Wk 4 - Functions Gastrointestinal System

Question 1

The 6 functions of the gastrointestinal system:

1. I? (Oral cavity)
2. S? (Pancreas/liver/stomach)
3. Mixing and p? (Stomach)
4. D? (Stomach)
5. A? (Small intestine)
6. D? (Large intestine)

Answer 1

Ingestion
Secretion
Propulsion 
Digestion 
Absorption 
Defacation

Question 2

The stomach:

Oblique/circular/longitudinal smooth muscles create mixing waves = ?

P? and hydrochloric ? released by cells
? mixed in the body of stomach and pylorus

Answer 2

Peristalsis
Pepsinogen , acid
Chyme

Question 3

Stomach:

Pepsin = breaks down p?
Lipase= breaks down Tri? (fat)
The stomach is not designed for absorption

Answer 3

Protein

Triglyceride

Question 4

Role of the liver:

Synthesis and release of b? breaks down l? This makes more effective absorption in the ?
B? is created in the liver but stored in the g? B?
1L B produced/day

Answer 4

Bile, lipids
Small intestine
Bile, gall bladder
Bile

Question 5

Role of the pancreas:

The pancreas produces and s? d? E?
These aid in digestion and increases the ph of the c? for small intestine absorption.
Pancreatic juice = buffers/enzymes to help digestion (a?l?p?n?)
1-1.5 litres produced ?

Answer 5

Secrets, digestive enzymes
Chyme
Amylase lipase protease nucleases
Daily

Question 6

Small intestine:

-0% of absorption occurs here
Nutrients is transferred to b? and l?
Larger molecules/lipids pass through l? to allow passage into b? and l?
Small molecules pass through capillaries

Answer 6

90%
Blood , lymph
Lacteals
Bloody , lymph

Question 7

Intestinal absorption in the simplest/singular forms
Only the singular forms are absorbed *
Carbs ~ ?
Proteins ~? 
Lipids~ free ? 

Large triglycerides pass through ? in v? to enter into blood via the l? system.

Answer 7

Monosaccharide
Amino acid
Free fatty acids
Lacteals , villi , lymphatic system

Question 8

Intestinal absorption:

Proteins = absorbed into epithelial cells as amino acids ?peptides and ?peptides.
Transferred to blood as ?

Answer 8

Dipeotides, tripeptides , amino acids

Question 9

Intestinal absorption:

Lipids= pass into epithelial cells.
Large triglycerides form ch? and pass into ? in villi and then into the lymphatic system and blood.

Answer 9

Chylomicrons , lacteals

Question 10

Large intestine:

Absorption of ? not nutrients ~ around ?00ml daily
Absorption of ? and vitamin b/k
Converts watery chyme to semi solid faeces.

Answer 10

Water ,900

Electrolytes

Question 11

Nutrients absorbed in blood:

Pancreas~
Produces digestive ? and pancreatic ?
Amylase (?) lipase (?) protease (?) nucleases (?)
These ? breakdown macromolecules to m? for absorption

Answer 11

Enzymes, juice
Carbs, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids
Enzymes , monomers

Question 12

Nutrients absorbed in blood:

Liver~
Releases ?
Breaks down ? = lipases work more effectively for absorption

All monomers transferred to blood and lymph via absorbed into epithelial cells in the ?

Answer 12

Bile
Lipids
Small intestine