Wk 2- Biochemistry (atoms)

Question 1

Atom structure

Atoms are made of - , -, -

• and - are inside the atoms nucleus
• orbit on valence shells
  The combined amount of - ,- = the atomic mass

Answer 1

Protons , neutrons and electrons
Electrons
Protons and neutrons = atomic mass

Question 2

Atomic stability

Atoms want to be stable
Atoms with a - valence shell of electrons = - / inert, unreactive

Atoms without a - valence shell = - /-
Valence shells have an - number of electrons to be stable

Answer 2

Full , stable
Full, unstable, reactive
Even

Question 3

Valence shells

Usually have - rings / shells
- electrons in the first shell and - in the next 2 shells

Atoms can have up to 1- shells

Answer 3

3
2 electrons , 8 ,8
18 shells

Question 4

Reactivity

Atoms want to be stable.
To do this they -,- and - electrons.

Answer 4

Share , gain, lose

Question 5

Atomic structure

Protons carry a - charge
Neutrons carry a - charge
Electrons carry a - charge

Answer 5

Positive
Neutral
Negative

Question 6

Ions : the process of becoming stable
Gaining/ losing / sharing

Ions have an - - number of protons and electrons

Cation = ?charged
They have more - than - as they - electrons

Anion= ? charged
They have more - than - as they - electrons

Answer 6

Unequal
Positively
Protons , electrons , lose

Negatively
Electrons , protons , gain

Question 7

Chemical bonds

What are the 3 chemical bonds ?

Answer 7

1. Ionic
2. Covalent
3. Hydrogen

Question 8

Ionic bonds

Are not strong bonds , they form between ions.
Ions are held together by an - charge
+ charged ions = ?
- charged ions = ?

Answer 8

Electrical
Cations
Anions

Question 9

Covalent bonds

Covalent bonds are the strongest bonds
They are the - common in the human body
Covalent bonds are made when 2+ atoms - electrons
Single covalent bonds = - electrons are shared
Double covalent bonds = - electrons are shared

Answer 9

Most
Share
2
4

Question 10

Covalent bonds

Can be either - or non -
- is - sharing of electrons
Non - is - sharing of electrons

Answer 10

Polar , non polar
Polar , unequal
Non polar , equal

Question 11

Sharing electrons
Polar bonds :

Unequal sharing of electrons
The larger atom has - time of the electron in the shell orbit which creates -/- areas of an atom
The larger atom dominates the - time

Answer 11

Most
+/-
Electrons

Question 12

Sharing electrons
Non polar bonds:

Non polar bonds have - sharing of the electron
Similar - atoms have - attraction

Answer 12

Equal

Size , equal

Question 13

Hydrogen bonds

Are the weakest bonds
They are the most - in - organisms
- molecules use hydrogen bonds
Negative and positive areas in the polar areas of atom attract each other (like a battery +-)

Answer 13

Important , biological

Polar

Question 14

Matter exists in three main states. What are they?
Atoms and molecules are composed of matter
S?
L?
G?

Answer 14

Solid
Liquid
Gas

Question 15

The human body contains 2? Elements. 
What are the main 4 elements?
1. C?
2. O?
3. H?
4. N?

Answer 15

26
Carbon
Oxygen
Hydrogen 
Nitrogen