2.4-LipoProteins & Lipid Transport Flashcards
What are the 5 lipid transporters we discussed? Does a High Density LipoProtein have high lipid content or high protein content?
1.ChyloMicrons 2. VLDLs 3.IDL 4.LDL 5.HDL…..HDL will have High Protein Density (therefore low lipid density)
Why are chylomicrons & VLDLs so similar? What is their only difference?
Chylomicrons and VLDLs have a high ratio of lipids in them, like marshmallows :) The only difference is chylomicrons=dietary lipids vs VLDLs=synthesized lipids
Which Lipoprotein goes from cells to liver? Which goes from liver to cells?
Cells to Liver=HDL Liver to Cells=LDL
What are the two AlipoProteins we discussed on chylomicrons in the intestine?
Apo B48 and Apo A
Where to Chylomicrons enter circulation? What happens from there?
Enter through the lymphatic system, then thru the thoracic duct and then the subclavian vein
What is the major reservoir for apolipoproteins? Which Lipoproteins?
HDL…Apc CII and Apo E
What enzyme does Apo CII activate? Where can I find an Apo CII?
LipoProtein Lipase…Apo CII is on ChyloMicrons & VLDL
What is the role of lipoprotein lipase? Where do the products go?
Breaks down TAGs to Glycerol (to Liver) and FFAs (Adipose tissues)
Where can I find a good ole LipoProtein Lipase?
On the endothelial Wall of a blood capillary
What Apo ligand allows ChyloMicron Remnants to be endocytosed back into the Liver?
Apolipoprotein E
Which apolipoprotein do they look at when checking for alzheimers?
Apo E
How much TAG is removed when we go from a Chylomicron to a ChyloMicron Remnant?
90% of the TAGs removed!
How long is a ChyloMicron half life?
Less then an hour
Where do 80% of TAGs from ChyloMicrons go? 20%?
80% Adipose, heart, muscle 20% liver
What enzyme is used toTRAP fatty acids in a cell? How much ATP do we need to do this?
Fatty Acyl-CoA Synthetase…2 ATP used
What is the significant alipoprotein on the VLDL from the Liver? What was the similar form of this in the intestine on CMs?
ApoB-100…ApoB-48 on CMs in the intestine
What two ApoLipos are used on VLDLs? THINK ChyloMicrons!
Apo C-II and Apo E
What happens in the magical of turing VLDL to LDL? What is the core of LDL as a result?
Removing Fatty Acids turns VLDL to LDL. Dense core of cholesterol is the result
Who is our Cholesterol delivery boy? What is the ligand that helps it bind to receptor cells?
LDL…ApoB-100
What type of fat blocks hepatocyte cellular receptors for LDL? What is the result?
Saturated fat…results in raising blood cholesterol (SO Sat Fat blocks LDL entering, SO Liver makes more cholesterol because it thinks there is not enough in body)
What is the enzyme that regulated Cholesterol Synthesis in the liver?
HMG CoA Reductase
What does HDL Alipo A1 activate to scavenge cholesterol? (2 names)
LCAT and PCAT
Which protein transfers TAGs with cholesteryl esters on VLDLs?
CETP (Cholestetyl Ester Transfer Protein (Weird name, i know)
What is the consequence of a decrease in lipoprotein lipase activity?
Elevation of Plasma Chylomicrons and VLDL?
