Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Metabolism > 1.1-BasicPrinciples > Flashcards

1.1-BasicPrinciples Flashcards

1
Q

What does a series of linked, enzyme-catalyzed reactions constitute?

A

a metabolic PATHWAY

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is another word for a metabolic intermediate?

A

A metabolite

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What should we always assume is present during a pathway?

A

An enzyme!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the two main components of metabolism? What is the definition of each?

A

Catabolism: GENERATE energy to drive vital reactions, and Anabolism: the SYNTHESIS of biological molecules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the three main properties of catabolic pathways?

A
  1. EXERGONIC 2. OXIDATIVE(electrons are transferred to NAD+ and NADP+) 3. Energy temporarily captured as ATP
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Is the catabolic pathway LEO or GER? OIL or RIG?

A

LEO/OIL so catabolic pathway is loss of electrons which means they are reducing agents

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the three main stages of catabolism?

A
  1. Hydrolysis of complex molecules to monomers 2. Convert them to Acetyl-CoA in mitochondria 3. Oxidize the Acetyl CoA to CO2 and H2O
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the three properties of anabolic pathways?

A
  1. Endergonic 2. Reductive (hydride ions from NADPH used) 3. ATP is consumed during biosynthesis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Besides calories, what does food provide so cells can make their own molecules? (Interesting, I’ve never thought of this before) :)

A

Carbon Skeletons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the two molecules made for long term energy storage?

A

Glycogen and Triacylglycerol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are our two sexy strippers?

A

NAD+ and FAD they are our electron strippers (oxidizing agent)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is NAD+ picking up? What does it become?

A

2 electrons and a PROTON (not a hydrogen atom) (or a H atom AND an electron)….This will make it become NADH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What does a high amount of NAD+ in the cell mean?

A

That the cell is hungry, low in energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is FAD picking up? What does it become?

A

2 Hydrogen Atoms (so 2 electrons)…..It becomes FADH2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Which taxi cab do we use in catabolism?

A

NAD+

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Which taxi cab do we use in Anabolism?

A

NADP+

17
Q

What type of reaction is it going to be when you see a “dehydrogenase” involved?

A

Must be a Redox reaction!

18
Q

Which reaction type produces low molecular weight and energy poor products?

A

Catabolism

19
Q

Which reaction type produces diverse, large molecular weight, and energy rich products?

A

Anabolism

20
Q

What happens when metabolic pathways go unregulated and catabolism and anabolism occur at the same rate?

A

FUTILE cycling

21
Q

What are the three ways we can separate catabolic and anabolic pathways to prevent futile cycling?

A
  1. Use different enzymes 2. Different compartments 3. Keep enzymes organized together “pass the baton”
22
Q

What is the term for the amount of energy capable of doing work (at a const. T and P)?

A

Gibbs Free Energy

23
Q

What 3 main things do we use Gibbs free energy for?

A

Building molecules, maintaining [ ] gradients, and contracting muscles

24
Q

How do I find DELTA G? (The change in G)

A

Products- Reactants

25
Q

What is the DELTA G eq?

A

DeltaG= DeltaH - TDeltaS Get Higher Test Scores

26
Q

Which reaction type is exergonic and therefore spontaneous in the forward direction?

A

Catabolism

27
Q

Which reaction type is endergonic and therefore spontaneous in the reverse direction?

A

Anabolism

28
Q

What are the conditions for standard DeltaGnotPrime? [ ]? Temp? Pressure? pH? Water [ ] ?

A

Reactants and Products are set at 1 Molar….Temp 298K…. Pressure 1atm….pH=7…..Water [ ] 55.5 Molar

29
Q

Why does DeltaG=DeltaGnotPrime at standard conditions?

A

Because the [P] & [R] is constant at 1 and the ln of 1 = 0

30
Q

What three things can Free Energy changes predict?

A
  1. Direction of the rxn 2. [P] & [R] @ Eq 3. AMOUNT OF WORK it can do
31
Q

What important thing does Gibbs free energy NOT tell us?

A

The rate of a reaction

32
Q

What are two basic principles of bioenergetics?

A
  1. Even with a +DeltaGnotPrime, the rxn can still go forward with the removal of product 2. You can ADD DeltaGnotPrimes of sequential reactions!
33
Q

What are the two ways to make ATP?

A
  1. Substrate level (rudimentary) 2. Oxidative Phosphorylation (BOOM TIME)
34
Q

What are the three ways ATP hydrolysis is stabilized?

A

a. Separation of charge b. the inorganic phosphate gets stabilized by resonance c. the product ADP2-is ionized

35
Q

How does ATP provide energy?

A

Group Transfers (not hydrolysis)

36
Q

Are there other high energy compounds besides ATP?

A

YES

37
Q

What are the three levels of metabolic regulation?

A
  1. Allosteric 2. Hormonal regulation 3. [enzyme]

Metabolism (35 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions