Week 2 Flashcards
What are ions?
Atoms that has a charge
What is a cation?
Example
Positive ions by removing the electrons
Hydrogen (H+)
Calcium (Ca+2)
What is an anion?
Example
Negative charged ion
Chloride ion (Cl-)
What is a molecule?
2 or more atoms stuck together by chemical bonds
Group of atoms held together by energy and it is stable
What is a hydroxide ion (OH)?
Oxygen and hydrogen with a negative charge
What holds an electron apart from a proton?
Energy
The further away you go the more energy you need
Electrons at the same distance takes the same amount of energy
What are energy levels or energy shells?
Electrons have certain discrete positions where you will find them
What are the energy levels and how many electrons can they have?
K- 2
L- 8
M- 8
If the outer energy level is not filled is it stable?
No it is unstable
In order for an atom to be stable you have to fill the outer energy level
What is inert?
Super stable atom that will not undergo chemical reactions
What is a valence level?
What happens if you fill it?
Or if you don’t?
Outermost energy level
Becomes inert
If you have 1 or 2 electrons it becomes reactive
What is a compound?
A molecule of more than one kind of atom
What are atoms held together by?
Chemical bonds
What are ionic bonds?
Opposite charges sticking together
Ex: NaCl (table salt)
What is the step called when one electron jumps from one atom to another?
Oxidation
What are examples of structural formulas and what do they show?
H-H
O=O
What is connected and how
What are examples of molecular formulas and what do they show?
H2
O2
N2
H2O
What atoms are present and how many
What is a chemical reaction?
Break and formation of new bonds
Start and end with the same amount of atoms
What are reactants?
Whatever atoms or molecules you start with
What are products?
Whatever you end up with
What are the 3 types of chemical reactions?
1) decomposition reaction
2) synthesis reaction
3) exchange reaction
What is decomposition reaction?
Breaking something down