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Vasculature > Week 3 - Lesson 1 (Part 9) > Flashcards

Week 3 - Lesson 1 (Part 9) Flashcards

1
Q

What does arterial flow reflect? (2)

A
  1. Cardiac cycle

2. Flow pattern

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2
Q

On spectral doppler what is on the x axis?

A

Time

- seconds

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3
Q

On spectral doppler what is on the x axis?

A

Velocity

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4
Q

What can affect the velocity on the y axis?

A

PRF

- scale

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5
Q

PSV

A

Peak systolic velocity

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6
Q

EDV

A

End diastolic velocity

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7
Q

What is spectral width?

A

Bandwidth

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8
Q

What is spectral intensity?

A

Brightness

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9
Q

What is the main parameter for evaluating the severity of carotid stenosis?

A

Flow velocity

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10
Q

Where is spectral doppler placed on the vessel?

A

The cursor is placed in the centre of the carotid lumen at an angle of 60° or less

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11
Q

What is useful in the assessment of blood flow at and distal to arterial obstructions?

A

In evaluating the significance of the occlusive disease

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12
Q

What does doppler spectrum analysis allow?

A

The accurate detection and quantification of blood flow abnormalities resulting from stenotic lesions

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13
Q

What does stenotic lesions result from? (2)

A
  1. A marked disturbance of flow

2. Abnormally high velocities at the site of narrowing

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14
Q

What extend from a stenosis? (2)

A
  1. Jet effects

2. Irregular travel of particles in various directions at different velocities and eddy formation

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15
Q

When is the only time you dont put a 60 deg angle on a vessel?

A

Straight up and down vessel

- eg. distal ICA

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16
Q

What kind of analysis do you get from spectral doppler?

A

Quantification

- number results

17
Q

What kind of analysis do you get from power doppler?

A

Aware of a single taking place

18
Q

What are effects of arterial stenosis? (4)

A
  1. Widening or dispersal of the band of systolic velocity
  2. Spectral broadening
    - loss of clear window below systolic portion
  3. Complete filling in of the spectral tracing
  4. Reversal of blood flow due to eddies
19
Q

Where do you place the gate/sample volume in doppler?

A

In the center of the normal vessel lumen and in the center of a stenotic area

20
Q

What does a temporal tap help with?

A

To differentiate between ECA and ICA

21
Q

How does a temporal tap help differentiate between ICA and ECA?

A

Because the temporal artery comes off of the ECA and when you tap it the ECA will change and the ICA wont

22
Q

What is the pressure remaining in the veins after the blood has traversed the arterioles and capillaries for someone in a supine position?

A

Low

23
Q

Why is the pressure remaining in the veins after the blood has traversed the arterioles and capillaries for someone in a supine position low?

A

Because of their relatively large diameters, medium and large veins offer little resistance to flow

24
Q

Where does blood readily move?

A

From the small veins to the right atrium

25
Q

What does phasic changes in venous pressure and blood flow reflect changes in?

A

The right atrial pressures in response to cardiac activity

- because of alterations of intrathoracic pressure and respiration

26
Q

What do alterations in venous hemodynamics occur with? (3)

A
  1. Changes in posture
  2. Important consequence of competence or incompetence of venous valves
  3. Effects of venous obstruction
27
Q

What are the 3 main components of venous pressure of the lower limbs?

A
  1. Hydrostatic (gravitational) pressure
  2. Residual pressure
  3. Muscular and respiratory pressure
28
Q

What is hydrostatic pressure due to?

A

The height of the venous blood column

29
Q

What does hydrostatic pressure apply with?

A

A patient in a standing position

30
Q

Why does hydrostatic pressure apply to a standing position?

A

Because flow from the furthest points (feet) must return to the right atrium

31
Q

What is the main resistance due to in the lower limbs?

A

Microcirculation

32
Q

Residual pressure

A

At the venous end of the capillaries, the venous pressure supplied by the arterial pressure

Vasculature (45 decks)

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