thyroid disease Flashcards

1
Q

symptons of hypothyroidism

A

lathargy, cold intoleergy, weight gain, non spefici weakness, artraolai, constipation, menstration irregularities, depression, impared contention, dry skin, reduced body pair, thyroid pain

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2
Q

signs of hypothyroidsm

A

corase dry har/ skin
oedema including swelling of eyelids
vocal changes - horaseness
goitre
bradycardia
delayed relaxation of deep tendon relfexe
paraesthisa

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3
Q

blood tests for hypothryoids

A

fbc, glucose or hba1c

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4
Q

what are signs of hyperfthosm

A

weight loss
anxiety/ irrabilty
heat intolenv
bowel frequency
light periods
seweaty palms
palitations
byperrelexia
goitre
thryoid eye symtposn

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5
Q

causes of hypothryoidsm congential

A
  • developmental through ageness adn nmaldevelopement
    dysphomogneises - trapping / orgnificaiton
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6
Q

causex of acuired piamry hypotharims

A

automimmune thryoid diseae - hashimotos
latrogentic - thorug posto oprative, post radioacite antithroid drugs,
iodein insupifceiy
post sub acute thryoiditsi

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7
Q

drugs which can cuase hypothrosidm

A

amiodarne, lithum interferon

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8
Q

cause of secondary and terpty hpothm

A

tumrou of pituary
crainophaygioma
post pituary surgeyr or radiotherapy

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9
Q

dyshormonegitsi

A

inabilty to to loss of certian thryoid enzymes to produce thryoid hormens

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10
Q

agenesisi

A

loss of developmen of some organs during feotal growth

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11
Q

what is hashimotos

A

autoimmune inflammation of the thryoid gland preventing it from functioning effectively

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12
Q

tests for hasmitoms

A

thyroid peroxidaes autoantimbies
anti thryoglobulin antibodies

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13
Q

treatment for hypothryodism

A

if under 65 and no cardiac disase - 1.5 micro grams per kg of levothyroxine
if over65 or have cardiac disae - 25 - 50 mcg daily of levothyroxine

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14
Q

when shoudl levothryoxine be taken

A

first thing in the morning on an emzypty suomach , or it can be last thing at night after 2 house since meal

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15
Q

what is sublicla hypothyodism

A

raised tsh, but noral t3 and t4

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16
Q

when should you treat sublcinal hypothyaism

A

if the blood are stial deraned after 3 months, they are less than 65 and they have symptoms of hypothrysism

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17
Q

clicnal treatment for subcliam hypotgrysm

A

6 motnn trial of levothryoxine and see if there is reduction in symptoms

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18
Q

when should monitoring be for subclicnal hypothrysom

A

anual tfts - if you have postive thyroid peroxidase antibois, had thyroid surgery underlying thryid disease
every 2-3 years if negative thryoid peroxidaes antibodis

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19
Q

how should thryoid medication be changed in pregnacny

A

add preconcentin replacemtn of less than 2.5ul
add an empirical dose depending on thyroid hormone level
regular monitoring in pregnancy
aim for tsh inolower noamrl range
reduce levothryoixin after birth
recheck after 2 - 3 montsh

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20
Q

risk for overtramen of hypothrimdism

A

osteopenai, fracture, afib

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21
Q

differnece betwen hyperthryidsm and thryoxicois

A

hyperthrydism is just the excess production of thyroid hormones by the thyroid gland
thryoxididoxi is the production fo excess thryodi hormes by the thyroid gland or another sources such as gravesq

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22
Q

causes of praimary thryoditoxici

A

graves
toxic multinodular goitre
toxic adenoma

23
Q

cuase of seconary thryodtoicis

A

pituatry adneoma sectring tsh

24
Q

cause of thyrotoxicio with hyperthrisms

A

destructive thryodistis - often post partum
excessive thryoxine administaion

25
causes of graves disease
either thryoid peroxisease antiboids or tsh recpeot antibiidse
26
signs of graves
buling eyes due to perioriabl swelling - Exophthalmos rahses -Pretibial myxoedema goitre clubbing
27
what does multindoul goitre look like
lots of differ goitre in neck
28
who does mulinootu goture maily effect
elderly
29
waht is dequivains throdisis
flu like thryodi swelling that last for a few weeks, cuases hyperthrosism as well
30
mangemnet of thryoditis
beta blockr antithrydoi drugs iodine and suergy
31
example of antithyid drugs
carbimazole and propylthiouracil
32
side effects of antithryoid drugs
rash, agranulocytois
33
effectivens of antithryoid dugs vs radioaid
radioioden 90% cure atd - 40% cure
34
what other drug help stop protodsjm
steroids
35
should you stop atd berofre raidoidone
yes - 4 days before and after
36
phsyolicl cuase of goitre
puberty pregnacy
37
autimmine cuase of goitre
gravs and hasimotos disease
38
thryoidits cuase of gotre
acure - dequviarns chronic fiberioti ce.. reildesl
39
tumore of goiture
adenoma, carcinoma, lymphoa
40
miscall tymesp f girtre
sarcodiois and tb
41
what is the chagne of a solidary noule on thryid is malignat
5%
42
how to infesitge solidatyr nodule
thryoid fucntion test ultrasound - to deterinn binign / malignatn
43
what is ultrasound is potive for thryoid cancer malifty
fine neelde aspiration
44
thy1 , thy 2 and thy5 reuslts form fine needle aspiration
thy1 inadequate thy2 - benign thy 5 - cancer
45
most common type of differnation thryoid cclcner
papilliary -
46
other type so fthyri differtiaed cner
follicular
47
treatment fo throid cncer
thryoidencotm high dose radioiione logn term suppreiosn of thryoxine
48
follow up for thryoid cncer
whole bondy iodien scan after 2 wekks of thryoixne withdrawal tg and neck lutrosund thryoglobulin
49
proglnos of anaplaic trhyoid ccaner
very poor
50
cause of lymphoa thryoid cacner
often hasimoots hyrodisits
51
what is medullayr thryoid cancer assoiced with
hyperparthryoidsm an phaeochromatya
52
signs of meucllary thryoid cncaer
raised serum clcionin levles
53
treatment for meullar thryoid cncer
totla thryidoecty
54