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History - Britain Transformed > PWC PMs (T3) > Flashcards

PWC PMs (T3) Flashcards

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1
Q

Who was PM 1945-1951?

A

Attlee

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2
Q

Who was PM 1951-1955?

A

Churchill

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3
Q

Who was PM 1955-1957?

A

Eden

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4
Q

Who was PM 1957-1963?

A

Macmillan

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5
Q

Who was PM 1963-1964?

A

Douglas-Home

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6
Q

Who was PM 1964-1970?

A

Wilson

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7
Q

Who was PM 1970-1974?

A

Heath

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8
Q

Who was PM 1974-1976?

A

Wilson

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9
Q

Who was PM 1976-1979?

A

Callaghan

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10
Q

When was Attlee PM?

A

1945-1951

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11
Q

When was Churchill PM?

A

1951-1955

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12
Q

When was Eden PM?

A

1955-1957

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13
Q

When was Macmillan PM?

A

1957-1963

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14
Q

When was Douglas-Home PM?

A

1963-1964

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15
Q

When was Wilson PM for the first time?

A

1964-1970

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16
Q

When was Heath PM?

A

1970-1974

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17
Q

When was Wilson PM for the second time?

A

1974-1976

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18
Q

When was Callaghan PM?

A

1976-1979

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19
Q

Which PM oversaw a government which promised to put in place the recommendations of Beveridge?

A

Attlee

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20
Q

When Attlee was PM, what policies were established?

A
  • The consensus of a mixed economy
  • Welfare State
  • Keynes
  • Cooperation with Trade Unions
21
Q

The Popularity of the policies introduced by Attlee led to what?

A

Led to the 1947 “Conservative Industrial Charter”,

In which that Party embraced consensus.

22
Q

Churchill returned to power in the 1951 due to what?

A

Splits in the Labour Party.

23
Q

What did the Industrial Charter do for the Conservatives?

A

It made them seem acceptable again

24
Q

In the 1951 election why did the Conservatives manage to win?

A
  • People supported the Conservative privatisation of Iron and Steel
  • People were convinced that Labour’s top rate of tax at 45% was too high
25
Q

What was Eden remembered for in his short time as PM?

A

The foreign scandal

26
Q

What was the foreign scandal that Eden was remembered for?

A

He made a secret plan with France and Israel to use force to protect the Suez Canal from an Egyptian takeover

27
Q

Why did Eden’s secret plan fail (the Suez crisis)?

A

In the context of the Cold War, this was unacceptable to the USA and the USA forced Britain to back down

It embarrassed us as a country + made us seem subservient to the USA

28
Q

What was one of the main things that Macmillan did during his time as PM?

A

Increased Government spending dramatically

29
Q

What happened due to Macmillan’s increase in government spending?

A

Members of his government resigned in 1959

30
Q

What was people’s disposable income like during Macmillan’s time as PM?

A

He oversaw the boom of credit & growth in accessible mortgages and easier borrowing of money.

Therefore people had more money to spend

31
Q

What did Macmillan do in the way of welfare provisions?

A

Ambitious and successful in a house building programme and schools/education programme.

32
Q

Why did Douglas-Home become PM in 1963?

A

Due to the sudden resignation of Macmillan

33
Q

Why did Macmillan suddenly resign?

A

He thought he only had 2 weeks left to live, however he lived until the 80s

34
Q

What was Douglas-Home focussed on campaigning for?

A

Trying to narrow Labour’s lead in the opinion polls

35
Q

What was the result of Douglas-Home’s strong campaigning during his time as PM?

A

Labour under Harold Wilson won the 1964 election - but only by four seats

36
Q

Wilson (1) became PM at a time of what?

A

Huge balance of payment deficit

37
Q

Which two liberal social reforms did Wilson (1) introduce?

A
  • 1965 Race Relations Act

- 1967 Abortion Act

38
Q

Give negatives of Wilson’s (1) leadership

A
  • Unemployment rose
  • He fell out with the Unions but did not assert power
  • In 1967 he was forced to devalue the pound
39
Q

What did Heath attempt to end and why?

A

Attempted to end Consensus politics by introducing more free market reforms

40
Q

Why was Heath forced to make a U-turn?

A

Cuts in income tax and government spending soared inflation

41
Q

Which PM introduced the 3 day work week?

A

Heath - also all electricity had to be turned off after 6pm

42
Q

What caused the 3 day work week?

A

Heath tried to stand up to Trade Unions over Miners Pay but was confronted by crippling strikes - these strikes lead to there not being enough electricity for the country

43
Q

What happened in 1975 under Wilson’s (2) leadership?

A

Labour abandoned the commitment to full employment in an attempt to limit inflation and balance the budget

44
Q

What did Wilson (2) try to do during his time as PM?

A

Attempts were made to repeal the Industrial Relations Act and replace it with a social contract to agree a voluntary wages and prices agreement with the Unions.

45
Q

When was Britain forced to take a $4bn from the IMF to cope with the economic crisis?

A

1976

46
Q

Which PM was forced to take a $4bn from the IMF to cope with the economic crisis?

A

Callaghan

47
Q

What happened as a consequence of the $4bn loan?

A
  • Britain had to make a 20% cut in public spending as a condition of the loan
  • Huge strikes
48
Q

Why did Callaghan face huge strikes?

A

Huge strikes because of a wage freeze (a condition of the loan)

49
Q

What were the huge strikes because of a wage freeze (a condition of the loan) known as?

A

The “Winter of Discontent”

History - Britain Transformed (60 decks)

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