1.9-PD&CAC

Question 1

How does pyruvate get from the cytosol to the matrix? (2 membranes)

Answer 1

Through pores in the outer mitochondial membrane, and by pyruvate translocase in the inner membrane

Question 2

What molecule anti ports with pyruvate into the matrix?

Answer 2

OH-

Question 3

What are the three products of the pyruvate dehydrogenase reaction? Is this reaction reversible?

Answer 3

1. 1 CO2(per pyruvate) 2. 1 NADH (per pyruvate) and 3. 1 Acetyl-CoA (per pyruvate)….THIS RXN IS NOT REVERSIBLE (hence why we can’t turn FAT to GLUCOSE )

Question 4

BIG Q Relating Lecutres!!: What are the 5 prosthetic groups for the Pyruvate Dehydrogenase enzyme complex? hint: 4 water soluble vitamins at work!!

Answer 4

1. TPP (Thiamine PyroPhosphate a B1 Thiamine molecule) 2. Lipoamide 3. FAD (B2 Riboflavin) 4.NAD (B3-Niacin) 5. CoA-SH (B5 PentoThenic Acid)

Question 5

How many Cs get fed into the CAC? How many Cs come out?

Answer 5

2 in (acetyl-CoA) and 2 out (CO2)

Question 6

How many NADH and FADH2 are made EACH TURN of CAC? How many CO2?

Answer 6

3 NADH and 1 FADH2…2 CO2

Question 7

Do we yield ATP out of CAC?

Answer 7

No!

Question 8

Which high energy molecule do we get out of CAC?

Answer 8

1 GTP

Question 9

Why does the CAC operate only under aerobic conditions?

Answer 9

Because we need NAD+ and FAD from OxidPhos to be fed into the CAC

Question 10

AFTER ITS ALL SAID AND DONE (Glycolysis, PD, and CAC) how many CO2s? NADH? FADH2? ATP/GTP? SO theoretically how many ATP out of Aerobic Respiratoin?

Answer 10

CO2: 6, NADH: 10, FADH2: 2, ATP/GTP: 4…Theoretically 32ATP (a BUTT LOAD)

Question 11

HUGE concept! What are the 4 controls for PD & CAC? Which 3 are regulatory because of their EXERGONIC nature?

Answer 11

1.PD Reaction (most complex) 2. Citrate Synthase 3. Isocitrate Dehydrogenase 4.alpha-ketogluatate dehydrogenase… all the CACs (#s 2,3,4) (2,3,4 are all on R side of the cycle!!)

Question 12

What are the 4 main allosteric INHIBITORS of PDHComplex?

Answer 12

1. ATP/GTP 2. Acetyl-CoA 3.NADH 4. FAs (all “high energy” molecules)

Question 13

What are the 4 allosteric ACTIVATORS of the PDHComplex?

Answer 13

1.AMP 2.CoA (=low acetyl-CoA) 3.NAD+ 4.Ca2+ (ODD BALL) (All “low energy” molecules)

Question 14

Is PDHComplex active when DEphosphorylated or phosphorylated?

Answer 14

PDHComplex is ACTIVE when DEPHOSPHORYLATED (ONLY TIME WE SEE GLUCAGON DOING A DEPHOSPHORYLATING EVENT!!!)