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Vasculature > Week 1 - Lesson 2 (Part 3) > Flashcards

Week 1 - Lesson 2 (Part 3) Flashcards

1
Q

What are the functioning vessels?

A

The capillaries

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2
Q

What happens in the capillaries?

A

Blood gives up its nutrients and oxygen to the tissues and receives the waste products and carbon dioxide from the tissues

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3
Q

What factors influence blood flow? (4)

A
  1. Cardiac function
  2. Elasticity of walls
  3. Tone of smooth muscle
  4. Millions of branching vessels
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4
Q

What are the 3 layers of arteries and veins?

A
  1. Tunica interna
  2. Tunica media
  3. Tunica externa
    - tunica adventitia
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5
Q

Which vessel is the tunica media the largest?

A

Arteries

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6
Q

How many layers are in capillaries?

A

1

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7
Q

What are 3 differences between arteries and veins?

A
  1. Veins can collapse
    - arteries cant
    - coaptation
  2. Veins are more elastic
    - more palpable
  3. Veins are more lateral
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8
Q

How does cardiovascular disease affect the body? (4)

A
  1. Keeps the blood from circulating nutrients and disposing of waste
  2. Causes narrowing or hardening of the arteries
  3. Affects the function of the heart itself
  4. The oxygenation process is affected as the capillaries may not get sufficient blood
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9
Q

What can happen with impaired cardiac function? (6)

A
  1. Heart failure
  2. Heart attack
  3. Stroke
  4. Aneurysm
  5. Peripheral artery disease
  6. Cardiac arrest
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10
Q

What is the most common complication with the heart?

A

Heart failure

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11
Q

Heart failure

A

Heart can no longer function correctly

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12
Q

Heart attack

A

A clot in the coronary artery and it blocks the flow

- damaging or destroying heart muscle

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13
Q

What is a stroke caused by?

A

The brain not getting enough blood

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14
Q

What happens to brain tissue during a stroke?

A

It dies

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15
Q

Aneurysm

A

It is a bulge in an artery wall anywhere in the body and if it ruptures it will cause internal bleeding, or a clot dislodges and blocks an artery

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16
Q

Claudication

A

Leg pain while walking

17
Q

Peripheral artery disease

A

Extremity muscles are not getting enough oxygen to perform during exercise
-leg pain when walking

18
Q

Cardiac arrest

A

Sudden loss of function in the heart, breathing and consciousness
- blood stops flowing

19
Q

What are the main symptoms of cardiovascular disease? (3)

A
  1. Chest pain
  2. Shortness of breath
  3. Fainting
20
Q

Heart arrhythmia

A

Abnormal heart beats

21
Q

Cardiomyopathy

A

Heart muscle disease

22
Q

What are 4 examples of cardiovascular disease?

A
  1. Damaged heart valves
  2. Atherosclerosis
  3. Coronary artery disease
    - CAD
  4. Hypertension
23
Q

What occurs with damaged heart valves? (3)

A
  1. Stenosis
  2. Regurgitation
  3. Infection
24
Q

Stenosis

A

Narrowing of blood vessels due to plaque

25
Q

Regurgitation

A

Back and forth blood flow

26
Q

What does infections affect? (2)

A
  1. Valves
  2. Muscles
    - endocarditis and myocarditis
27
Q

Atherosclerosis

A

Hardening of arteries

- buildup of plaque

28
Q

What happens to the blood flow in atherosclerosis?

A

Less blood flows to the heart muscle

29
Q

What can atherosclerosis cause? (3)

A
  1. Chest pain
  2. Heart attack
  3. Coronary artery disease
30
Q

Hypertension (HBP)

A

Higher than normal force of your blood on the walls of the arteries

31
Q

What happens if hypertension goes untreated?

A

It puts you at risk for a heart attack or stroke

32
Q

Pathology

A

Study of a disease

- describes the abnormal or undesired condition

33
Q

Pathophysiology

A

Seeks to explain the physiological processes or mechanisms whereby such condition develops or progresses
- functional changes associated with or resulting from disease or injury

34
Q

What are 11 conditions and risk factors attributable to vascular disease?

A
  1. Obesity
  2. Diabetes
  3. Chronic kidney disease
  4. Hypertension
  5. Hypercholesterolemia
  6. Family history
  7. Smoking
  8. Excessive alcohol
  9. Sedentary lifestyle
  10. Age
  11. Gender

Vasculature (45 decks)

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