Lab Week 6 (exam 2) Flashcards by MsBarb99 .

What is anterior/ ventral?

Front view of the body

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What is posterior/ dorsal?

Back view of the body

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What is proximal?

Closer to the trunk of the body

For arms and legs

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What is distal?

Further away from the trunk of the body

For arms and legs

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What is medial?

Closer to the midline of the body

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What is lateral?

Farther away from the midline of the body

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What is superior?

Up towards the head

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What is inferior?

Down towards the feet

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What is the anatomical position?

Anterior view of the body palms pointed forwards

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What is sagittal?

Cuts body following the midline

Ends up with right and left part

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What is mid sagittal?

The cut follows the midline

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What is parasagittal?

Cut is a little left or right of the midline

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What is frontal/ coronal section?

Forms a right angle

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What is transverse/ cross/ x section?

Horizontal cut of the body ends up with top and bottom piece

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What foramen (foramina)?

A whole with nerve or/ and blood vessels passing through typically in skull but could be other places

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What is a foramen magnum?

Large whole bottom of skull where spinal cord passes through

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What is a fossa?

A depression

Ex: taking a piece of clay and sticking finger in

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What is sulcus (sulcui)?

Longated depression groove

Ex: pencil holder in desk

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What is compact bone?

Thick and solid

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What is canaliculi?

Cracks running through lamella connecting chamber together

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What is lamella (lamellae)?

Rings in circles

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What is lacuna (lacunae)?

Chambers the cells live in

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What is osteocytes?

Cells living in the chambers

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What is the Haverism (osteonic/ central) canal?

Holds blood vessels and nerve of aversion system

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What is Volkmann’s (perforating) canal?

Inside of end of bone that allow blood vessels to enter or leave

What is osteoblast?

Immature bone cells

What is osteon?

Cylinder structure that have osteocytes connected by canaliculi that transport blood

What is a sesamoid type of bone?

Not born with it Forms with tendon

What is epiphysis (epiphyses)?

End of long bone

What is diaphysis (diaphyses)?

Middle of long bone Shaft

What is medullary (marrow) cavity?

Inside of bone Bone marrow

What is periosteum?

Sheet of connective tissue wraps around the bone

What does peri mean?

Around

What is trabeculae?

Splinter like rod of bone tissue that characterizes spongy bone

What is the axial skeleton?

Forms axes of the body Most structures are not paired Includes the skull, vertebral column, ribs and breast bone (sternum)

What is the appendicular skeleton?

Attached to axial skeleton Forms limbs and limb girdles (skeletal attachment to the axial skeleton)

What are examples of limb girdles?

Scapula- shoulder blade Clavicle- collar bone Oscoxa- pelvis

Where is the frontal cranial bone located?

Most anterior bone Forehead

Where is the temporal cranial bone?

Cheek to above the ear

Where is the parietal cranial bone?

Side of head above temporal

Where is the occipital cranial bone?

Back of head by neck

Where is the sphenoid cranial bone?

Back of the eye

Where is the ethmoid cranial bone?

Deep nasal cavity

What does the coronal do?

Divide frontal and parietal bones

What does the sagittal do?

Divides parietal in two parts (right and left)

What does the squamosal do?

Divides parietal and temporal bone

What does the lambdoidal do?

Divides parietal and occipital bone

What is the sinuses?

Hollow chamber inside the skull

What is the external auditory meatus?

Tubelike opening Ear canal

What is the mastoid process?

Vampire fang bone connecting to the neck

What is the styloid process?

Icicles or little vamp teeth behind fangs

What is the foramen magnum?

Large whole where spinal cord passes

What is the occipital condyle?

Sides of foramen magnum that look like a vagina

What is the Stella turcica of the sphenoid?

Depression between a sphenoids

What is the crista galli of the ethmoid?

Part of ethmoid that faces the brain

What is the cribriform plate of the ethmoid?

Right and left of the crista galli

What is the zygomatic arch?

Side of cheekbone

What is zygomatic?

Cheekbone in front under eyes

What is the palatine?

Upper palate bone The back of the roof of the mouth

What is the maxilla?

Upper jaw between nose and upper lip

What is the palatine process?

Front of roof of mouth

What is the mandible?

Lower jaw

What is the nasal bone?

Bone on top of nose Right in midline of nose

What is the cervical?

Back of head to shoulders (neck) part of spine

What is the atlas?

First cervical vertebra (C1)

What is the axis?

Second cervical vertebra (C2)

What is the Odontoid process (den)

Called the no bone Tooth inside bone 2nd vertebrae

Where is the thoracic part of the spine?

Spine from shoulders to end of ribs

Where is the lumbar part of the spine?

End of ribs to pelvic bone

Where is the sacrum part of the spine?

The bone that connects to the pelvis

Where is the coccyx (coccygeal)?

Tail bone

What is the vertebral foramen?

Space spinal cord passes through spine

What is the centrum (body) of the vertebrae?

Posterior side of spine

What is the transverse process?

Bones that stick out under transverse foramen

What is the spinous process?

Anterior side of spine Pointy side of spine

What is the intervertebral foramen?

Side wholes of spine

What are the intervertebral discs?

Things between the centrums

What are the primary curvatures?

Thoracic and pelvic curvature

What are the secondary curvatures?

Cervical and lumbar curvatures

What is the sternum?

Bone in between boobs

What is the manubrium?

Top part of the sternum

What is the gladiolus (body) of the sternum?

Middle part of sternum

What is the xiphoid process?

End part of sternum

What are the true ribs?

Numbers 1-7 Connects front and back ribs individually

What are false ribs?

Numbers 8-10 Connect altogether front to back

What are floating ribs?

Numbers 11 and 12 Just back ribs no front rib connecting together

What is costal cartilage?

Connects ribs to sternum Things popping out of sternum

What is a lacrimal?

Bone where lacriminal canal wholes are

What is the lacriminal canal?

Tiny wholes where tears drain through nasal cavity and why you blow your nose

What is a vomer?

Part of nasal septum all the way in the back Back part of nasal septum

What is the nasal septum?

Wall of nasal separating the right and left side

What is the hyoid?

Skeletal anchor for the tongue Under tongue

What are digit numbers?

Used to describe which toes or fingers you’re talking about Big toes and thumbs= digit one Pinkies= digit 5