What is Diabetes mellitus Flashcards
effect of insulin on , adipose tissue, liver and glucose intake
reduces lipolyiss
reduced glucose prodtoi
increase gluocse uptake into muscle
symptoms of hyperglcemai
polydispia, polyuria, blurred vison, weight loss, infection
complcion long term of hyperglycmeai
retinopathy, neuropayt, nepropaty
stroek, mi, pvd
crietea for diagnoiss
2 of glucose and hba1c if non sympatic
1 if sympatic
glucose fasting above 7, or randoma above 11
hba1 above 48
when can hba1 not be used
children and young people
short duration of diabetes symptosm
paitens with high risk of diabetes who are acutley ill
corticostoier wher ti cuase rapid glucos uptake
after pancretic surgyer or damage
renal failure
hiv
what are hte crier for intermittend hyperglycem
fasting gluose of 6.1 - 7
impared glucose tollerce 2 hr of gretaer than 7.8 and less than 11
hbac1 - 42- 47
what is normoglycmae
where a glucose level is associated with a low risk of develping diabetes or cardiovasular disaes
what auto immune gens are assoced with type 1 diabetes
anti gad, ia2, znt8
what are the odds of a twin maving type 1 diabetes if there sibling does
30-50%
what are the of odds of type 1 diabttes if your mother has ti
1%
what are the odd of type 1 diabetes if your fatrhter has it
6%
odds of t1d if both paretns have it
30%
what are the odds of t1d if sibling has it
8%
clincial diabaoags of type 1
often yonger
slim
hyperglyemc sympons
thryod and other autoein contions, pernious anmiea, vitiligo
ketones
how long do auto immune panel take to come back for t1d
6 weeks
how long does c peptide take to return for t1d
3 year when relaiable
treatmet for type 2 diabtes
mostly life style including weight loss
non insulin medicaiton
insulin
non insulin mediation for t2d
metformin, sulfonylureas, glitazones, sglt2 , dp4 inhibitor, glp1 angoins
what are odds of haing type 2 if idenitl twin has it
90-100%
odd of type two if one or both perants have it
one parent 15%
both parents 75%
main sympon of type 2
all hypergluyic suhc as thirst, tyrednes, polyurai, nocutria, wieht loss, blurred vins
what type of infueioc is normaly presnt with tyep 2
thrust and balantisi
what is mody
maturity onset diabtes in the young
effect on cell in mody
loss of beta cell fuciton
how is mody spread
auto somal dominat
what are the type of mutaiton in mody
gluokinase mutiaon
transcripon factor mutations
type of transciton factor muations
hnf-1a, hnf-1b, hnf-4a
cause of seconary diabtes melliuts
drugs such as cortiocsteroids
pancratic destuio - haemochromatis, cf, chronic pancreatis, pacreatocy
genetic disords such as didmoad
endocrine such as cushgin, acromegly phemoclaym a
treatmet fo rglucokinase muation
deite
tratem fro transcion facot rpmuations
diet, oral hypoglycmei agnets to help lower bg
insulin
age of onset of glucokinase mautionand transciotn facot muaiotn
glucokinase form bithr
transcripn factor muaito form young adult
