable, usually singular] the general direction in which somebody’s ideas or actions are moving or in which things are developing
The president appears likely to change course on some key issues.
The dollar fell sharply for two days, and then reversed course.
Her career followed a similar course to her sister’s.
6/[course of action] [countable] a way of acting in or dealing with a particular situation
There are various courses open to us.
What course of action would you recommend?
7/[development] development
[singular] the way something develops or should develop
course of something :This was an event that changed the course of history.
The unexpected course of events aroused considerable alarm.
during the course of something :She repeatedly raised the issue during the course of the campaign.
8/ of river - [countable, usually singular] the direction a river moves in : The path follows the course of the river.
9/ [medical treatment] [countable] course (of something) a series of medical treatments, tablets, etc.
to prescribe a course of antibiotics
When taking antibiotics it is important to finish the course.
10/ [in wall] [countable] a continuous layer of brick, stone or other building material in a wall
A new damp-proof course could cost £1 000 or more.
-in course of something: (formal) going through a particular process: The new textbook is in course of preparation.
-in the course of time: when enough time has passed: SYNONYM eventually
It is possible that in the course of time a cure for cancer will be found.
In the course of time, I began to understand.
- (as) a matter of course: (as) the usual and correct thing to do: We always check people’s addresses as a matter of course.
- on course for something/to do something: likely to achieve or do something because you have already started to do it
The American economy is on course for higher inflation than Britain by the end of the year.
Victory in Saturday’s match will put them on course to qualify for the European championships.
- run/take its course: to develop in the usual way and come to the usual end
When her tears had run their course, she felt calmer and more in control.
With minor ailments the best thing is often to let nature take its course.
- stay the course: to continue doing something until it has finished or been completed, even though it is difficult
Very few of the trainees have stayed the course.
He insists that he will not quit but will stay the course.
Slot – v
1/to put something into a space that is available or designed for it; to fit into such a space
slot something + adv./prep. The bed comes in sections that can be quickly slotted together.
+ adv./prep. The dishwasher slots neatly between the cupboards.
These tubes slot together like this.
slot somebody/something in - phrasal verb
to manage to find a position, a time or an opportunity for somebody/something
I can slot you in between 3 and 4.
We slotted in some extra lessons before the exam.
Slot – n
1/a long, narrow opening, into which you put or fit something
to put some coins in the slot
2/ [in a list,] a position, a time or an opportunity for somebody/something, for example in a list, a programme of events or a series of broadcasts
the airport’s take-off and landing slots
Their album has occupied the Number One slot for the past six weeks.
Programme
1/ plan [usually passive] to plan for something to happen, especially as part of a series of planned events
be programmed for something The final section of road is programmed for completion next month.
be programmed to do something The exhibition was originally programmed to close in August.
(be) programmed Several evening events have been programmed.
2/ [person/animal] [usually passive] to make a person, an animal, etc. behave in a particular way, so that they do it without thinking about it
be programmed to do something Human beings are genetically programmed to learn certain kinds of language.
3/ [machine] ) to give a machine instructions to do a particular task
programme something (to do something) : She programmed the central heating to come on at eight
Programme – n:
1/on TV/radio: something that people watch on television or listen to on the radio
programme about something I watched a programme about volcanoes.
programme on something Did you see that programme on India last night?
a TV/television/radio programme
2/plan: a plan of things that will be done or included in the development of something
programme for somebody a training programme for new staff
programme of something The government is implementing a programme of reform.
programme to do something The college has initiated a programme to improve student retention.
3/course of study (North American English) a course of study
a school/an educational programme
programme in something She enrolled in a Master’s programme in American history.
The college offers a wide variety of programmes of study.
4/ order of events: an organized order of performances or events SYNONYM line-up
programme of something a week-long programme of lectures
The concert is the highlight of the festival’s musical programme.
We’re planning an exciting programme of events.
5/ for play/concert: a thin book or a piece of paper that gives you information about a play, a concert, etc.
a theatre programme
Her name doesn’t appear in the concert programme.
6/ of machine: a series of actions done by a machine, such as a washing machine
Select a cool programme for woollen clothes.
