Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biochemistry > Vitamins and Minerals > Flashcards

Vitamins and Minerals Flashcards

1
Q

Vitamins ADEK absorption depends on

A

Pancreas and ileum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Deficiency causes damage in the medial dorsal nucleus of the thalamus, mamillary bodies (amneistic, confusion, ophthalmoplegia, ataxia)

A

Called Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome.

Thiamine, TPP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Deficiency causes cheilosis and corneal vascularization

A

Vitamin B2 Riboflavin, FMN FAD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Hartnup disease causes deficiency in transporting neutral amino acids like tryptophan. This mimics deficiency in vitamin ____

A

Vitamin B3 Niacin, NAD

Causes pellagra-like symptoms. Tryptophan helps in conversion of niacin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

This vitamin is an essential component of CoA which are cofactors for acyl transferases

A

Vitamin B5 pantothenic, CoA

Deficiency: dermatitis, enteritis, alopecia, adrenal insufficiency

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

This vitamin plays a role in transamination, decarboxylation, glycogen phosphorylase, glutathione synthesis, cystathione, heme, niacin, NT

A

Vitamin B6 pyridoxine, PLP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

This vitamin is a cofactor for carboxylation reactions. Excessive consumption of raw egg whites can cause deficiency.

A

Vitamin B7 Biotin

Avidin in egg whites bind to biotin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Plays a role in methylation reactions which is important for the synthesis of DNA and RNA

A

Vitamin B9 Folate (converted to tetrahydrofolate)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

This water soluble vitamin can be stored in the liver for 3-4 years

A

Vitamin B 12; Cobalamin

Vitamin B9, can be stored in the liver for 3-4 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Increase intake of this vitamin can cause iron toxicity by increasing iron absorption

A

Vitamin C

Helps in reducing Fe3+ to Fe2+ to facilitate absorption

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Thiamine Pyrophosphate plays a role in the ____ (Be APT) enzyme reaction.

A

Branched-chain ketoacid dehydrogenase, alpha ketoglutarate dehydrogenase, pyruvate dehydrogenase, transketolase (HMP shunt)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Cofactor in methionine synthase and methylmalonyl-CoA synthase

A

Vitamin B 12 cobalamin.

Needs intrinsic factor to be absorbed,

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Deficiency of this fat soluble vitamin presents similarly with vitamin B12 but without megaloblastic anemia

A

Vitamin E

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

This vitamin is activated by epoxide reductase which is a cofactor for the gamma carboxylation of glutamic acid residues

A

Vitamin K

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

___: Protein deficiency :: ___ : Caloric deficiency

A

Kwashiorkor; Marasmus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the cofactor for transketolase

A

B1 - Thiamine

17
Q

What is the cofactor for alpha ketoacid dehydrogenase?

A

B1 - thiamine

18
Q

What is the precursor of CoA?

A

B5 - pantothenic

19
Q

What is the cofactor for transaminase

A

B6 - pyridoxal phosphate

20
Q

What is the cofactor for carboxylases?

A

B7 - biotin

21
Q

What is the cofactor for methylmalonyl CoA mutase?

A

B12 - cobalamin

22
Q

What is the cofactor for homocysteine methyltransferase?

A

B12 - cobalamin

23
Q

Single carbon carrier

A

B9 - folate

24
Q

[Diagnose: vitamin deficiency]

nystagmus, organic toxic psychosis, ataxia, odor of vomit, alcohol stained clothes

A

Thiamine

25
Q

[Diagnose: vitamin deficiency]

chronic smoker, alcoholic, with odynophagia, insomnia, epigastric discomfort, diarrhea, disoriented, exfoliative dermatitis, presence of red base upon photoexposure

A

Niacin

26
Q

[Diagnose: vitamin deficiency]

alcoholic for 10 years, burning eyes, sore tongue, decreased appetite, abnormal discomfort, cracks on lips and in mouth corner, red fissured inflamed tongue, dull hair, oily skin, split nails

A

Riboflavin

Cheilosis, corneal vascularization

27
Q

Water soluble vitamin that can be synthesized by the body

A

Niacin

  1. From tryptophan

60mg tryptophan = 1mg Niacin

28
Q

[Diagnose: vitamin deficiency]

alcoholic, mumbles about aliens. Died. Presence of mamillary bodies due to hemorrhage

A

Thiamin (wernicke korsakoff

29
Q

Why is decreased vitamin B12 cause anemia

A

B12 play a role in conversion of N5-methyl THF to THF

30
Q

Rhodopsin is a complex between 11-cis-retinal and ___

A

scotopsin

31
Q

Which amino acid modification need vitamin K activity?

A

Glutamate to gamma carboxyglutamate

32
Q

What cofactor is needed in carboxylation of propionyl-CoA and Succinyl-CoA?

A

Cobalamin

33
Q

[Diagnose]

59F, broken fibula, multiple bruises, painful and bleeding gums, anemic, microcytic RBC.

What enzyme is affected

A

Lysyl hydroxylase

Vit C is a cofactor of lysyl hydroxylase and prolysl hydroxylase

34
Q

Phenytoin interferes with what fat soluble vitamin?

A

Vitamin K

affects gamma carboxylation

35
Q

Thiamine deficiency will affect what enzyme in the RBC?

A

Transketolase

36
Q

What enzyme is needed in the conversion of pyruvate to acetyl CoA

A

PDH Complex needing TPP (thiamine)

37
Q

The synthesis of what compound is affected in patients with pernicious anemia?

A

methylmalonyl CoA

Biochemistry (28 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions