Vocab #6

Question 1

ear

Answer 1

three parts
-external
-middle
-inner
located on the lateral sides of the head
identifies, locates, and interprets sound
maintains equilibrium

Question 2

external ear

Answer 2

consists of the pinna (auricle), the external auditory canal, and the lateral surface of the tympanic membrane
brings sound into the ear and prevents infection of the ear and objects from entering it

Question 3

middle ear

Answer 3

air-filled cavity in the temporal bone that contains the ossicles: malleus, incus, stapes
transmit vibrations from the tympanic membrane mechanically to the inner ear

Question 4

inner ear

Answer 4

contains the vestibule, semicircular canals, and cochlea
changes vibrations to electrical signals
responsible for balance and hearing

Question 5

tympanic membrane

Answer 5

eardrum
separates the external and middle ear
translucent and permits visualization of the inner ear

Question 6

pinna

Answer 6

cartilage framework of the external ear covered in skin

gathers or channels sound into the ear

Question 7

ceruminous glands

Answer 7

glands in the external ear that produce cerumen

Question 8

cerumen

Answer 8

earwax

lubricates the ear canal and tympanic membrane while serving as a protective barrier against foreign matter and bacteria

Question 9

ossicles

Answer 9

three bones in the middle ear that transmit vibrations from the tympanic membrane mechanically to the inner ear

Question 10

vestibule (ear)

Answer 10

part of the inner ear

directly responsible for balance as the fluid in the semicircular canals shifts with head movement

Question 11

semicircular canals

Answer 11

three canals (anterior, posterior, lateral) in the inner ear that are responsible for interpreting head rotation

Question 12

cochlea

Answer 12

encodes the previous mechanical vibrations as electrical impulses that are then sent to the eighth cranial nerve

Question 13

external nose

Answer 13

consists of bone in the proximal third of the nose and cartilage in the lower two thirds covered by thin
nasal bones arise from extension of the frontal and maxillary bones, forming the nasal bridge
the hard and soft palates form the floor of the nose and the frontal and sphenoid from the roof
humidifies, filters, and warms inspired air and serves as a passageway for expired air

Question 14

internal nose

Answer 14

divided into two anterior cavities (vestibules) by the septum
air enters the nose through the nostrils and passes posteriorly to the nasopharynx through one of the choanae

Question 15

cribiform plate

Answer 15

part of the ethmoid bone on the roof of the nose

houses the sensory endings of the olfactory nerve

Question 16

Kiesselbach’s plexus

Answer 16

group of small fragile arteries and veins located on the anterior superior portion of the septum
often responsible for epistaxis (nose bleeds)

Question 17

paranasal sinuses

Answer 17

air-filled spaces within the cranium
generally named for their location and drain into respective nasal cavities
lighten the weight of the skull bones and serve as resonators for sound production
produce mucus from the membranes that line the cavities, which drains into the nasal cavity
common site for inflammation because they are narrow and occlude easily

Question 18

oral cavtiy

Answer 18

consists of the lips, cheeks, tongue, teeth, and salivary glands
serves as a passage for food as well as the initiation of digestion by mastication and salivary secretion
mouth and oropharynx also serve to emit air for vocalization and expiration

Question 19

vestibule (oral)

Answer 19

area between the buccal mucosa and the outer surface of the teeth and gums
provides a space between the teeth and the lips

Question 20

soft palate

Answer 20

muscular tissue covered by mucous membrane that plays an active role in swallowing and vocal resonance
part of the roof of the mouth

Question 21

tongue

Answer 21

skeletal muscle covered by mucous membrane, which helps to form the floor of the mouth and is anchored to the mouth by the frenulum
papillae on its surface assist in movement of food
taste buds are contained within the papillae and allow taste

Question 22

parotid glands

Answer 22

lies within each cheek, just anterior to the ear
largest of the salivary glands
produces saliva

Question 23

submandibular glands

Answer 23

lie beneath the left and right mandibles at the angle of the jaw
produce saliva

Question 24

sublingual glands

Answer 24

lie under the tongue
smallest of the three glands
produce saliva

Question 25

pharynx

Answer 25

consists of the combined upper parts of the respiratory and digestive tracts: nasopharynx, oropharynx, laryngopharynx
filter, warm, and moisten air and conduct it into the lungs

Question 26

larynx

Answer 26

“voice box” located in the anterior neck
functions in respiration, prevents food and saliva from entering the respiratory tract, and produces sound;
protected anteriorly by the thyroid cartilage and inferiorly by the cricoid cartilage