Lab Week 7 (exam 2) Flashcards by MsBarb99 .

What are the two joint classifications and explain

1) structural- how the joint is build

2) functional- how freely the joint can move

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What are the types of joints in the structural classification?

Fibrous

Cartilagenous

Bony

Synouial

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What is the fibrous joint?

Proteins hold joint together

Ex: sutures

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What is the cartilagenous joint?

Cartilage

Ex: pubic symphysis

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What is a symphysis?

Place in skeleton where 2 broad bony elements connect to each other

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What are the bony joints?

Occur when bones fuse to each other

Deer has 2 frontal bones

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What is the synouial joints?

Has articular cartilage, synouial membrane and joint capsule

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What is the articular cartilage?

Between the two bones

Glide past each other easily

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What is the synouial membrane?

Secrets fluid known as synouial fluid that acts like a lubricant

Cuts down on friction

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What is the joint capsule?

Fibrous CT

Reinforces with ligaments

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What are the different kinds of synouial joints?

1) ball and socket
2) hinge joint
3) pivot joint
4) condylar joint

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What is the ball and socket joint?

Move in any direction

Ex: femur connecting to pelvis

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What is a hinge joint?

Moves in a single plane

Like a door

Ex: elbow joint and knee

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What is a pivot joint?

Rotation motion

Ex: finger tip moving
Connection between atlas (C1) and axis (C2)

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What is the condylar joint?

Oval shape articular surface fitting into a depression of some sort

Ex: occipital condyle—- yes action

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What is synarthrosis?

No movement at all

Ex: sutures in the skull

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What is amphiarthrosis?

Slight movement

Ex: pubic synthesis— the movement in child birth

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What is diarthrosis?

Freely moveable joints

Ex: synouial joints

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What is flexion?

Flexing

Reducing angle between 2 bones

Any movement that brings body forward

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What is extension?

Extend

Increasing angle between 2 bones

Any movement that brings body towards the back

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What is abduction?

Moving body part away from the midline

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What is adduction?

Moving body part towards the midline

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What is circumduction?

All 4 movements (flexion, extension, abduction, adduction) in one sequence

One part is fixed and not moving

End of body part traces circle

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What is prone?

Laying on stomach

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What is supine?

Laying on back

What is pronation?

Palm facing down

What is supination?

Palm up Holding soup

What is plantar flexion?

Pointing toes

What is dorsiflexion?

Facing toes towards you

What is the clavicle?

Collar bone

What is the scapula? And how can you distinguish the right and the left?

Shoulder bone The pointy thing on the scapula connects to the collar bone

What is the glenoid fossa or cavity cavity on the scapula?

Scapulas depression connecting to the humerus bone

What is the acromion process on the scapula?

Bone the clavicle is connected to The big pointy bone

What is the coracoid process on the scapula?

Short bone sticking out on scapula

What is the spine of the scapula?

Part where the acromion process is attached to on the scapula

What is the supraspinous fossa and the infraspinous fossa on the scapula?

Supraspinous fossa- top part of scapula spine Infraspinous fossa- bottom part of scapula spine

What is the humerus? And how do you distinguish right and left?

Round smooth bone on top The depression is on the back side of the bone Bottom part looks like a hand so thumb of hand has to be on the inside Inside thumb- right bone Outside thumb- left bone

What is the head of the humerus?

Round smooth ball of bone

What is the olecranon fossa of the humerus?

The depression on the back of the bone

What is the ulna? And how do you distinguish right and left?

It is the elbow The bone on the side of the pinky side and the notch has to be facing the thumb

What is the olecranon process of the ulna?

Part sticking out of the ulna (“C”)

What is the radius?

Bone next to ulna by thumb with a flat top

What are the carpals of a hand?

Wrist 8 irregular looking bones

What are the metacarpals of the hand?

Hand itself

What are the phalanges of the hand?

Fingers

What is the os coxae? And how do you distinguish the right and left?

2 hip bones The bumpy part of the top part of the bone goes inside

What is the acetabulum of the pelvis?

Depression in hip bone where femur is attached

What is the ilium of the pelvis?

Top part of hip bone on top of depression

What is the ischium part of the pelvis?

Back part of bone underneath empty spaces Forms your butt

What is the pubis of your pelvis?

Part where the two hip bones meet that is separated by the symphysis pubis

What is the symphysis pubis?

Between the pubis

What is the femur? And what distinguishes it from the right and left?

Smooth ball bone Depression is facing the back

What is the patella?

Knee cap Looks like a shell or rock

What is the tibia? And that distinguishes it from right and left?

Medial (inside) bone of shin Bottom pointy part is on the inside

What is the medial malleolus of the tibia?

Bottom of tibia The pointy part Makes ball on inside side of ankle

What is the fibula?

Bone next to tibia Outside bone

What are the tarsals of the foot?

Below metatarsals Ankle

What is the talus of the tarsals?

Bone the tibia sits on and the smaller bone

What is the calcaneus of the tarsals?

Bigger bone of the tarsals Heel of foot

What are the metatarsals of the foot?

The foot

What are the phalanges of the foot?

Toes

What does a process refer to?

Something that sticks out