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Medical Issues in Athletic Training > Medical Issues Vocab #1 > Flashcards

Medical Issues Vocab #1 Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

adventitious

A

coming from an external source

occurring spontaneously

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2
Q

afebrile

A

without a fever

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3
Q

biopsy

A

removal and examination of tissue

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4
Q

comorbid

A

two or more possibly unrelated medical conditions existing at the same time

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5
Q

constitutional

A

relating to the body as a whole

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6
Q

erythema

A

redness of the skin brought about by capillary dilation

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7
Q

febrile

A

having a fever

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8
Q

malaise

A

a general feeling of discomfort or uneasiness
often the first symptom of an ilness or infection
fatigue and weakness

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9
Q

morbidity

A

consequences of a given illness

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10
Q

mortality

A

death from a particular illness or disease

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11
Q

pallative

A

reducing the severity of an illness or treatment of disease without curing it

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12
Q

prodromal

A

preillness symptoms

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13
Q

purulent

A

pus filled

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14
Q

sequelae

A

a condition occurring as a consequence of a given illness or disease

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15
Q

suppurative

A

pus forming

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16
Q

pathology

A

medical science concerned with disease including structural and functional changes

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17
Q

pathogenesis

A

the underlying cause of a disease

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18
Q

etiology

A

the study of pathogenesis

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19
Q

sign

A

something that the clinician can see or feel in the patient

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20
Q

symptom

A

something the patient feels, but the clinician can’t

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21
Q

diagnosis

A

the determination of the problem using all available information

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22
Q

prognosis

A

a prediction of the probable course and outcome of a disease

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23
Q

pallow

A

unusual or extreme paleness

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24
Q

snycope

A

brief loss of consciousness, typically due to a lack of oxygen flow to the brain

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25
Q

height

-best way to measure

A

stadiometer or tape measure fastened to the wall

shoes off with the weight on the heels

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26
Q

weight

-best way to measure

A

measure confidentially

no shoes or excess clothing

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27
Q

heart rate norm

A

60-72

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28
Q

BP norm

A

120/80

29
Q

respiration norm

A

12 to 20 bpm

30
Q

temperature norms

  • oral
  • rectal
  • tympanic
A

oral: 96.4-99.1
rectal: higher by .4 to .5 C
tympanic: higher by .8 C

31
Q

percussion

A

the process of assessing sounds transmitted through the organs and cavities of the body
sound is generated by tapping

32
Q

palpation

A

the use of the hands and fingers to gain information about a patient’s condition through the sense of touch

33
Q

auscultation

A

a technique used to listen to the sounds of the internal organs such as the lungs and heart
typically done using a stethoscope

34
Q

OSHA

-purpose

A

Occupation Safety and Health Administration
purpose
-set standards to protect health care professionals and their patients

35
Q

Standard of Care

A

the expected level of care that one is obligated to give based on their training and certification

36
Q

duty to act

A

the obligation of the health care provider to provide appropriate care to a patient

37
Q

negligence

A

conduct falling below an established and expected standard of care validated by law for the protection of others that causes harm as a result

38
Q

HIPAA

-purpose

A

Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act
purpose
-protects patient privacy
-oversees medical records
-allows patients more control over how and to whom their personal health information is disclosed

39
Q

FERPA

-purpose

A

Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act
purpose
-protects the privacy of student education records
-applies to any school receiving funds from the U.S. Department of Education.

40
Q

ICD

-purpose

A

International Classification of Diseases
purpose
-medical classification system that links diagnosis-related groups for the purpose of cataloging and medical recordkeeping

41
Q

CPT

-purpose

A

Current Procedural Terminology
-provides a set of billing codes, descriptions and guidelines associated with procedures and services used by health care professionals

42
Q

PPE

-purpose

A

exam done of athlete before allowed to participate in a specific sport
purpose
-identifies any potential or correctable conditions that may impair the athlete’s ability to fully perform

43
Q

DC

A

doctor of chiropractic

44
Q

DPM

A

doctor of podiatry

45
Q

RD

A

registered dietitian

46
Q

LPN

A

licensed practical nurse

47
Q

PhD

A

psychologist

48
Q

diagnostic imaging

-purpose

A

special images produced by radiologists and radiology technicians to determine specific medical conditions
purpose
-provide an internal view of anatomical structures

