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Vasculature > Week 1 - Lesson 2 (Part 2) > Flashcards

Week 1 - Lesson 2 (Part 2) Flashcards

1
Q

Where are the papillary muscles located?

A

In the ventricles of the heart

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2
Q

What are the papillary muscles attached to?

A

The cusps of the atrioventricular valves

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3
Q

How are the papillary muscles attached to the cusps of the AV valves?

A

The chordae tendineae

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4
Q

What do papillary muscles do?

A

They contract to prevent inversion or prolapse of these valves

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5
Q

Chordae tendineae

A

Cord like tendons

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6
Q

What do chordae tendinaea do?

A

They connect the papillary muscles to the tricuspid valve and the mitral valve in the heart

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7
Q

Myocardium

A

The thick muscular tissue of the heart

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8
Q

What part of the heart has the thickest myocardium?

A

The left ventricle

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9
Q

Is the myocardial muscle voluntary or involuntary?

A

Involuntary

- striated muscle

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10
Q

What are the 3 layers of the heart?

A
  1. Pericardium
  2. Myocardium
  3. Endocardium
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11
Q

What layer is the myocardium?

A

The middle layer of the heart

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12
Q

What does the myocardium do?

A

It contracts to push out blood

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13
Q

What layer is the endocardium?

A

The inner layer of the heart

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14
Q

What kind of tissue is the endocardium?

A

Specialized endothelium

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15
Q

What layer is the pericardium?

A

The outer layer

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16
Q

What kind of tissue is the pericardium?

A

Connective tissue around the heart

17
Q

What are the functions of the circulatory system? (5)

A
  1. To carry digested food from the small intestine to all areas in the body which need it
  2. To carry oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the body
  3. To aid in the disposal of all wastes from the body
  4. To distribute heat
  5. To fight diseases by using white blood cells to fight off infection
18
Q

What is the flow path of the heart? (13)

A
  1. SVC/IVC
    - deoxygenated
  2. Right atrium
    - deoxygenated blood
    - tricuspid valve is closed
  3. Through the tricuspid valve
  4. Right ventricle
    - deoxygenated
  5. Through the pulmonary valve
  6. Left and right pulmonary arteries
    - deoxygenated
  7. Lungs
    - gets oxygenated
  8. Pulmonary veins
    - oxygenated
  9. Left atrium
    - oxygenated
    - mitral valve is closed
  10. Through the bicuspid valve
  11. Left ventricle
    - oxygenated
  12. Through the aortic valve
    - oxygenated
  13. The rest of the body through the aortic arch, thoracic and abdominal aorta
19
Q

How many pulmonary arteries are there?

A

2

20
Q

How many pulmonary veins are there?

A

4

21
Q

How many times does the heart beat per minute?

A

60-80 times

22
Q

What are the 3 categories that blood vessels can be classified in?

A
  1. Conducting
  2. Distributing and collecting
  3. Functioning
23
Q

What do the classification of blood vessels describe?

A

The purpose of the blood vessels

- arteries, veins and capillaries

24
Q

What are 2 general examples of conducting vessels?

A
  1. Elastic arteries

2. Great veins

25
Q

What are conducting vessels concerned with?

A

The task of conducting oxygenated, nutrient rich blood out of the heart and deoxygenated blood and waste products back into the heart

26
Q

What are 4 specific examples that make up the conducting vessels?

A
  1. Aorta
  2. SVC
  3. IVC
  4. Common iliac arteries/veins
27
Q

What happens to the arteries and veins as they course distally? (2)

A
  1. They change their composition

2. They change their task with blood

28
Q

What happens to the composition of arteries and veins as they course distally? (2)

A

They become…

  1. More muscular
  2. Less elastic
29
Q

What happens to the task of blood in arteries and veins as they course distally?

A

Distributing blood to and collecting blood from the tissues in varying states of oxygen and nutrient saturation

30
Q

What do the collecting veins contain?

A

Valves

31
Q

Why do collecting veins contain valves?

A

To prevent back flow

32
Q

What do the muscular walls of the distributing arteries able to vary in?

A

The caliber to control the blood supply to the area or organ that they supply

Vasculature (45 decks)

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