Programme
1/ plan [usually passive] to plan for something to happen, especially as part of a series of planned events
be programmed for something The final section of road is programmed for completion next month.
be programmed to do something The exhibition was originally programmed to close in August.
(be) programmed Several evening events have been programmed.
2/ [person/animal] [usually passive] to make a person, an animal, etc. behave in a particular way, so that they do it without thinking about it
be programmed to do something Human beings are genetically programmed to learn certain kinds of language.
3/ [machine] ) to give a machine instructions to do a particular task
programme something (to do something) : She programmed the central heating to come on at eight
Programme – n:
1/on TV/radio: something that people watch on television or listen to on the radio
programme about something I watched a programme about volcanoes.
programme on something Did you see that programme on India last night?
a TV/television/radio programme
2/plan: a plan of things that will be done or included in the development of something
programme for somebody a training programme for new staff
programme of something The government is implementing a programme of reform.
programme to do something The college has initiated a programme to improve student retention.
3/course of study (North American English) a course of study
a school/an educational programme
programme in something She enrolled in a Master’s programme in American history.
The college offers a wide variety of programmes of study.
4/ order of events: an organized order of performances or events SYNONYM line-up
programme of something a week-long programme of lectures
The concert is the highlight of the festival’s musical programme.
We’re planning an exciting programme of events.
5/ for play/concert: a thin book or a piece of paper that gives you information about a play, a concert, etc.
a theatre programme
Her name doesn’t appear in the concert programme.
6/ of machine: a series of actions done by a machine, such as a washing machine
Select a cool programme for woollen clothes.
scheme noun
1/ (British English) a plan or system for doing or organizing something
scheme for doing something: a local scheme for recycling newspapers
scheme to do something : to introduce/operate a scheme to improve links between schools and industry
under a scheme : Under the new scheme only successful schools will be given extra funding.
a training/bonus/ salary/insurance/loan scheme
2/a plan for getting money or some other advantage for yourself, especially one that involves cheating other people
scheme to do something an elaborate scheme to avoid taxes
scheme for doing something Is this another one of your crazy schemes for making money?
They hatched a scheme to rob a Monte Carlo casino.
3/ housing scheme : a project, often funded by a local council or another organization, that provides homes for people to buy or rent at a low price
The council has proposed plans for an affordable housing scheme.
4/ pyramid scheme noun /ˈpɪrəmɪd skiːm/: an illegal way of making money: He warned that pyramid schemes were not allowed.
scheme verb /skiːm/
[intransitive, transitive] (disapproving) to make secret plans to do something that will help yourself and possibly harm others
SYNONYM plot
scheme (against somebody) She seemed to feel that we were all scheming against her.
scheme to do something His colleagues, meanwhile, were busily scheming to get rid of him.
scheme something Her enemies were scheming her downfall.
Plot – noun
1/[countable, uncountable] the series of events that form the story of a novel, play, film, etc.
Plot twists (= unexpected developments) keep you guessing throughout the series.
plot about something a conventional plot about love and marriage
The book is well organized in terms of plot.
It’s hard to follow the plot of the film.
2/ [countable] a secret plan made by a group of people to do something wrong or illegal
SYNONYM conspiracy
plot to do something The rebels hatched a plot to overthrow the government.
plot against somebody Police uncovered a plot against the president.
He had been the victim of an elaborate murder plot.
3/ [countable] a small piece of land that is used or intended for a special purpose
She bought a small plot of land to build a house on.
a vegetable plot
plot – v :
1/[intransitive, transitive] to make a secret plan to harm somebody, especially a government or its leader
plot with somebody It is claimed he plotted with the country’s enemies.
plot something Military officers were suspected of plotting a coup.
plot (with somebody) against somebody/something He was accused of having secretly plotted with Tipu against the British.
plot (with somebody) to do something Taylor plotted with his daughter to murder her husband.
2/ [transitive] plot something (on something) to mark something on a map, for example the position or course of something
The earthquake centres had been plotted on a world map.
He plotted a new route across the Atlantic.
3/ [transitive] plot something (on something)
3.a/ to make a diagram or chart from some information
We carefully plotted each patient’s response to the drug on a chart.
Greenhouse temperature can be plotted against plant growth.