49
Q

diagnostic testing

A

medical tests that are performed primarily in a laboratory setting and include blood, urine and cardiovascular tests

50
Q

X-ray

A

form of electromagnetic radiation that allows viewing of internal structures when passed through a patient

51
Q

AP view

A

x-ray image taken from the anterior to posterior side of the patient

52
Q

radionuclide bone scan

A

nuclear imaging test involving the injection of a short-lived radionuclide to assess abnormalities of the bones

53
Q

fluoroscopy

-primary use

A

types of radiography that can be performed when the clinician wants to see a “live” image to determine the size shape and movement of tissue
primary use
-quick and noninvasive means of determining whether a fracture has occurred

54
Q

Computed Tomography (CT)

A

combines specialized high-resolution radiography with computers to give better visualization of internal structures in cross-sections or three dimensions

55
Q

positron emission tomography (PET) scan

  • capabilities
  • purposes
A

examines the cell matebolism and biochemistry of tissue and organs
capabilities
-able to identify abnormal metabolic activity before it becomes apparent on a CT scan or by magnetic resonance imaging
purposes
-used to identify certain types of cancer, thyroid conditions, infections and bleeding and to evaluate kidney function

56
Q

magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

-purpose

A

applies a magnetic field to the body to align the body’s atoms to form radio waves when released
purpose
-provides detailed information about organs, soft tissue, bones, tumors, bleeding and infection

57
Q

diagnostic ultrasound (sonography)

A

consists of high-frequency sound waves that penetrate the body to produce images of internal structures in “real” time

58
Q

echocardiogram (ECHO)

-performed with what

A

a diagnostic ultrasound that examines the heart

conjoined with an EKG

59
Q

electromyography (EMG) purpose

A

measures the electrical activity in a muscle

-used to determine the cause of muscle weakness and abnormal nerve conduction

60
Q

nerve conduction study

  • purpose
  • performed with what?
A

purpose
-measures the electrical signals of a muscle’s nerve
used with
-EMG

61
Q

electrocardiography (ECG or EKG) purpose

A

determines whether the electrical activity of the heart is normal

62
Q

holter monitor

  • works the same as
  • traces…
A

worn by a patient to monitor the heart’s electrical activity
works in the same manner as an EKG
traces the electircal activity of the heart

63
Q

cardiac stress test

-uses

A

looks at the heart’s rhythm during exercise in a controlled environment
grade or intensity of the exercise increases at 3-minute intervals
uses
-identify
–coronary artery disease
—ischemia
–angina
-monitor the functional capacity of patients with heart disease

64
Q

laparoscopy

-purpose

A

invasive procedure in which a small incision is made in the abdomen and a scope is inserted into the incision to view the inside of the abdomen
purpose
-allows the surgeon to see the internal structures of the abdomen and to determine any abnormalities

65
Q

colonoscopy

-purpose

A

invasive procedure done to examine the colon and rectum for abnormalities
purpose
-used to examine the patient for any early indication of colon cancer or polps

66
Q

urinalysis

-can indicate…

A 
urine test to determine pH, protein, glucose, ketone, bilirubin, hemoglobin, nitrite, leukocytes, urobilinogen, and specific gravity levels
can indicate
-urinary tract infection
-diabetes
-starvation
-liver problems
-intravascular hemolysis
-bleeding into the renal system
-renal/glomerular damage
67
Q

complete blood count (CBC)

-purpose

A

presents a microscopic review of a blood sample
purpose
-basic screening test to indicate the overall health of a person and to provide information regarding the ration of cells per volume of blood

68
Q

pulse oximeter

  • purpose
  • values
A

measures the amount of oxygen saturation in a person’s blood
purpose
-determines if a patient may benefit from supplemental oxygen
values
-95-100%: good
-85-95: hypoxia
-below 85: critical

69
Q

sites of all palpable pulse sites

A 
temporal artery
carotid artery
brachial artery
radial artery
ulnar artery
femoral artery
popliteal artery
posterior tibial artery
dorsalis pedis artery

Medical Issues in Athletic Training (26 decks)

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