第12章 局部麻醉药 第三篇 中枢神经系统药理 第13章--全身麻醉药 第14章--镇静催眠药 Flashcards

1
Q

苯二氮卓类临床上取代了巴比妥类传统镇静催眠药的主要原因是

A

苯二氮卓类有较好的抗焦虑、镇静作用,安全性好

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2
Q

巴比妥类药物急性中毒时,应采取的措施是

A

静滴碳酸氢钠

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3
Q

苯巴比妥类药不宜用于

A

消除新生儿黄疸

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4
Q

苯二氮卓类的作用机制是

A

增强GABA与GABAA受体的结合力

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5
Q

对失神性发作治疗首选药:

A

乙琥胺

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6
Q

对癫痫持续状态治疗首选药:

A

地西泮

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7
Q

强直阵挛性发作治疗首选药:

A

苯妥英钠

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8
Q

复杂部分性发作治疗首选药:

A

卡马西平

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9
Q

安全范围较大且成瘾性较轻的催眠药是:

A

地西泮

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10
Q

可以引起肝药酶诱导作用的药物是:

A

苯巴比妥

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11
Q

静脉麻醉选用的药物是:

A

硫喷妥钠

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12
Q

因有局部刺激性,溃疡病人禁用的药物是:

A

水合氯醛

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13
Q

选择性的中枢性苯二氮卓受体拮抗药是:

A

氟马西尼

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14
Q

苯二氮卓类的药理作用有

A

A. 抗焦虑
B. 镇静、催眠
C. 抗惊厥、抗癫痫
D. 中枢性肌肉松弛作用

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15
Q

苯二氮卓类药催眠作用优于巴比妥类,表现在

A

A. 对快动眼睡眠时相(REM)影响小
B. 停药后代偿性反跳较轻
C. 安全范围大
D. 不引起麻醉

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16
Q

巴比妥类药物急性中毒时采用的药物有

A

A. 应用呼吸中枢兴奋药
B. 静注NaHCO3
D. 静注生理盐水
E. 静注10%葡萄糖

17
Q

地西泮可用于

A

A. 麻醉前给药
C. 焦虑症或焦虑性失眠
D. 高热惊厥
E. 癫痫持续状态

18
Q

地西泮能引起:

A

A 嗜睡
B 头昏
C 耐受性
D 习惯性