3.b/ to mark points on a graph and draw a line or curve connecting them:
First, plot the temperature curve on the graph.
scheme noun
1/ (British English) a plan or system for doing or organizing something
scheme for doing something: a local scheme for recycling newspapers
scheme to do something : to introduce/operate a scheme to improve links between schools and industry
under a scheme : Under the new scheme only successful schools will be given extra funding.
a training/bonus/ salary/insurance/loan scheme
2/a plan for getting money or some other advantage for yourself, especially one that involves cheating other people
scheme to do something an elaborate scheme to avoid taxes
scheme for doing something Is this another one of your crazy schemes for making money?
They hatched a scheme to rob a Monte Carlo casino.
3/ housing scheme : a project, often funded by a local council or another organization, that provides homes for people to buy or rent at a low price
The council has proposed plans for an affordable housing scheme.
4/ pyramid scheme noun /ˈpɪrəmɪd skiːm/: an illegal way of making money: He warned that pyramid schemes were not allowed.
scheme verb /skiːm/
[intransitive, transitive] (disapproving) to make secret plans to do something that will help yourself and possibly harm others
SYNONYM plot
scheme (against somebody) She seemed to feel that we were all scheming against her.
scheme to do something His colleagues, meanwhile, were busily scheming to get rid of him.
scheme something Her enemies were scheming her downfall.
Plot – noun
1/[countable, uncountable] the series of events that form the story of a novel, play, film, etc.
Plot twists (= unexpected developments) keep you guessing throughout the series.
plot about something a conventional plot about love and marriage
The book is well organized in terms of plot.
It’s hard to follow the plot of the film.
2/ [countable] a secret plan made by a group of people to do something wrong or illegal
SYNONYM conspiracy
plot to do something The rebels hatched a plot to overthrow the government.
plot against somebody Police uncovered a plot against the president.
He had been the victim of an elaborate murder plot.
3/ [countable] a small piece of land that is used or intended for a special purpose
She bought a small plot of land to build a house on.
a vegetable plot
plot – v :
1/[intransitive, transitive] to make a secret plan to harm somebody, especially a government or its leader
plot with somebody It is claimed he plotted with the country’s enemies.
plot something Military officers were suspected of plotting a coup.
plot (with somebody) against somebody/something He was accused of having secretly plotted with Tipu against the British.
plot (with somebody) to do something Taylor plotted with his daughter to murder her husband.
2/ [transitive] plot something (on something) to mark something on a map, for example the position or course of something
The earthquake centres had been plotted on a world map.
He plotted a new route across the Atlantic.
3/ [transitive] plot something (on something)
3.a/ to make a diagram or chart from some information
We carefully plotted each patient’s response to the drug on a chart.
Greenhouse temperature can be plotted against plant growth.
3.b/ to mark points on a graph and draw a line or curve connecting them:
First, plot the temperature curve on the graph.
as per something: following something that has been decided
The work was carried out as per instructions.
as per normal/usual: (informal) in the way that is normal or usual; as often happens
Everyone blamed me as per usual.
as per something: following something that has been decided
The work was carried out as per instructions.
as per normal/usual: (informal) in the way that is normal or usual; as often happens
Everyone blamed me as per usual.
Label – verb: often passive
1/to fix a label on something or write information on something
label something Make sure that your luggage is clearly labelled.
label something with something We carefully labelled each item with the contents and the date.
label something + adj. The file was labelled ‘Private’.
2/to describe somebody/something in a particular way, especially unfairly
label somebody/something (as) something He was labelled (as) a traitor by his former colleagues.
label somebody/something + adj. It is unfair to label a small baby naughty.
Label – verb: often passive
1/to fix a label on something or write information on something
label something Make sure that your luggage is clearly labelled.
label something with something We carefully labelled each item with the contents and the date.
label something + adj. The file was labelled ‘Private’.
2/to describe somebody/something in a particular way, especially unfairly
label somebody/something (as) something He was labelled (as) a traitor by his former colleagues.
label somebody/something + adj. It is unfair to label a small baby naughty.
Poll - noun
1/(also opinion poll) [countable] the process of questioning people who are representative of a larger group in order to get information about the general opinion
SYNONYM survey
to carry out/conduct a poll
A recent poll suggests some surprising changes in public opinion.
