Wallace_Conjunctions

Question 1

What do subordinate conjunctions do

Answer 1

1. link a dependent clause to an independent clause or another dependent clause
2. either of which supplies the controlling idea that the subordinate conjunction and its clause modifies

Question 2

Logical Conjunction (definition, conjunctions, and translation): ascensive

Answer 2

1. expresses a final addition or point of focus
2. και, δε, μηδέ
3. even

Question 3

Logical Conjunction (definition, conjunctions, and translation): connective conjunctions

Answer 3

1. connects an additional element to a discussion or adds an additional idea to the train of thought
2. και, δε
3. and if emphatic can be also (called adjunctive)

Question 4

Logical Conjunction (definition, conjunctions, and translation): contrastive conjunctions (adversative)

Answer 4

1. suggests a contrast or opposing thought to the idea to which it is connected
2. ἀλλά, πλήν, και, δέ
3. but, rather, yet, though, or however

Question 5

Logical Conjunction (definition): correlative conjunctions

Answer 5

1. paired conjunctions that express various relationships

Question 6

What are examples of correlative conjunctions?

Answer 6

1. μέν… δε (one the one hand… on the other hand)
2. και… και (both… and)
3. μήτε… μήτε (neither… nor)
4. οὒτε… οὒτε (neither… nor)
5. οὐκ… ἀλλά/δε (not… but)
6. οὐ… ποτἐ (not… ever)
7. ποτέ… νῦν (once… now)
8. τέ… τέ (as… so; or not only… but also)
9. ἢ… ἢ (either… or)

Question 7

Logical Conjunction (definition, conjunctions, and translation): disjunctive conjunctions (alternative)

Answer 7

1. gives an alternative possibility to the idea to which it is connected
2. ἢ
3. or

Question 8

Logical Conjunction (definition, conjunctions, and translation): emphatic conjunctions

Answer 8

1. intensifying the normal sense of a conjunction
2. ἀλλά becomes certainly
3. οὐ with μἠ becomes certainly not
4. οὖν becomes certainly
5. True emphatic conjunctions are γέ, ναί (et al.)

Question 9

Logical Conjunction (definition, conjunctions, and translation): explanatory conjunctions

Answer 9

1. indicates that additional information is being given about what is being described
2. γάρ, δέ, εἰ, καί
3. for, you see. that is, namely

Question 10

Logical Conjunction (definition, conjunctions, and translation): inferential conjunctions

Answer 10

1. gives a deduction, conclusion, or summary to the preceding discussion
2. ἂρα, γάρ, διό, διότι, οὖν, πλήν, ὣστε
3. therefore

Question 11

Logical Conjunction (definition, conjunctions, and translation): transitional conjunctions

Answer 11

1. involves the change to a new topic of discussion
2. οὖν (mostly narrative, esp. John), δέ (most common)
3. now, then

Question 12

Adverbial Conjunctions (definition, conjunctions, and translation): causal conjunctions

Answer 12

1. expresses the basis or ground of an action
2. γάρ, διότι, ἐπί, καθώς, ὃτι, ὡς (and others)
3. because, since

Question 13

Adverbial Conjunctions (definition, conjunctions, and translation): comparative conjunctions

Answer 13

1. suggests an analogy or comparison between the connected ideas or tells how something is to be done
2. καθώς, ούτως, ὣσπερ (and others)
3. as, just as, in the same way, thus, or in this manner

Question 14

Adverbial Conjunctions (definition, conjunctions, and translation): local conjunctions

Answer 14

1. gives the location or sphere (metaphorically), that is, the context in which an action takes place
2. ὃθεν, ὃπου, οὗ
3. where, from where, the place which

Question 15

Adverbial Conjunctions (definition, conjunctions, and translation): purpose conjunctions

Answer 15

1. indicates the goal or aim of an action
2. ἳνα, ὃπως, μήπως, μήπου, μήποτε (the ones with μη prefixed are negated purpose)
3. in order that, with the goal that, with a view to, that

Question 16

Adverbial Conjunctions (definition, conjunctions, and translation): result conjunctions

Answer 16

1. gives the outcome or consequence of an action
2. ὣστε (most common by far), ὡς, ὃτι, ἳνα (sometimes)
3. that, so that, or with the result that

Question 17

Adverbial Conjunctions (definition, conjunctions, and translation): temporal conjunctions

Answer 17

1. gives the time of the action
2. ἂχρι, ἓως, ὃτε, ουδέποτε (negative temporal), οὐκέτι (negative temporal), οὒπω (negative temporal), ποτέ, ὡς
3. translation varies

Question 18

Substantival Conjunctions (definition, conjunctions, and translation): content conjunctions

Answer 18

1. involves a conjunction that introduces a subject, predicate nominate, direct object, or an appositional noun clause.
2. ἳνα, ὃπως, ὃτι, ὡς,
3. that (direct discourse leave untranslated)

Question 19

Substantival Conjunctions (definition, conjunctions, and translation): epexegetical

Answer 19

1. involves a conjunction introducing a clause that completes the idea of a noun or adjective
2. ἳνα, ὃτι
3. that