2.5-FAOxidation & KetoGenesis Flashcards
Which hormone blocks the break up of TAGs? Which two partner hormones activate the break up of TAGs?
Block: Insulin (we’re full, lets make more TAGs) Activate: Glucagon/Epi (We’re hungry, lets use fat as fuel!)
Which hormone typically causes a phosphorylation event?
Glucagon!
What type of lipase does glucagon activate in a cell?
TAG Lipase to break it up!
What is the fate of the Glycerol backbone after the TAG is broken up? 2 options.
Glycolysis or GNG
How is the FA trapped in a cell again? What enzyme?
FACS FattyAcyl CoA Synthase
What does Fatty Acyl CoA need to be converted to in order to enter the mitochondria? What enzyme helps this? Whats another name for this enzyme?
Goes to Acyl CARNITINE! Enzyme: CPT1(Carnitine AcylTransferase I)
What transport protein gets Acyl Carnatine into the mit matrix WHILE getting unused Carnitine back out of the matrix?
CAT
What enzyme converts acyl carnitine BACK to Fatty Acyl CoA once inside the Mit Matrix?
CPT2!!
What must happen if a FA chain is greater then 20Cs? What is a potentially harmful by product?
Break it down to 18Cs in a Peroxisome.. H2O2 byproduct
What is an Inhibitor of converting Fatty Acyl CoA to Acyl Carnitine ( therefor STOPPING oxidation and promoting fat synthesis!)
MAL-ON-YL CoA
How many Acetyl CoAs, NADHs, and FADH2s are we going to get from Palmitate?
8 Acetyl CoAs, 7NADH, 7FADH2
What are the 4 steps for Beta Oxidation?
Oxidation Hydration Oxidation Thiolysis
Between which two Cs am I going to cut the chain?
Alpha and Beta!
What are the two products of very long fa oxidation in the peroxisome?
Octanoyl CoA and Acetyl CoA
Which vitamin is needed for ODD numbered oxidation? What is the product of ODD numbered ox?
Vitamin B12, product is Propionyl-CoA (3Cs) (Actual path 3C Prop–>methyl.—using B12—->Succinyl—CAC)
What needs to happen to Unsaturated FAs before they can be oxidized? What do we lose as a result?
They are ISOMERIZED! We lose a FADH2 :(
What are Unsaturated fats isomerized to before they are oxidized?
trans-delta2-Enoyl CoA
What are the 3 products of Ketogenesis?
A-SEE-TO-ASS-EH-TATE, ASS-EH-TONE, & D-3-HY-DROXY-BUT-YR-ATE
Where is KetoGenesis happening?
the Matrix
Which molecule (also involved in Cholesterol Syn) is going to be broken down into our three Ketogenesis products?
3H-3-MG-CoA
What is the result of uncontrolled ketone body production?
Keto-acid-osis
Which biomolecule metabolism is necessary to get all the fuel out of fats?
Carb metabolism! Keep the CAC going for fats to use
How many rounds of B-Oxidation are needed for 18C FA to Acetyl CoA?
8 (9Acetyl CoA-1=#of oxidations)
The rate of B-Oxidation decreased by…
high FADH2, NADH, Insulin, and MalonylCoA….???!!!