2/ countable
the process of voting at an election; the process of counting the votes
The final result of the poll will be known tomorrow.
Thursday is traditionally the day when Britain goes to the polls (= when elections are held).
Polls close (= voting ends) at 9 p.m.
at the polls Their defeat at the polls came as a big shock.
3/ [singular] the number of votes given in an election
SYNONYM ballot
Labour is ahead in the poll.
They gained 20 per cent of the poll.
Poll – v
1/[transitive, intransitive] to receive a particular number of votes in an election
poll something They polled 39 per cent of the vote in the last election.
+ adv./prep. The Republicans have polled well (= received many votes) in recent elections.
2/ [transitive, usually passive] poll somebody to ask a large number of members of the public what they think about something
SYNONYM survey
Over 50 per cent of those polled were against the proposed military action.
The film was voted top by critics polled by ‘Movie’ magazine.
Ballot - verb /ˈbælət/
1/[transitive] ballot somebody (on/over something) to ask somebody to vote in writing and secretly about something
SYNONYM poll
The union balloted its members on the proposed changes.
The workforce will be balloted over strike action.
2/ [intransitive] to vote secretly about something
ballot for something The workers balloted for a strike.
ballot to do something Ambulance crews balloted unanimously to reject the deal.
Ballot - noun /ˈbælət/
1/[uncountable, countable] the system of voting in writing and usually in secret; an occasion on which a vote is held
ballot for something a ballot for the Conservative leadership
ballot on/over something a ballot over strike action
The union cannot call a strike unless it holds a ballot of members.
2/ (British English also ballot paper)
[countable] the piece of paper on which somebody marks who they are voting for
What percentage of eligible voters cast their ballots?
3/ the ballot [singular] the total number of votes in an election
She won 58.8% of the ballot.
Poll - noun
1/(also opinion poll) [countable] the process of questioning people who are representative of a larger group in order to get information about the general opinion
SYNONYM survey
to carry out/conduct a poll
A recent poll suggests some surprising changes in public opinion.
2/ countable
the process of voting at an election; the process of counting the votes
The final result of the poll will be known tomorrow.
Thursday is traditionally the day when Britain goes to the polls (= when elections are held).
Polls close (= voting ends) at 9 p.m.
at the polls Their defeat at the polls came as a big shock.
3/ [singular] the number of votes given in an election
SYNONYM ballot
Labour is ahead in the poll.
They gained 20 per cent of the poll.
Poll – v
1/[transitive, intransitive] to receive a particular number of votes in an election
poll something They polled 39 per cent of the vote in the last election.
+ adv./prep. The Republicans have polled well (= received many votes) in recent elections.
2/ [transitive, usually passive] poll somebody to ask a large number of members of the public what they think about something
SYNONYM survey
Over 50 per cent of those polled were against the proposed military action.
The film was voted top by critics polled by ‘Movie’ magazine.
Ballot - verb /ˈbælət/
1/[transitive] ballot somebody (on/over something) to ask somebody to vote in writing and secretly about something
SYNONYM poll
The union balloted its members on the proposed changes.
The workforce will be balloted over strike action.
2/ [intransitive] to vote secretly about something
ballot for something The workers balloted for a strike.
ballot to do something Ambulance crews balloted unanimously to reject the deal.
Ballot - noun /ˈbælət/
1/[uncountable, countable] the system of voting in writing and usually in secret; an occasion on which a vote is held
ballot for something a ballot for the Conservative leadership
ballot on/over something a ballot over strike action
The union cannot call a strike unless it holds a ballot of members.
2/ (British English also ballot paper)
[countable] the piece of paper on which somebody marks who they are voting for
What percentage of eligible voters cast their ballots?
3/ the ballot [singular] the total number of votes in an election
She won 58.8% of the ballot.
purpose
1/ [countable] the intention, aim or function of something; the thing that something is supposed to achieve
for the purpose of (doing) something A meeting was called for the purpose of appointing a new treasurer./ I have included this data for the purpose of comparison.
with the purpose of doing something This project was launched with the purpose of increasing the number of visitors to the region.
purpose for something I could find no practical purpose for this app.
serve a purpose: These small village shops serve a very useful purpose. (to have a use)
2/purposes [plural] : in a particular situation or when being considered in a particular way
for… purposes These gifts count as income for tax purposes.
