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Metabolism > 2.3-LipidDigestion&Absorption > Flashcards

2.3-LipidDigestion&Absorption Flashcards

1
Q

What type of lipid makes 90% of our dietary lipids??

A

TriAcylGlycerols!

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2
Q

What are the two essential Fatty Acids? What are their omega types?

A

LIN-OLE-IC (Omega 6) & LIN-OLE-N-IC (Omega 3) add an N equals 3?

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3
Q

Where are the three lipid enzymes made in the body?

A

The Pancreas

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4
Q

What are the three main lipid enzymes we discussed?

A

Cholesterol Esterase, Lipase, Pancreatic Lipase

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5
Q

What enzyme is released to begin emulsification in the mouth with ingested phospholipids? What is a source of phospholipids? Does this lipid hydrolysis happen often in adults?

A

Lingual Lipase. Cells that you eat. No it does not happen often in adults in mouth or stomach.

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6
Q

What are the two lipid enzymes in the stomach? What is the optimal pH?

A

Acid-Stable(Lingual) Lipase & Gastric Lipase-only works at pH of 7. Only babies have a pH of 7 in the stomach

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7
Q

What turns macroscopic fat particles into microscopic drops? What are the microscopic droplets called?

A

Bile Salts break up the big particles. Micelles.

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8
Q

Where are bile salts made? Where are they stored?

A

Made in the liver, stored in the gallbladder

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9
Q

What are bile salts derived from? What are the two conjugates?

A

Derived from cholesterol(cholic acid). Conjugates of Glycene (Glycocholic Acid) and Taurine (Taurocholic Acid)

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10
Q

What is the name of the cycle in which bile salts are made in the liver, used in the s.i., and then returned to the liver?

A

ENTERO-HEPATIC Cycle

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11
Q

What hormone stimulates gallbladder bile release, pancreatic enzyme release, slow of gastric emptying, and tells the brain its full?

A

CHOLE-CYSTO-KININ (CCK y’all)

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12
Q

What is the hormone that helps neutralize the pH of the stomach to the s.i.? Where is it released? What does it tell the pancreas to do?

A

SECRETIN- Release from the Doudenum- tells the pancreas to release BiCarb

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13
Q

What was the first hormone ever identified in 1902?

A

Secretin

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14
Q

Which pancreatic enzyme takes TriAcylGlycerols to MonoAcylGlycerols?

A

Pancreatic Lipase

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15
Q

Which pancreatic enzyme breaks down cholesterol esters to free fatty acids and cholesterol?

A

Cholesteryl Esterase.. Crazy name, I know

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16
Q

Which pancreatic enzyme removes fatty acids from phospholipids?

A

PhosphoLipase A2. Wow, another crazy ass name

17
Q

Which pancreatic enzyme works best at the Interfacial Activation? What is it stabilized with?

A

Pancreatic Lipase..Stabilized with CoLipase

18
Q

What is the origin of the CoLipase? What is it cleaved by? What is the other 5 AA signaler??

A

Origin: ProCoLipase Cleaved by: Trypsin Other 5AA product: ENTERO-STATIN

19
Q

What is the function of EnteroStatin?

A

Satiety! Where can I get some of that!!

20
Q

Is the reaction for converting cholesterol ester to cholesterol very efficient? Do we really need to absorb cholesterol?

A

Cholesteryl Esterase is not a very efficient reaction. Don;t care because our liver synthesizes the cholesterol we need!

21
Q

What are the two enzymes activated by Trypsin?

A

ProCoLipase & PhosphoLipase A2

22
Q

Which enzyme removes a fatty acid at C2 of a phospholipid and turns it into a lysophospholipid?

A

PhosphoLipase A2

23
Q

Which enzyme is involved in Bee and Snake venom?

A

Phospholipase A2

24
Q

Which enzyme removes the remaining fatty acid from lysophospholipid?

A

LysoPhosphoLipase. ANOTHER CRAZY NAME :)

25
Q

What protein (2 names) handles Fatty Acids once in the intestinal cell? What is the “shape” of the protein?

A

FABP2 (FattyAcid Binding Protein2) AKA I-FABP (Intestinal-Fatty Acid Binding Protein).. its a “beta-Clam” structure

26
Q

What three forms components of fat can enter the intestinal cell?

A

MonoAcylGlycerol, FreeFattyAcids, and Cholesterol

27
Q

Since short and medium chain FAs are so special and don’t need Chylomicrons, what do they use to get around?

A

The Special Bus: ALBUMIN!

28
Q

What device carries Long chain FAs around the lymphatics?

A

ChyloMicrons!

29
Q

The function of Fatty Acy-CoA Synthase is

A

None of the Above??!?!

30
Q

What do we add to fats in digestion?

A

coA

Metabolism (35 decks)

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