6 - adrenal glands Flashcards
where are the adreanal glands
ontop of teh kidneys
what are teh parts of teh adreanl gand
adrenal medulla
adrenal cortex
what does the adrenal medulla release
catecholamines - epinephrine and norepineprhine and dopamine
what does teh adrenal cortex realease
mineralocorticoids - aldrosterone
glucocortiocs - cortiosl
sex steroids - testosterone
what is teh role of aldosterone
regulation of na and k
what is teh role of glucocortiocids
mainstains plama glucose
which part of te adranl gand is in the centre and whihc is in the the peripary
centre - adreal medsulla
periply - cortex
what is the arrange of teh cortex form centre out
zona reticular - sex horems
zona fasicula - glucocortoids
zona glomerulosa - aldosterone
where are all steroids dirived from
cortisol
what enzyem turn cholester to cortisol and aldosteron
21- hyroxlase
what enzyme turns cholestol to sex steroids
aromatase
what is the precusou to aldrosteon
corticosterone
what does dhea go to form
sex steroids
effect of defeect in 21 hydroxlase
defeciny in aldosterone and cortisol and salt and glucose
why does a defect in 21 hydrolase cause adrenal hyperlasi
inhits symtesi of colicol , removing negative feedback on acth and crc relse, this increase achth section increas adranl galnds
what is reols for negative feed back of adrneal corex
cortisol realsa, acting on acth and crh
where is crh realse fthm
hypothalum
where is acth realse from
pitutatry
effect of cortisol
influes glucose metabols as it is a glucocotial hormone
it alters gene expresssion, transcripon and translation
has secondary mesenegy sysetm repson to creater rapid cellualr repsoes
is corisol carrier bound
yes - most of it only unbound can elicit a respone
when is cortisol highest
during points of stress, ie duirng firts thing in the moing, it is circadium
use of cortisol in vrian
prevnts hypoglycemai
role of cortison on glucose metabolims
gluconeogiensis - through liver
proteolysis - thouhg break down of mucle portoiesn to provide gluconeogie substrates for the liver
lipolysis - in adibe tissue increase ffa
decres insuin sensisty in mucles and adipose tissues
non glucocorito efect of ccortisol
effects ca balance, due to decreaseab absoion form gut and inceaes kidney ca+ loss and bone reapsbipon
imparents of mood and cogintion - linked to depression
premissive effect of norepineprhien in vasuclar smooth muscle,
suppresion of immune sysnte though destroym lympoctes