The building was originally used for commercial purposes.
for the purposes of something For the purposes of this study, the three groups have been combined.
3/ [countable, uncountable] meaning that is important and valuable to you
Volunteer work gives her life a sense of purpose.
He believes he has finally found a purpose in life.
4/ [uncountable] the ability to plan something and work successfully to achieve it
SYNONYM determination
He has enormous confidence and strength of purpose.
idioms
1/fit for purpose
(of an institution, a system, a thing, etc.) suitable for the function or purpose that it was designed for
The minister argued that the education system wasn’t fit for purpose.
The new executive flats are fully equipped and fit for purpose.
I returned the goods as they weren’t fit for purpose.
2/for (all) practical purposes
used when you are stating what the reality of a situation is
There’s still another ten minutes of the game to go, but for practical purposes it’s already over.
3/on purpose
not by accident; deliberately
He did it on purpose, knowing it would annoy her.
He slammed the door on purpose.
4/ to + little|no + purpose
(formal) with little/no useful effect or result
The government had spent a lot on education but to little or no purpose.
1/ [countable] the intention, aim or function of something; the thing that something is supposed to achieve
for the purpose of (doing) something A meeting was called for the purpose of appointing a new treasurer./ I have included this data for the purpose of comparison.
with the purpose of doing something This project was launched with the purpose of increasing the number of visitors to the region.
purpose for something I could find no practical purpose for this app.
serve a purpose: These small village shops serve a very useful purpose. (to have a use)
2/purposes [plural] : in a particular situation or when being considered in a particular way
for… purposes These gifts count as income for tax purposes.
The building was originally used for commercial purposes.
for the purposes of something For the purposes of this study, the three groups have been combined.
3/ [countable, uncountable] meaning that is important and valuable to you
Volunteer work gives her life a sense of purpose.
He believes he has finally found a purpose in life.
4/ [uncountable] the ability to plan something and work successfully to achieve it
SYNONYM determination
He has enormous confidence and strength of purpose.
idioms
1/fit for purpose
(of an institution, a system, a thing, etc.) suitable for the function or purpose that it was designed for
The minister argued that the education system wasn’t fit for purpose.
The new executive flats are fully equipped and fit for purpose.
I returned the goods as they weren’t fit for purpose.
2/for (all) practical purposes
used when you are stating what the reality of a situation is
There’s still another ten minutes of the game to go, but for practical purposes it’s already over.
3/on purpose
not by accident; deliberately
He did it on purpose, knowing it would annoy her.
He slammed the door on purpose.
4/ to + little|no + purpose
(formal) with little/no useful effect or result
The government had spent a lot on education but to little or no purpose.
Detail – n
[facts/information]
1/ [less important] [countable] a small individual fact or item; a less important fact or item
The Ministry refused to reveal any more details of the attack.
Tell me the main points now; leave the details till later.
‘We had a terrible time—’ ‘Oh, spare me the details (= don’t tell me any more).’
2/ [consider them all together] [uncountable] the small facts or features of something, when you consider them all together
in detail This issue will be discussed in more detail in the next chapter.
The report was criticized for its lack of detail.
He had an eye for detail (= noticed and remembered small details).
3/ details [plural] information about something:
details about something They didn’t give any details about the game.
Please provide the following details: name, age and sex.
Can you send me your contact details?
For further details visit our website
Detail –v
1/ give facts/information: detail something to give a list of facts or all the available information about something
to detail your experiences/plans/activities
The brochure details all the hotels in the area and their facilities.
In this lecture, I will detail the history of television from the beginning.
2/ clean car: detail something (North American English) to clean a car carefully and completely
He got work for a while detailing cars.
Idioms:
go into detail(s): to explain something fully
I can’t go into details now; it would take too long.
Detail – n
[facts/information]
1/ [less important] [countable] a small individual fact or item; a less important fact or item
The Ministry refused to reveal any more details of the attack.
