1.2-Membranes&Transport Flashcards
How thick is the phospholipid bilayer?
3 nanometers (you can fit 33,000 into a human hair) :) Marble to Earth analogy?!
What are the 3 MAJOR membrane lipid families?
- GlyceroPhosphoLipids 2. SphingoLipids 3. Cholesterol
What are the 3 major functions of cholesterol in the membrane?
Fluidity, Strength (only 3nm separating our DNA from the outside world), Shape
What is the odd type of PhosphoGlyceride that has an ether linkage instead of a esther linkage?
Plas-Mal-O-Gen
What are the four variable groups we talked about for GlyceroPhosphoLipids?
- EthanolAmide 2.Choline 3. Serine 4. In-O-Si-Tol
What is the intermediate between a TriAcylGlycerol and a GlyceroPhosphoLipid?
A PhosphidAte
What are the four types of sphingolipids?
1.CER-AMIDE 2. sphingo-MYELIN 3. Glucosyl-Cerebro-side 4. Ganglio-Side
What is the most common sphinolipid in our cells?
SphingoMyelin
What is the only sphingolipid AND phospholipid?
SphingoMyelin
What is the disease that arises from the inability to degrade gangliosides in the cell?
Tay-Sachs Disease (NERVOUS tissue most affected)
What is the disease that arises front he inability to degrade glucosyl-cerebro-sides?
Gaucher’s Disease
Is sphingoMyelin found more on the outer leaflet of the bilayer or the inner leaflet?
Outer
What are the two membrane liquids that form the “Lipid Raft”?
Cholesterol & SphingoMyelin
What are the two types of membrane protein?
Integral and Peripheral
Which membrane protein is embedded in two layers?
Integral
Which membrane protein is superficially attached to one side of the cell?
Peripheral
About how many AA’s can fit into a membrane? FASCINATING
about 25
Which integral membrane protein passes through the membrane one time? (very popular on RBCs)
Glyco-Phor-In
What phenomena helps to anchor membrane proteins?
CHARGE! The negative charge of the phospholipid head is attracted to the positive portions of the protein to keep it anchored
Which secondary AA structure is inside the membrane for the membrane protein?
Alpha-helix
For a membrane protein like Glyco-Phor-In were are the carbohydrates found?
On the outside of the cell
What were our two examples of Integral Membrane Proteins that pass through the cell more then once? How many times did they pass?
Rhodopsin (7) and Aquaporin (6)
What are the three membrane protein anchors?
1.Acylation (Fatty Acyl Group + Glycene) 2. PREN-ylation (isoPRENE 5C group through Cystine) 3. GPI (Glycosly-Phosphatidyl-Inositol: contains P.I. & P.E.
What are the three main types of protein transport?
Active, Facilitated, and Secondary Active
What are the three types of secondary active transport?
Uniporters, Symporters, Antiporters
What type of transport is Glucose taken into the cell by? What is the specific name of their membrane proteins?
Facilitated Transport. GLUTs
How do the GLUTs get glucose into the cell?
Conformational change! Start open, accept the glucose, close, and open other side to let glucose in!
What two drugs bind to Na/K pumps and block their activity?
Oua-Bain (Wee-baine) and Digoxin
What are the four types of ATP powered transport proteins?
- P class (Plasma) 2. V class (Vacuolar) 3. F class (Fucking bacteria) 4. ABC Superfamily (AtpBindingCassett)
How are the four types of ATP powered transport proteins grouped?
P,V,F all move ION against their [ ] gradients. ABD superfamily move molecules
