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Human Biology > Wk 12- Reproductive System > Flashcards

Wk 12- Reproductive System Flashcards

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1
Q

Male reproductive system:

What are the 4 main components?

  1. T ?
  2. Epi?
  3. D vas D?
  4. P and U ?
A
  1. Testes
  2. Epidydimis
  3. Ductus vas deferens
  4. Penis Urethra
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2
Q

Male reproductive system:

What are the 3 accessory glands?

  1. Sem? vesicles ?
  2. P?
  3. B cowpers glands
A
  1. Seminary vesicles
  2. Prostate
  3. Bulbourethral Cowper’s glands
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3
Q

Testes:

Paired oval glands
Located outside the a- cavity : ? Degrees lower than core temperature
Internally divided into -50 lobules
Each lobule = 1-? Coiled sem? tubules

A

Abdominopelvic cavity , 3 degrees
250 lobules
1-4 lobules , seminiferous tubules

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4
Q

Seminiferous tubules:

What are the 3 cells inside the seminiferous tubules?
1. Sp? cells : produce s?

  1. Su? sertoli cells : support spermatogenesis, supply nourishment, remove excess c?, blood testes barrier (prevents — penetration)
  2. Int? leydig cells : secrete t?
A
  1. Spermatogenic cells, sperm
  2. Sustentacular cells , nourishment, cytoplasm, white blood cells
  3. Interstitial , testosterone
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5
Q

Epididymis and ductus vas deferens ducts:

Epididymis:
Coiled duct 
Involved in maturation of s? 
S? Storage 
Removes damaged s?

Ductus vas deferens:
45 cm long
Ascends into p? Cavity
Transports sperm to u?

A

Sperm
Sperm
Sperm

Pelvic
Urethra

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6
Q

Male accessory glands :

  1. Seminal vesicles

Secrete viscous alkaline fluid ( fructose and Clotting pr? And prostaglandins)
Contributes 60 to -0% Semen volume

A

protein

60-70%

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7
Q

Male accessory glands :

  1. Prostate gland:

Produce alkaline pro? Fluid
Nutrient source and enzymes
– to 30% semen volume

A

Prostatic fluid

20-30%

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8
Q

Male accessory glands :

  1. Bulbourethral gland:
    Alkaline mucous secreting
    Mucous to neutralise u- acid
A

Neutralise urinary acid

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9
Q

Female reproductive system:

Produces g?
Supports develop e/f

What are the 4 Principles structures?

  1. O?
  2. U?/ fallopian Tubes
  3. U?
  4. V?
A

Gametes
Embryo/fetus

  1. Ovaries
  2. Uterine / Fallopian tubes
  3. Uterus
  4. Vagina
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10
Q

The ovaries

The ovaries = female g?
Paired organs
Produce female g? Secondary o?
Produce e? And p?

Ovaries cortex- ovarian f?
Ovaries medulla- blood vessels/ ly?And n?

A 
Gonads 
Gametes , oocytes 
Estrogen , progesterone 
Ovarian follicles 
Lymphatic and nerves
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11
Q

Ovarian follicles:

Consist of o?
Cells nourish o? And secrete oestrogen
Mature Graafian follicle = fluid cell r? Expels s? Oocyte
Corpus lutem (?)= follicle after discharging s? O? Then disintegrates = corpus albicans (?)

A 
Oocytes 
Oocytes 
Ruptures , secondary oocyte 
Yellow body , secondary oocyte 
White body
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12
Q

Follicular development:

Formation female g? = o?
Millions of oocytes produced in fetal development
Degenerate over time : remaining develop into p? Oocytes
–,000 at puberty
-00 mature and ovulate during life cycle

A

Gametes = oocytes
Primary oocytes
40,000
400

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13
Q

Uterine/ Fallopian tubes :

Main site of f?
Hollow muscular tube divided into 3 parts

  1. Infundibulum = close to o?
  2. Amp-? = widest part and thick m- wall
  3. Is-? = narrow, nearest u?
A

Fertilisation

  1. Ovary
  2. Ampulla , muscular
  3. Isthmus , uterus
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14
Q

Uterine / fallopian tubes:

Lined with c? Moves fertilised ovum / secondary oocytes to u?

P? Movements in muscularis layer facilitates movement
Non ciliated Cells secrete nourishing fluid.

A

Cilia , uterus

Peristaltic

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15
Q

The uterus :

Site of im? of ovum
Development of e/f?

Divided into 3 parts (similar to stomach)

  1. F? Dome top portion
  2. B? Large central area
  3. Cer? Narrow and lowest portion
A

Implantation
Embryo/fetus

  1. Fundus
  2. Body
  3. Cervix
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16
Q

Uterine wall:

What are the 3 layers?
1. Peri? / serosa : outer layer

  1. My? : thickest section , 3 layers s? m? , contractions during birth
  2. En? : inner lining of uterus
    Made of 2 layers
A
  1. Perimetrium
  2. Myometrium smooth muscle
  3. Endometrium
17
Q

Endometrium:

What are the 2 layers?

  1. Stratum fu? : lines uterine cavity , sheds in m?
  2. Stratum ba? : permanent layer, produces new stratum f? after m?
A
  1. Functionalis, menstruation

2. Basalis , functionalis, menstruation

18
Q

Vagina:

Muscular tract lined mucosa
Mucosa contains gly?
Breakdown of gl? by bacteria produces l? Acid
Acid protects against m? entry and growth
Environment is hostile to s?

A

Glycogen
Glycogen, lactic
Microorganisms
Sperm

19
Q

Male and female gonads:

What are the hormones produced by the gonads ?

Testes = an? Test?

Ovaries = e? and p?

A

Androgens , testosterone

Estrogen , progesterone

Human Biology (34 decks)

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