Tell me the main points now; leave the details till later.
‘We had a terrible time—’ ‘Oh, spare me the details (= don’t tell me any more).’
2/ [consider them all together] [uncountable] the small facts or features of something, when you consider them all together
in detail This issue will be discussed in more detail in the next chapter.
The report was criticized for its lack of detail.
He had an eye for detail (= noticed and remembered small details).
3/ details [plural] information about something:
details about something They didn’t give any details about the game.
Please provide the following details: name, age and sex.
Can you send me your contact details?
For further details visit our website
Detail –v
1/ give facts/information: detail something to give a list of facts or all the available information about something
to detail your experiences/plans/activities
The brochure details all the hotels in the area and their facilities.
In this lecture, I will detail the history of television from the beginning.
2/ clean car: detail something (North American English) to clean a car carefully and completely
He got work for a while detailing cars.
Idioms:
go into detail(s): to explain something fully
I can’t go into details now; it would take too long.
Gain - noun
1/increase [countable, uncountable] an increase in the amount of something, especially in wealth or weight
The opposition made unexpected gains in the last election.
gain from something a £3 000 gain from our investment
gain of something The party had a net gain of nine seats on the local council.
gain in something significant gains in crop yield
2/advantage [countable] an advantage or improvement
Our loss is their gain.
gain in something These policies have resulted in great gains in public health.
3/[profit] [uncountable] (often disapproving) financial profit
He only seems to be interested in personal gain.
Financial gain was never her motivation.
for gain: It’s amazing what some people will do for gain.
Gain –verb
1/[ obtain/win]
1.a/ [transitive] to obtain or win something, especially something that you need or want
gain something They managed to gain access to secret files.
He has gained a reputation for unpredictable behaviour.
gain somebody something : Her unusual talent gained her worldwide recognition.
1.b/ [transitive, intransitive] to obtain an advantage or benefit from something or from doing something
gain something The firm is hoping to gain an advantage over its competitors.
gain something by/from something What do you hope to gain by this?
gain something by/from doing something There is nothing to be gained from delaying the decision.
gain (by/from something) Consumers have gained from the increased competition.
2/ [get more]: [transitive] gain something to gradually get more of something
As you gain experience, you will grow in confidence.
I’ve gained weight recently.
The campaign continues to gain momentum.
to gain understanding/knowledge
3/ of watch/clock
[transitive, intransitive] gain (something) to go too fast (by a particular amount of time)
My watch gains two minutes every 24 hours.
4/ of currencies/shares
[transitive, intransitive] to increase in value
gain something The shares gained 14p to 262p.
gain against something The euro gained against the dollar again today.
5/ reach place
[transitive] gain something (formal) to reach a place, usually after a lot of effort
At last she gained the shelter of the forest.
Heavy fighting began as they gained the river.
Gain - noun
1/increase [countable, uncountable] an increase in the amount of something, especially in wealth or weight
The opposition made unexpected gains in the last election.
gain from something a £3 000 gain from our investment
gain of something The party had a net gain of nine seats on the local council.
gain in something significant gains in crop yield
2/advantage [countable] an advantage or improvement
Our loss is their gain.
gain in something These policies have resulted in great gains in public health.
3/[profit] [uncountable] (often disapproving) financial profit
He only seems to be interested in personal gain.
Financial gain was never her motivation.
for gain: It’s amazing what some people will do for gain.
Gain –verb
1/[ obtain/win]
1.a/ [transitive] to obtain or win something, especially something that you need or want
gain something They managed to gain access to secret files.
He has gained a reputation for unpredictable behaviour.
gain somebody something : Her unusual talent gained her worldwide recognition.
1.b/ [transitive, intransitive] to obtain an advantage or benefit from something or from doing something
gain something The firm is hoping to gain an advantage over its competitors.
gain something by/from something What do you hope to gain by this?
gain something by/from doing something There is nothing to be gained from delaying the decision.
gain (by/from something) Consumers have gained from the increased competition.
2/ [get more]: [transitive] gain something to gradually get more of something
As you gain experience, you will grow in confidence.
I’ve gained weight recently.
