Week 9 - Lesson 2 (Part 3)

Question 1

What is responsible for characteristic brown skin pigmentation?

Answer 1

Metabolic breakdown of hemoglobin

Question 2

What does not help with DVT?

Answer 2

Increased hydrostatic pressure in deep venous system

Question 3

What develops spontaneously or as a result of trauma?

Answer 3

Ulcerations

- inflammatory reaction in the tissue

Question 4

What indicates an obstruction of the flow in the leg veins?

Answer 4

Continuous non- phasic flow

Question 5

Why do varicose veins develop?

Answer 5

Due to extra pressure in veins largely due to absent or incompetent valves

Question 6

What does it mean the longer there is flow during valsalva?

Answer 6

The more incompetent the valves are

Question 7

What indicates valvular imcompetence?

Answer 7

Flow reverses with onset of Valsalva’s maneuver

- remains reversed until Valsalva’s maneuver is released

Question 8

What does flow reversal indicate?

Answer 8

Severe incompetence of venous valves

- valves are not closing tightly or at all

Question 9

What should normally occur with valsalva maneuver?

Answer 9

Flow should cease

Question 10

What is chronic venous insufficiency a result of?

Answer 10

Recanalized vein post DVT

Question 11

What happens with chronic venous insufficiency? (2)

Answer 11

1. Pathologic dilation of the vein occurs

2. Congenital absence of competent valves or be avalvular

Question 12

What is the results of chronic venous insufficiency? (4)

Answer 12

1. Varicosed veins
2. Edema
3. Skin changes
4. Increased venous hydrostatic pressure

Question 13

How can you check for reflux? (3)

Answer 13

1. Spectral Doppler
2. Colour flow Doppler
3. Gray scale

Question 14

What happens to stuck valves during respiration?

Answer 14

They will not move

Question 15

What can great saphenous veins be harvested for?

Answer 15

To be used as a graft in the event of arterial disease instead of a man-made variety

Question 16

What are the best options for superficial system as grafts? (2)

Answer 16

1. Great and Small Saphenous
   - legs
2. Cephalic and Basilic veins
   - arms

Question 17

When is superficial venous thrombosis assessed?

Answer 17

This system is usually only examined when signs of thrombosis are apparent

Question 18

What are signs of a thrombosis? (5)

Answer 18

1. Tenderness and pain
2. Warm skin
3. Redness or inflammation of the skin
4. Palpable cord may be apparent in subcutaneous tissues
5. Hardening of the vein

Question 19

Where is there the only risk for a pulmonary embolism?

Answer 19

When thrombus is near the attachment to the deep system or extending into it

Question 20

Primary varicose veins

Answer 20

Abnormally dilated and tortuous superficial veins in the absence of deep venous disease
- history of DVT is rare

Question 21

What does primary varicose veins a result of?

Answer 21

Valvular incompetence at SFJ

Question 22

Secondary varicose veins

Answer 22

Associated with obstruction DVT or incompetence of the deep venous system valves

Question 23

Why is superficial venous thrombosis considered dangerous?

Answer 23

Because it can branch into the deep vein and become worrisome