Wk 9- Infectious Microbial Agents

Question 1

What are the 4 main microorganism?

1. F-
2. P-
3. B-
4. V-

Answer 1

1. Fungi
2. Protozoa
3. Bacteria
4. Viruses

Question 2

Microorganism classification:

Saprophages: live off dead and d? matter
Symbionts: live together with -
Commensals: live with and host and cause no harm
Parasites: live on/in another o? and cause p? conditions

Answer 2

decaying
host
organism, pathogenic

Question 3

Fungi:

E-
Uni cellular = ?
Multicellular = ?
Yeasts live in - environments 
? are visible mycelium 
Infection = myc?

Answer 3

Eukaryotes 
Yeasts
Moulds
Aqueous 
Moulds 
Mycoses

Question 4

Fungi mycoses:
Types of infections

1. Su? : outermost surface layer skin
2. C- : colonise in hair/skin/ nails
3. Sub C-: entry via skin trauma
4. Sy? : via spores, most dangerous

Answer 4

1. Superficial
2. Cutaneous
3. Sub cutaneous
4. Systemic

Question 5

Protozoa:

Unicellular E-
Very mobile 
Engulf small microorganisms
- environments 
Ingested in contaminated food and drink (g-) 
Carried by insects

Answer 5

Eukaryotes
Aqueous
Giardia

Question 6

Bacteria:

No nucleus= P-
No m- bound o-
External f- / pili for mobility
Bacteria in every habitat on earth

Answer 6

Prokaryotes
Membrane ,organelles
Flagella

Question 7

Pathogenic bacteria:

E coli
Fast replication =1 to 1 - in 8 hours
Inhabits i-
Cause gastro-

Answer 7

million
Intestines
Gastroenteritis

Question 8

Periodontitis: bacteria

Porphyromonas g?
Bacterial anti? and immune system
Immune cells release ROS( R? Oxygen sp?) super oxide and hydrogen peroxide to attack bacteria
ROS attacks host tissue and attracts more - cells

Answer 8

Gingivalis
Antigens
Reactive oxygen species
Immune

Question 9

Viruses:

Sub microscopic entities
They are ultra cellular p- , NOT cells
No n? o? or cytoplasm
Replicate - host

Answer 9

Parasites
Nucleus, organelles
Inside

Question 10

Virus / virion structure:

Viral DNA/RNA encapsulated pr? shell = capsid
Viral e? enable insertion into host DNA
Outer layer from host cell l? bilayer
Use hosts biochemical replication mechanism

Answer 10

protein
Enzymes
Lipid

Question 11

Viral Haemagglutinins and Neuraminidase:

Haemagglutinins:
Anti? glycoproteins on viral s?
Binds virus to host cells
1- different H identified

Answer 11

Antigenic , surface

18

Question 12

Viral H and N:

Neuraminidase:
E- on viral surface
Acts on infected cells surface to release viral progency
- different N’s

Answer 12

Enzymes
Release
9

Question 13

Effects of viral infection:

L? = cell rupturing , cell swell, functions diminish 
Syncytia= cells form together into large multi n? mass

Answer 13

Lysis

Nucleated

Question 14

Mutations to viral DNA/RNA:

Results in different viral s?
Difficult for treatment

Answer 14

Strains