Week 2 - Lesson 2 (Part 3) Flashcards
Systole
Contration
Diastole
Relaxation
- refilling with blood
What happens in ventricular systole?
The heart contracts and it causes ejection of blood into the aorta and pulmonary trunk
How long does ventricular systole last for?
0.3 - 0.4 sec
How much blood leaves the ventricles with each contraction?
80-100cc
What is the peak of the arterial blood pressure in humans?
120mmHg
When does arterial systole occur?
Toward the end of the ventricular diastole
How is arterial systole completed?
By the filling of the ventricles
How do the ventricles contract?
Simultaneously
When does ventricular diastole occur?
It is the period during when both ventricles are relaxing
- filling, no contraction
When does atrial diastole occur?
It is the period during which the atria are relaxing
- filling
Are both atria in diastole at the same time?
Yes
What are 5 great vessels?
- Superior vena cava
- Inferior vena cava
- Pulmonary arteries
- Pulmonary veins
- Aorta
What do the great vessels do?
They drain blood into the atria and take blood away from the ventricles
Where does the aorta leave the heart?
From the left ventricle
What 3 segments is the aorta divided into?
- Ascending aorta
- Aortic arch
- Descending aorta
What is the first major branch of the ascending aorta?
The left and right coronary arteries
What do the left and right coronary arteries do?
They carry oxygenated blood to the heart muscle
What 3 major branches come off of the aortic arch?
- Brachiocephalic artery
- Left common carotid artery
- Left subclavian artery
What is another word for the brachiocephalic artery?
Innominate artery
What does the innominate artery bifurcate into? (2)
- Right common carotid artery
2. Right subclavian artery
What does the thoracic aorta supply? (6)
- Pericardium
- Mediastinum
- Diaphragm
- Esophagus
- Bronchi
- Intercostal muscles
What does the abdominal aorta supply?
The abdominal viscera with oxygenated blood
What are 8 examples of abdominal viscera?
- Celiac axis
- SMA
- colon - IMA
- intestines - Renal arteries
- Gonadal arteries
- Adrenal arteries
- Lumbar arteries
- Common iliac arteries
What does the IVC do?
Carries deoxygenated blood from the lower half of the body into the right atrium of the heart
What are the major tributaries of the IVC? (6)
- Hepatic veins
- Phrenic veins
- Renal and suprarenal veins
- Gonadal veins
- Lumbar veins
- Common iliac veins
What kind of diameter does the SVC have?
A larger one
- short in length
What does the SVC do?
Carries deoxygenated blood from the upper half of the body to the right atrium
What is the SVC formed by?
The right and left brachiocephalic veins
- innominate veins
What do the brachiocephalic veins drain? (3)
- The upper limbs
- Head
- Neck
What does the azygos vein drain into?
The SVC
- just prior to right atrium
Which brachiocephalic vein is longer?
The left one
What does the azygos vein do?
Carries deoxygenated blood posterior chest and abdominal walls to the SVC
- unilateral
Where does the azygos ascend?
In the thorax to the right side of the vertebral column
What connects the SVC and the IVC?
The azygos vein
What does the azygos vein serve as?
A great collateral pathway for blood flow if the SVC or IVC is blocked
