3.3-Water Vitamins

Question 1

B1

Answer 1

Thiamine

Question 2

B2

Answer 2

Riboflavin

Question 3

B3

Answer 3

Niacin

Question 4

B6

Answer 4

Pyridoxine

Question 5

B9

Answer 5

Folic Acid

Question 6

B12

Answer 6

Cobalamin

Question 7

C

Answer 7

AS-COR-BIC Acid

Question 8

B5

Answer 8

Pan-to-then-ic Acid

Question 9

What is formed when we phosphorylate Thiamine (B1)? What 2 pathways is this involved in?

Answer 9

You get TPP! Thiamine PyroPhosphate…Pyruvate DeCarboxylase & PPP

Question 10

What are the two possible syndromes of a prolonged B1 (Thiamine) deficiency?

Answer 10

Beri-Beri (muscle weakness, atrophy) & Wernike-Korsakoff Syndrome (dementia like, alcoholics)

Question 11

What important molecule is Riboflavin (B2) converted to? Where is this intermediate used? What about a deficiency?

Answer 11

FAD+…Used for ETC!!, VERY rare to get a deficiency in B2 Riboflavin

Question 12

What 2 important molecules is B3 (Niacin) converted to?

Answer 12

NAD+ and NADP

Question 13

Which 2 water soluble vitamins can be made by bacteria? What AA does it start with for the first one? (Thanks Guys!!)

Answer 13

Niacin (B3)-start with tryptophan, Pyridoxine (B6)

Question 14

What is the result of a Niacin (B3) deficiency? What are the three symptoms?

Answer 14

Pellagra: the 3 D’s: Dermatitis, Diarrhea, and Dementia (the fourth D is DEATH) :)

Question 15

What important molecule is derived from Pantothenic Acid (B5). What can happen with a deficiency?

Answer 15

CoenzymeA- the very important molecule in making species reactive.. No known deficiency!

Question 16

What important molecule is Pyridoxine (B6) converted to? What 2 functions does this molecule have?

Answer 16

Pyridoxal Phosphate–It helps in AA catabolism (aminotransferase) AND works with DALA to make HEME!

Question 17

What is the important role of Biotin (B7)? What is the TIGHTEST BOND IN NATURE that can lead to a Biotin deficiency?

Answer 17

Fixation of CO2…Can become deficient when it binds to AVID-in. (an uncooked egg protein, have to consume like freaking 12 uncooked eggs to get a deficiency)

Question 18

B7

Answer 18

Biotin

Question 19

What important molecule is created from Folic Acid (B9)? What is the crazy outcome of a deficiency here?

Answer 19

TetraHydroFolate!! For 1 carbon metabolism… Megaloblastic Anemia

Question 20

What are the 2 main structural features of Cobalamin (B12)?

Answer 20

1.Cobalt in the center and 2. 4 pyrrole rings surrounding it

Question 21

What two processes need Cobalamin (B12)?

Answer 21

1. Methionine Synthesis (SAM!!!) 2. Hematapoeisis (hey i founf it in beta oxidation too!!)

Question 22

What are 2 results of Cobalamin (B12) deficiency?

Answer 22

1.Purine/Thymine synthesis 2. Pernicious Anemia (a type of megaloblastic anemia)

Question 23

What are the two vitamin deficiencies that can lead to megaloblastic anemia?

Answer 23

Cobalamin (B12) and Folic Acid (B9) (makes sense because they are BOTH in the methyl cycle to make SAM!)

Question 24

Which vitamin is a coenzyme in hydroxylation reactions?

Answer 24

As-cor-bic acid (Vitamin C), hydroxylate collagen fibers!

Question 25

What is the main water-soluble antioxidant?

Answer 25

Ascorbic Acid! (Vit C)

Question 26

What is the main result of a ascorbic acid deficiency?

Answer 26

Scurvy