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Endocrine > Adreanl gland disoders > Flashcards

Adreanl gland disoders Flashcards

1
Q

source of aldostoer

A

minearl cortocisoid

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2
Q

source of cotisol

A

glucocorticoids

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3
Q

scoure of teostostore

A

sex tsroids

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4
Q

medulla rodues

A

norepinephrine, epinephrine

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5
Q

what is te hypalmo hypotpiaau adranl axis

A

determes thorugh negative feed bakc how much crh and acth relses is needed to prused cortsol form adrenal glands

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6
Q

what is the funciton of 21 hydrolase

A

allows coverstio of coldseot to aldosertone and corlisol

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7
Q

effect on skin in lack of 21 hydrolzase

A

hyperpginat, increas skin oildness

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8
Q

which zona is mineracol coricoid form

A

glomerulosa

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9
Q

which zona is glucocoritostoier form

A

fasiculata

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10
Q

which zona is sex steorid from

A

reticularis

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11
Q

name of hypofunction adrnal disorder

A

addisons

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12
Q

causes of addison

A

autommine (85%)
infection e.g hiv and tb
metatisc
loss of 21 hydroxlase deficit

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13
Q

antiboid of addision

A

21 ohase aut antiboidswe

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14
Q

what othr disease are assoicated with adidisons

A

type 1 diabets
thryoid
ovarian faiulre

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15
Q

main symptnos of addison

A

weakness, fatique, weight loss, salt crain, hperpigmation, hpo teion, vomiting, or dirrhea, postural sympotns

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16
Q

signs of adranl ciris

A

collapse, hpotesoin, severe dehydaiton

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17
Q

what corisol lsev indiactes addision

A

less than 450 nmol

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18
Q

tests for addions

A

synacthem stess and basl acth

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19
Q

synacthme tests

A

give acth ot a paite and if there si n person it is primary and if her is limited repsoen compare t normal it is secondary

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20
Q

how to test difference between primary and secaty acth

A

if plam leve elated primary
suppresed secondary

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21
Q

test for addinos if adfnral antibod negative in males

A

vlcfa - fatty caid ahisn which could be due to body not being able to break down certain fats
adrnal imaging

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22
Q

first screeing fo cuase of pirary hpothism

A

auteim immuen antibodies

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23
Q

what is the dose of glucocortiocds repalse

A

hydrocoritsx, prensol and dexmeation, hc both in morign and at night

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24
Q

does of mineral cortiocd replacement

A

mineral croicod wihc bind to fludrocorosen

25
Q

what to do if you have minor hort illens with addions

A

double dose of glucocofoid

26
Q

what to do if you hav ea major operations

A

times 5 times ammoutn f hydorcoids
hydorocd at srtart of operaiton

27
Q

what to do if you have sever vommitn or diarrhe for hydrocoise

A

get im injection

28
Q

endocrien caue of hypertension

A

prmary hyperaldoser, adenoma, bilaterla hyperlaia, phaemochromcytoma, cushing, acromegaly, hyperparathryoism, hpotharyism, congetical adral hyprelaisa

29
Q

what is cushign sydnoem

A

hperseciotn of cortios,l, androgens,

30
Q

cause of cushing

A

adenoam, bilatarl hyperlai, carinma

31
Q

what is cons

A

exces section of aldosteorn

32
Q

cause of conns

A

adenoam or bilaterl hyperlsi

33
Q

what is phaemochromocytoma

A

excess catecholamiesn

34
Q

effect of cusign

A

tissue break down, soudm retion, inusling antagoism resuing in diabets mellitus, easly bruing, purple striae, hirrusim, glucose intolese, hyperion, central obeitsy

35
Q

cause of atch depenet cuign

A

exptoic acth seciton form lugn cnacer
pituatry turmou

36
Q

cause of acth indepoin cuign

A

adrnal tumour

37
Q

approach to hyperconriticolism

A

over nihg dex test, low dose dext test, acth coriosl test, high dose dex test, mri to fi find site of lesion

38
Q

treatment of cugins

A

surgery to remove turmour
adrenal horme synthes inhibtorps and destro adrenal cortioc cells
raiothary
adrenalectomy

39
Q

drugs that act as adrnal horme syntheis inhibtors

A

ketoconzole
metyrapone
aminoglutethimide
etomidate

40
Q

drugs that destoryadrnaocorciodi cells

A

mitane

41
Q

what cauese tothe reosi of aldoser

A

renign dueto decreaedd renal perfusion

42
Q

what produced ace

A

surface f pulamr and renal epithm

43
Q

effect of aldosteron

A

relsease of k+ and reabsobtion of h30 and na

44
Q

screing for conns

A

plama aldosor to plama renin activity ratio
wehre over 20 primary hyperaldosteronsim
under 20 seconary hyperp aldoseronsim

45
Q

conficotn of cons test

A

24 hr undar aldoserene and solumidum during r4 days of salt loaing
then ct of adnral gland and plasma 18 hydroxycloriosen

46
Q

effect of k and na in conns

A

increa na and decreaed k due to los of k in incre

47
Q

symponf of phaemochromytoma

A

hypertin, headjac, swelling , palpion, tremour, pallor anxiety

48
Q

10% meaning in phenochomcytoma

A

10% extra adrnal
10% malignat
10% mulik
10% hyperglycmae

49
Q

inherited gens of phaemochromytoma

A

30% are inhered incluig men 2

50
Q

what does men 2 cause

A

phaneocytoma
meullar thryoid cance
parathryoidm adneoma

51
Q

effect of von hoppel landau syndome

A

phaechromocytoma
cerebral and retinal angiomatosis
pancreatic and renal cysts
epidydymal cystadenomas

52
Q

conseeques of men 2b

A

phaechromocytoma
medullary thryoid cancer
mucocutanous syndormes
multiple nuronam
marfanoid habitus
hypertrophied corneal nerves

53
Q

how to diagentos phenocorm sycmoa

A

if low supser 24 hour urine of metanephriies
if high spigh 24 of catecholamines, total metephies and plamametophies

54
Q

what to do if raised metaphoes

A

locasied tumoru with mri / ct in adral or aoidal area

55
Q

what scna after mri for phenochromcytoa

A

123 i mibg scan

56
Q

treatmet for phamocyyma

A

surgical restion
alpha adrenogic blockade
b blocker
ccb
ace inhibotrs

57
Q

what to do for endocrine mass

A

full endocine work up incluig free metenphein in plama
dextametose supreion test
potatium and ald pra ration, if secreting horme surgyer
if not secting hormone - ct scan and image after 6 - 12 month with endo cirne evalre every year for 4 years

58
Q
A

Endocrine (20 decks)

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