Wk 1- The Cell

Question 1

The background to cells
Whose research resulted in cell theory?
In 1–5 they placed slices of - under a microscope and noticed small compartments , naming them cells.

Answer 1

Robert Hooke

1665, cork

Question 2

Basic structure of Eukaryotic cell

Cell membrane - encases?
Nucleus - contains ?
Cytoplasm - contains ? And ?

Answer 2

Cell contents
DNA genetic information
Organelles and cytosol

Question 3

Non membraneous organelles

Cytoskeleton:

Provides - support 
Consists of 3 components 
1. Micro filaments (contractile ability) 
- - tin and - - - sin 
2. - filaments ( stabilise cell) 
3. Micro- (determine shape) 
Involved in movement

Answer 3

Structural support

1. Actin and myosin
2. Intermediate
3. Micro tubules

Question 4

Non membraneous organelles

Micro villi : 
Small - like projections 
Increase - area of cell 
Extensions on cell aid in - 
Line areas of - tract

Answer 4

Finger like
Surface
Absorption
Digestive

Question 5

Non membraneous organelles

Cilia:
Long -like extensions of cell
Line - tract
Aids - of mucus

Answer 5

Finger like
Respiratory
Movement

Question 6

Non membraneous organelles

Centrioles:
Instrumental in cell -
Short sections of micro-
Surrounded by centrosome

Answer 6

Division

Micro tubule

Question 7

Non membraneous organelles

Ribosomes:

Synthesise -
Free ribosomes dispersed in -
Fixed ribosomes on rough - -
Ribosomes in -

Answer 7

Cytoplasm
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
Mitochondria

Question 8

Membraneous organelles

Mitochondria:
- house of the cell
Sites of - production 
Produce majority of ATP (- - -) 
Contains own DNA (-DNA)

Answer 8

Powerhouse
Energy
Adenosine triphosphate
mDNA

Question 9

Membraneous organelles

Endoplasmic Reticulum:
Membrane network attached to - envelope
Rough ER 
Manufacture of -
Enclosure of - for transfer to - complex

Answer 9

Nuclear
Protein
Protein , Golgi

Question 10

Membraneous organelles

Smooth Endoplasmic reticulum :
Extends from rough ER
Synthesis of fatty - and steroids 
Enzymes of smooth ER:
Inactivation, - of drugs , alcohol 
Break ? of glycogen / glucose in the liver

Answer 10

Acids
Detoxification
Breakdown

Question 11

Membraneous organelles

Golgi complex:
Transports , modifies, sorts and packages -
Products packaged into
1. Secretory vesicles for delivery - cell
2. - vesicles for cell membrane components
3. Transport vesicles for delivery - cell

Answer 11

Outside
Membrane
Within

Question 12

Membraneous organelles

Lysosomes:

• disposal and -
  Contain powerful digestive -
  Fuse with vesicles containing damaged / foreign organelles (-)
  Break ? and eject unwanted components from cell

Answer 12

Waste disposal and recycling
Enzymes
Bacteria
Breakdown

Question 13

Membraneous organelles

Peroxisomes:

Contain powerful - enzymes
- harmful substances such as alcohol
High density in - cells

Answer 13

Oxidising
Detoxify
Liver cells

Question 14

Phospholipid bilayer

Covers most of the surface of cell
Arranged in 2 layers :
Exterior layer = hydro ? ( water loving )
Interior layer = hydro ? (water hating)

Answer 14

Hydrophilic

Hydrophobic