Wk2 1.13-ECM: GaGs&PGs Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three components of the extra cellular matrix? What is the MAIN component?

A

Proteins, PolySaccarides, and the MAIN component is Water

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2
Q

Now that we know the real general make up of the ECM, what more specifically makes it up? 4

A

Fibers, GlycoProteins, GlycosAminoGlycans, and ProteoGlycans

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3
Q

What is the stuff in the ECM that makes up the space between cells and fibers?

A

Ground Substance

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4
Q

What are the 3 components of Ground substance? What major player is NOT considered part of ground substance?

A

GlycoProteins, GlycosAminoGlycans, and ProteoGlycans (NO Fibers!)

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5
Q

What is the definine feature of connective tissue like bone, fat, blood, and cartilage.

A

Their extra cellular matrix! Lots of it in connective tissue!

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6
Q

What are the three MAIN macromolecules that make up the ECM? What is an example of each?

A
  1. PROTEO-GLYCANS (Glycos-Amino-Glycans) 2. FIBER (Collagen, Elastin) 3. MULTIADHESIVE PROTEINS
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7
Q

What are the four (plus one subcategory :)) major classes of GAG disaccharides?

A

1.Hyaluronan 2. Chondroitin Sufate 2a. Dermatin Suflate 3. HEP-AR-AN Sulfate 4. KeraTAN Sulfate (not keratin)

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8
Q

What is the general formula for GlycosAminoGlycan? (for the most part)

A

Amino Sugar + Carboxylic Sugar

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9
Q

What causes water to be sucked into the matrix and thus forming a gel?

A

Negative Charge of COO- and SO3- attracts Cations which then attracts lots of water into the matrix.

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10
Q

What is GAGs chief function?

A

maintain homeostasis

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11
Q

What is the formula for a PG (ProteoGlycan)?

A

GAG + ExtraCellularProtein = PG

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12
Q

What is the only GAG that does not form PG?

A

Hyaluronic Acid

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13
Q

What are the three classes of PGs? HOW AM I GOING TO REMEMBER THESE?!

A

1.Leucine Rich 2.Modular 3. Cell-Surface

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14
Q

What does a PG combine with to make PG Aggregates?

A

Hyaluronic Acid

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15
Q

What molecule acts as a biological shock absorber?

A

Hyaluronate

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16
Q

Where are the very large hyaluron polymers made?

A

on the cell surface…they wouldn’t even fit in our yard, russ

17
Q

What is the only GAG that does not contain sulfate?

A

Hyaluronan

18
Q

What is the PG that breaks away causing a inflammatory gradient?

A

Syndecan-1

19
Q

Where are PGs synthesized? How many sugars on the starting block?

A

ER, Golgi then exocytosed….4 sugars

20
Q

Where are PGs broken down?

A

Endocytosed to the lysosome

21
Q

What GAG related disease is x linked? What cellular organelle does the GAG build up in?

A

Hunter’s Disease…build up in Lysosome