Week 2 - Lesson 2 (Part 2)

Question 1

What is the respiratory pump useful for?

Answer 1

Assisting venous return to the heart

Question 2

What happens to the thoracic pressure during inspiration?

Answer 2

It decreases

Question 3

What happens to the abdominal pressure during inspiration?

Answer 3

It increases

Question 4

What happens to the thoracic pressure during expiration?

Answer 4

It increases

Question 5

What happens to the abdominal pressure during expiration?

Answer 5

It decreases

Question 6

What is pressure in the thorax always lower than?

Answer 6

The atmospheric pressure

Question 7

What happens if you apply a suctioning action?

Answer 7

It tends to pull the column of blood towards the chest

Question 8

Diaphragm motion

Answer 8

Breathing in and out

Question 9

Inspiration

Answer 9

Breathing in

Question 10

Expiration

Answer 10

Breathing out

Question 11

What does inspiration cause? (2)

Answer 11

1. Reduced flow in the abdomen

2. Increased venous flow in the chest

Question 12

When is the venous flow in the upper extremities opposite to that of the lower extremities?

Answer 12

During each phase of respiration

Question 13

What role does gravity play in?

Answer 13

Venous return

Question 14

How does gravity help venous return in the upper extremities?

Answer 14

Naturally moves down to the heart

Question 15

How does gravity help venous return in the lower extremities?

Answer 15

It acts as a deterrent

- the force that gravity puts on the column of blood within the veins

Question 16

Alveoli

Answer 16

Tiny air sacs

Question 17

How thick are alveoli?

Answer 17

1 cell thick

Question 18

Where are alveoli located?

Answer 18

In the lungs at the end of the smallest airways

Question 19

What happens in the alveoli?

Answer 19

Exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide

Question 20

How many alveoli absorb oxygen from the air?

Answer 20

300 million

Question 21

What are in close contact to alveoli? (2)

Answer 21

1. Pulmonary arteries

2. Pulmonary veins

Question 22

What kind of blood do pulmonary arteries carry?

Answer 22

Deoxygenated

Question 23

Where are pulmonary arteries located?

Answer 23

Branches from the pulmonary trunk off the base of the right ventricle
- left and right branches extend to the corresponding lung

Question 24

How many pulmonary arteries are there?

Answer 24

2

Question 25

What kind of blood do pulmonary veins carry?

Answer 25

Oxygenated

Question 26

How many pulmonary veins are there?

Answer 26

4

Question 27

What kind of blood do arteries carry to the organs and tissues?

Answer 27

Oxygenated

Question 28

How is flow maintained through diastole? (5)

Answer 28

1. Ventricles contract throughout systole
2. Blood is sent into the aorta
3. Forces expansion of vessel wall
   - potential energy is stored in the walls
4. Aortic valve closes in the heart and diastole occurs
5. Wall recoils to release the stored potential energy
   - this recoil forces blood to continue in a forward motion