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Vasculature > Week 1 - Lesson 3 (Part 3) > Flashcards

Week 1 - Lesson 3 (Part 3) Flashcards

1
Q

What is the smaller and more medially located branch of the CCA?

A

The ECA

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2
Q

What does the ECA supply? (6)

A
  1. Neck
  2. Face
  3. Scalp
  4. Walls of the oral and nasal cavities
  5. Bones of the skull
  6. Dura mater
    - not the orbit or the brain
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3
Q

What kind of flow pattern does the ECA have?

A

A highly resistive flow pattern

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4
Q

What does the highly resistive flow pattern of the ECA a result of?

A

The distal vascular bed that it supplies

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5
Q

What are the ECA branches? (8)

A
  1. Superior thyroid
  2. Ascending pharyngeal
  3. Lingual
  4. Facial
    - in the carotid triangle
  5. Occipital
  6. Posterior auricular
  7. Internal maxillary
  8. Superficial temporal arteries
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6
Q

What is the mnemonic device to help remember the ECA branches? (8)

A 
Sally
Ann 
Likes 
Flirting 
On
Philidelphia's 
Main
Street
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7
Q

What is the most inferior ECA branch?

A

The superior thyroid

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8
Q

What is the most superior ECA branch?

A

The superficial temporal arteries

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9
Q

What can the ECA branches act as when the ICA is severely stenosed or occluded?

A

Collateral pathway for blood flow to the brain

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10
Q

What are considered the most important ECA collaterals?

A

Those that communicate with the ophthalmic artery or the vertebral artery

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11
Q

What ECA collaterals communicate with the ophthalmic artery or the vertebral artery? (4)

A
  1. Occipital
  2. Facial
  3. Superficial temporal
  4. Internal maxillary arteries
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12
Q

Collateral flow

A

Re-routing blood flow

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13
Q

What arteries supply the brain? (2)

A
  1. Paired internal CCA

2. Paired vertebral arteries

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14
Q

What is the cervical segment of the ICA?

A

It is extra-cranial

- this is what we scan

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15
Q

How does the ICA course?

A

It usually courses quite straight in its

- occasional tortuosity

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16
Q

Where is the ICA directed? (3)

A
  1. Laterally
  2. Dorsally
  3. Upward in the neck
17
Q

What kind of resistance does the ICA have?

A

Low

18
Q

Why does the ICA have a low resistance flow pattern?

A

Because it supplies the brain

19
Q

What are the normal variants of the ICA? (2)

A
  1. Coils

2. Kinks

20
Q

How do coils become kinks for the ICA? (2)

A
  1. Aging
  2. High blood pressure
  • this occurs overtime
21
Q

What can kinks lead to?

A

Stenosis

22
Q

What does the ICA mostly supply in the brain?

A

The anterior circulation of the brain

23
Q

What is the ICA compared to the other branches of the CCA? (2)

A
  1. Larger

2. More lateral

24
Q

What are the 4 portions of the ICA?

A
  1. Cervical portion
    - extra-cranial
  2. Petrous portion
  3. Cavernous portion
  4. Supraclinoid portion
25
Q

Where does the petrous portion pass through?

A

Passes through this portion of the temporal bone

26
Q

What is the cavernous portion also known as?

A

Siphon

- tortuous portion where the Ophthalmic artery branches

27
Q

What happens in the supraclinoid portion?

A

Branching of the intracranial ICA occurs to form the circle of Willis

28
Q

Where does the ICA run compared to the ECA?

A

Posteriorly

29
Q

When does the cervical portion end?

A

When the vessel enters the carotid canal through the petrous bone

30
Q

What does it become when the vessel enters the carotid canal through the petrous bone?

A

Petrous segment

31
Q

What is the first intracranial branch?

A

Ophthalmic artery

32
Q

What does the ophthalmic artery arise from?

A

The cavernous segment of the vessel

33
Q

Where does the ICA terminate?

A

At the anterior cerebral artery

34
Q

Where does the anterior cerebral artery arise from?

A

The supraclinoid portion of the vessel

35
Q

What does the anterior cerebral artery supply?

A

The frontal lobes of the brain

Vasculature (45 decks)

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