Week 2 - Lesson 2 (Part 3)

Question 1

Systole

Answer 1

Contration

Question 2

Diastole

Answer 2

Relaxation

- refilling with blood

Question 3

What happens in ventricular systole?

Answer 3

The heart contracts and it causes ejection of blood into the aorta and pulmonary trunk

Question 4

How long does ventricular systole last for?

Answer 4

0.3 - 0.4 sec

Question 5

How much blood leaves the ventricles with each contraction?

Answer 5

80-100cc

Question 6

What is the peak of the arterial blood pressure in humans?

Answer 6

120mmHg

Question 7

When does arterial systole occur?

Answer 7

Toward the end of the ventricular diastole

Question 8

How is arterial systole completed?

Answer 8

By the filling of the ventricles

Question 9

How do the ventricles contract?

Answer 9

Simultaneously

Question 10

When does ventricular diastole occur?

Answer 10

It is the period during when both ventricles are relaxing

- filling, no contraction

Question 11

When does atrial diastole occur?

Answer 11

It is the period during which the atria are relaxing

- filling

Question 12

Are both atria in diastole at the same time?

Answer 12

Yes

Question 13

What are 5 great vessels?

Answer 13

1. Superior vena cava
2. Inferior vena cava
3. Pulmonary arteries
4. Pulmonary veins
5. Aorta

Question 14

What do the great vessels do?

Answer 14

They drain blood into the atria and take blood away from the ventricles

Question 15

Where does the aorta leave the heart?

Answer 15

From the left ventricle

Question 16

What 3 segments is the aorta divided into?

Answer 16

1. Ascending aorta
2. Aortic arch
3. Descending aorta

Question 17

What is the first major branch of the ascending aorta?

Answer 17

The left and right coronary arteries

Question 18

What do the left and right coronary arteries do?

Answer 18

They carry oxygenated blood to the heart muscle

Question 19

What 3 major branches come off of the aortic arch?

Answer 19

1. Brachiocephalic artery
2. Left common carotid artery
3. Left subclavian artery

Question 20

What is another word for the brachiocephalic artery?

Answer 20

Innominate artery

Question 21

What does the innominate artery bifurcate into? (2)

Answer 21

1. Right common carotid artery

2. Right subclavian artery

Question 22

What does the thoracic aorta supply? (6)

Answer 22

1. Pericardium
2. Mediastinum
3. Diaphragm
4. Esophagus
5. Bronchi
6. Intercostal muscles

Question 23

What does the abdominal aorta supply?

Answer 23

The abdominal viscera with oxygenated blood

Question 24

What are 8 examples of abdominal viscera?

Answer 24

1. Celiac axis
2. SMA
   - colon
3. IMA
   - intestines
4. Renal arteries
5. Gonadal arteries
6. Adrenal arteries
7. Lumbar arteries
8. Common iliac arteries

Question 25

What does the IVC do?

Answer 25

Carries deoxygenated blood from the lower half of the body into the right atrium of the heart

Question 26

What are the major tributaries of the IVC? (6)

Answer 26

1. Hepatic veins 2. Phrenic veins 3. Renal and suprarenal veins 4. Gonadal veins 5. Lumbar veins 6. Common iliac veins

Question 27

What kind of diameter does the SVC have?

Answer 27

A larger one | - short in length

Question 28

What does the SVC do?

Answer 28

Carries deoxygenated blood from the upper half of the body to the right atrium

Question 29

What is the SVC formed by?

Answer 29

The right and left brachiocephalic veins | - innominate veins

Question 30

What do the brachiocephalic veins drain? (3)

Answer 30

1. The upper limbs 2. Head 3. Neck

Question 31

What does the azygos vein drain into?

Answer 31

The SVC | - just prior to right atrium

Question 32

Which brachiocephalic vein is longer?

Answer 32

The left one

Question 33

What does the azygos vein do?

Answer 33

Carries deoxygenated blood posterior chest and abdominal walls to the SVC - unilateral

Question 34

Where does the azygos ascend?

Answer 34

In the thorax to the right side of the vertebral column

Question 35

What connects the SVC and the IVC?

Answer 35

The azygos vein

Question 36

What does the azygos vein serve as?

Answer 36

A great collateral pathway for blood flow if the SVC or IVC is blocked