The campaign continues to gain momentum.
to gain understanding/knowledge
3/ of watch/clock
[transitive, intransitive] gain (something) to go too fast (by a particular amount of time)
My watch gains two minutes every 24 hours.
4/ of currencies/shares
[transitive, intransitive] to increase in value
gain something The shares gained 14p to 262p.
gain against something The euro gained against the dollar again today.
5/ reach place
[transitive] gain something (formal) to reach a place, usually after a lot of effort
At last she gained the shelter of the forest.
Heavy fighting began as they gained the river.
write something up
to record something in writing in a full and complete form, often using notes that you made earlier
to write up your notes/the minutes of a meeting
They had to do a survey of the island and write up their findings.
write something up
to record something in writing in a full and complete form, often using notes that you made earlier
to write up your notes/the minutes of a meeting
They had to do a survey of the island and write up their findings.
embark on/upon something
phrasal verb with embark verb [ I ] formal
UK /ɪmˈbɑːk/ US /ɪmˈbɑːrk/
Add to word list
to start something new or important:
We’re embarking upon a new project later this year.
embark on/upon something
phrasal verb with embark verb [ I ] formal
UK /ɪmˈbɑːk/ US /ɪmˈbɑːrk/
Add to word list
to start something new or important:
We’re embarking upon a new project later this year.
add something in
to include something with something else
Remember to add in the cost of drinks. /It’s £45 - £50 if you add in the cost of postage.
add something in
to include something with something else
Remember to add in the cost of drinks.
complex noun
OPAL W
/ˈkɒmpleks/
1/ a group of buildings of a similar type together in one place
a sports/leisure/shopping complex
an industrial complex (= a site with many factories)
(especially North American English) an apartment complex
(especially North American English) a housing complex
complex of something a complex of buildings covering about 300 square metres
2/a group of things that are connected:
This is just one of a whole complex of issues.
complex noun
OPAL W
/ˈkɒmpleks/
1/ a group of buildings of a similar type together in one place
a sports/leisure/shopping complex
an industrial complex (= a site with many factories)
(especially North American English) an apartment complex
(especially North American English) a housing complex
complex of something a complex of buildings covering about 300 square metres
2/a group of things that are connected:
This is just one of a whole complex of issues.
pursuit
1/ [uncountable] the act of looking for or trying to get something
pursuit of something the pursuit of happiness/knowledge/profit
in pursuit of something She travelled the world in pursuit of her dreams.
2/[uncountable] the act of following or going after somebody, especially in order to catch them
in pursuit We drove away with two police cars in pursuit (= following).
I galloped off on my horse with Rosie in hot pursuit (= following quickly behind).
3/[countable, usually plural] something that you give your time and energy to, that you do as a hobby
SYNONYM hobby, pastime
outdoor/leisure/artistic pursuits
leisure centre - noun [ C ] UK
UK /ˈleʒ.ə ˌsen.tər/ US /ˈliː.ʒɚ ˌsen.t̬ɚ/
a building containing a swimming pool and other places where you can play sports: I think for older patients it’s too daunting for them to go alone to the leisure centre.
leisure pursuits/activities
Many people engage in leisure pursuits such as reading, watching movies, hiking, or playing sports to relieve stress and enjoy their free time.
pursuit
1/ [uncountable] the act of looking for or trying to get something
pursuit of something the pursuit of happiness/knowledge/profit
in pursuit of something She travelled the world in pursuit of her dreams.
2/[uncountable] the act of following or going after somebody, especially in order to catch them
in pursuit We drove away with two police cars in pursuit (= following).
I galloped off on my horse with Rosie in hot pursuit (= following quickly behind).
3/[countable, usually plural] something that you give your time and energy to, that you do as a hobby
SYNONYM hobby, pastime
outdoor/leisure/artistic pursuits
leisure centre - noun [ C ] UK
UK /ˈleʒ.ə ˌsen.tər/ US /ˈliː.ʒɚ ˌsen.t̬ɚ/
a building containing a swimming pool and other places where you can play sports: I think for older patients it’s too daunting for them to go alone to the leisure centre.
leisure pursuits/activities
Many people engage in leisure pursuits such as reading, watching movies, hiking, or playing sports to relieve stress and enjoy their free time.
