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History - Britain Transformed > Why were the Conservatives able to dominate interwar politics? (1a) > Flashcards

Why were the Conservatives able to dominate interwar politics? (1a) Flashcards

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1
Q

How were the Conservatives able to dominate interwar politics?

A
  • Government coalition
  • Withdraw of coalition
  • Won 1924 election
  • Agreed to be part of National government
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2
Q

When was the coalition government?

A

1918-1922

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3
Q

How many seats did the Conservative party have in the 1918 coalition?

A

335

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4
Q

How many seats did the Liberals have in the 1918 coalition?

A

133

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5
Q

What year did the conservatives withdraw from the coalition?

A

1922, won following election

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6
Q

What happened in the December 1923 election?

A

Conservatives lost overall majority but remained largest party

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7
Q

How many seats did the Conservative have in the 1923 December election?

A

258

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8
Q

What happened during the 1929 general election?

A

Conservatives lost, no party had overall majority

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9
Q

What did the Conservatives do during the creation of the national government?

A

Agreed to participate and became dominant party in coalition until 1945

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10
Q

Why were the conservatives able to dominate interwar politics?

A
  • Electoral system of 1918
  • Weaknesses/divisions of opposition parties
  • Effective party organisation
  • Effective leadership and image
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11
Q

How did changes in the electoral system help the conservatives?

A
  • Plural voting
  • Constituency boundaries were redrawn
  • First past the post system
  • Irish free state
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12
Q

How long did plural voting remain until?

A

Until 1948

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13
Q

What did plural voting allow people to do?

A
  • Enabled businessmen who lived in constituency and owned a property in another to vote in both
  • University students could aslo vote in 2
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14
Q

When were the constituency boundaries redrawn?

A

1918

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15
Q

Why were the constituency boundaries redrawn?

A

Reflect population movement

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16
Q

How did the new constituency boundaries affect middle class suburbs?

A

Gave them a greater representation

17
Q

What is the first past the post system?

A

Candidate who receives the most votes wins, even if they did not receive a majority of the votes

18
Q

Who were the main opposition to the Conservatives before 1918 and what happened to them?

A

Liberals, there was a division mainly due to DLG

19
Q

What happened to the Liberals by 1931?

A

Many right wing Liberals split off and became National Liberals forming a close alliance with the Conservatives, this ment there was no healthy opposition

20
Q

Why did Labour find it difficult during the interwar years?

A
  • Found it hard to grow outside industrial working class

- Fear of communism

21
Q

What happened to the Labour party in the 1931 economic crisis?

A

Deeply divided over how to handle economic crisis, decimated in general election that year

22
Q

How were the conservatives able to stay organised?

A
  • True national party structure
  • Conservative Research Department
  • Funding not a problem
23
Q

What did the true national party consist of?

A
  • Organised local branches

- Network of professional agents

24
Q

When was the Conservative Research Department created?

A

1929

25
Q

What did the Conservative Research Department do?

A

Responsible for research, drafting speeches and preparing party documents (election manifestos)

26
Q

How were the Conservatives able to successfully project their image?

A
  • Rebranding of the party
  • Stanley Baldwin
  • Promoted good working relationships
  • Destroying DLG coalition
27
Q

How did the Conservatives rebrand?

A

Moved away from party of wealth and privilege to ‘one nation tories,’ designed to attract working class

28
Q

What ideas did the conservatives introduce as part of rebranding?

A
  • Empire
  • Patriotism
  • National defence
29
Q

How did Stanley Baldwin present himself?

A

Straight-talking man of the people, although could be seen as dull ‘safety first’ campaign

30
Q

Who did Baldwin promote a good working relationship between?

A

Employers and workers

31
Q

What reputation did Stanley Baldwin gain?

A

Reputation for economic competence, helped attract wealthy, middle class Liberals

32
Q

What did Baldwin do in the 1922 election?

A

Broke off the coalition

33
Q

What did Baldwin support in 1922

A

Free trade, taking away the policy that united the liberals

History - Britain Transformed (60 decks)

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